Deck 14: Health Geropsychology

Question 1

The highest rates of disability occur in ________.

A) children
B) young adults
C) middle aged adults
D) elderly adults

Answer 1

D

Question 2

________ family responses to illness management have been associated with negative patient outcomes.

A) Supportive
B) Caring
C) Controlling
D) Engaging

Answer 2

C

Question 3

In the US, the prevalence of ________ is not correlated with age.

A) stroke
B) angina
C) asthma
D) cancer

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The following statement regarding pain in old age is not true: ________.

A) Pain is the result of pathology that ought to be treated
B) Pain is an inevitable part of aging and must be endured
C) Commonly-held beliefs about pain in old age may make older persons less likely to seek assessment and treatment of their pain
D) Only a small portion of tools that assess the pain experience have been validated in older populations

Question 5

________ refers to integrated health programs that combine mental health screening and services into medical care settings treating patients with chronic conditions.

A) Supportive care
B) Interdepartmental care
C) Collaborative care
D) Cooperative care

Question 6

New studies have shown that, among older adults, fear of falling ________.

A) leads to excessive avoidance of activity
B) has a negative effect on balance
C) leads to loss of muscle tone
D) leads to excessive reliance on other people

Question 7

The Legacy Project was found to ________.

A) increase caregiver stress
B) increase positive affect
C) decrease family communication
D) increase breathing difficulty

Question 8

The National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization defines ________ as "making decisions about the care you would want to receive if you become unable to speak for yourself."

A) final wish planning
B) end-of-life planning
C) palliative planning
D) advance care planning

Question 9

Obesity rates are highest among ________.

A) children 12 and younger
B) adults 45-54 years old
C) adults 55-64 years old
D) adults 75-84 years old

Question 10

The following statement regarding divided attention is not true: ________.

A) It refers to the ability to pay attention to multiple streams of information simultaneously
B) It refers to the ability to ignore competing information or stimulation while concentrating on a task
C) It is greatly compromised by age
D) It is compromised by cognitive impairments more so than it is by age

Question 11

Cognitive rehabilitation strategies that can improve encoding among older adults include ________.

A) providing instruction about activities at a faster pace
B) controlling the environment to cut down on distractions
C) providing instruction using a single modality
D) limiting instruction altogether

Question 12

According to the Caregiver Stress-Health Model, ________ refers to the shared or complementary emotional experience of the family member in response to the older adult's physical and emotional suffering.

A) conditioned emotional responses
B) defensive emotions and withdrawal
C) conditioned apathy
D) cognitive empathy

Question 13

With older persons, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has been efficacious in ________, but not in ________.

A) improving physical function; improving self-reported pain
B) improving self-reported pain; improving physical function
C) improving mood; improving self-reported pain
D) improving mood; improving physical function

Question 14

The following statement describes the relationship between dementia and chronic pain in the elderly: ________.

A) Dementia is a source of chronic pain on its own
B) The symptoms of chronic pain may mask the symptoms of dementia
C) Dementia creates communication problems that make pain assessment difficult
D) Non-verbal pain behaviours tend to be more affected by advanced dementia compared to self-report

Question 15

________ represent one of the most frequent sources of painful injury among older adults.

A) Cuts and burns
B) Violent trauma
C) Falls
D) Automobile accidents

Question 16

Approximately ________ older persons experiences a fall, with roughly ________ of these individuals falling more than once per year.

A) one in three; half
B) one in ten; one-third
C) one in three; one-third
D) one in ten; half

Question 17

"Generativity or legacy" is a component of ________.

A) cognitive behavioural therapy
B) the Legacy Project
C) CIRCA
D) Chochinov's Dignity Therapy

Question 18

________ is the most effective type of intervention employed to prevent falls in elderly people.

A) Cognitive behavioural therapy
B) Physical exercise
C) Cognitive behavioural therapy combined with a supervised physical exercise program
D) Cognitive behavioural therapy combined with increased social support

Question 19

Reminiscence therapy is ________.

A) the universal, passive recall of memories
B) a support group meeting focused around one or more life themes
C) a structured interview focused around one or more life themes
D) a structured interview focused around socialization issues

Question 20

In one study, elderly people who took care of a canary demonstrated ________ compared to a group of people who ________.

A) decreases in anxiety and psychotic symptoms; did nothing
B) decreases in anxiety and psychotic symptoms; took care of a plant
C) increases in anxiety; did nothing
D) increases in psychotic symptoms; took care of a plant

Question 21

Older persons with dementia most frequently report the following prominent identity roles, in order of prevalence: ________.

A) success of a relative, family heritage, academic achievement, occupations, traits, survival
B) family heritage, success of a relative, academic achievement, occupations, traits, survival
C) family heritage, success of a relative, academic achievement, occupations, survival, traits
D) success of a relative, family heritage, academic achievement, occupations, survival, traits

Question 22

Cognitive behavioural interventions among elderly people do not aim to ________.

A) increase self-efficacy beliefs regarding falls
B) increase the sense of control over falling
C) correct misconceptions about the view of falls and fall risk
D) decrease levels of physical activity

Question 23

________ requires a prognosis of six months or less with focus on physical and emotional comfort, not curing illness.

A) Palliative care
B) Hospice care
C) Long-term care
D) Advanced care

Question 24

The highest proportion of long-term care (LTC) residents ________.

A) have a diagnosis of major depression
B) suffer from mild depressive disorders
C) display significant depressive symptoms
D) display no depressive symptoms at all

Question 25

Individuals with ________ benefited most from reminiscence therapy that took place in long-term care facilities.

A) advanced dementia
B) mild to moderate dementia
C) advanced Alzheimer's disease
D) early Alzheimer's disease

Question 26

Briefly describe the importance of employing activities personnel (e.g., activities director, recreation therapist) in long-term care facilities.

Question 27

Lifespan and health are determined by both genetic and environmental or lifestyle influences. Briefly describe the steps that individuals can take to extend their lifespan.

Question 28

List three population groups that may be at a disadvantage in terms of obtaining health care in old age.

Question 29

Describe the Brief Behavioural Activation Treatment for Depression (BATD).

Question 30

Briefly explain the concept of collaborative care.

Question 31

Briefly describe the Caregiver Stress-Health Model.

Question 32

Describe the unique challenges of assessing and treating older pain patients.

Question 33

Briefly compare and contrast the typical stressors of older adults with those of younger adults.

Question 34

Briefly outline the risk of misdiagnosing or simply missing a diagnosis of chronic pain in an elderly patient with dementia.

Question 35

Briefly describe how psychological factors can increase the risk of falling.

Question 36

Explain the concept and the advantages of reminiscence therapy.

Question 37

Discuss the use and the benefits of reminiscence therapy in nursing home settings, with an emphasis on evidence-based results.

Question 38

Outline and evaluate the strategies employed to support people with mild cognitive impairment.

Question 39

By 2041, the percentage of people over 85 in Canada will double. Discuss the implications of this demographic trend for the health care system and the welfare system. Evaluate how these changes will affect the profession of health psychologists specifically dedicated to the care of the elderly.

Question 40

Outline and discuss the neurobiology and the psychology behind Alzheimer's disease.