Deck 21: Juvenile Court and Corrections

Question 1

Juvenile court goals include:

A) accountability
B) punishment
C) rehabilitation
D) all of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The juvenile court's shift in focus from rehabilitation to accountability/punishment was in part due to:

A) An increase in serious property offending by juveniles
B) the conservative shift in political ideology that began in the 1970s
C) an increased concern for the plight of children
D) all of the above

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Most of the delinquency cases that were handled by juvenile court in 2013 were for:

A) status offenses like running away, truancy, and incorrigibility
B) violent crimes like homicide, rape, and assault
C) property crimes like larceny-theft, burglary, and vandalism
D) drug offenses, including sales and use
E) public order offenses like disorderly conduct, weapons offenses, and obstruction of justice

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Juveniles can be referred to juvenile court by:

A) police
B) parents
C) school officials
D) neighbors
E) all of the above

Question 5

One of the main decisions made during intake screening is a determination of:

A) whether to refer the youth to juvenile court
B) whether the juvenile court should formally process the case
C) whether any of the juvenile's rights have been violated
D) the sanctions and/or reform options available for a juvenile
E) none of the above

Question 6

At a detention hearing, a juvenile court judge determines:

A) whether to detain a juvenile while awaiting trial
B) whether the juvenile court should send the case to adult court
C) whether any of the juvenile's rights have been violated
D) what sanctions to impose on an adjudicated delinquent
E) none of the above

Question 7

In a judicial waiver, one of the main factors that affects a juvenile court judge's decision is whether the juvenile:

A) is amenable to treatment by the juvenile court
B) has been placed in detention
C) has previously run away from home
D) poses a risk to himself/herself
E) all of the above

Question 8

The main purpose of an "adjudicatory" hearing is to:

A) inform a juvenile of her or his constitutional rights
B) determine whether a case should be sent to adult court for trial
C) determine whether a juvenile committed the offense(s) with which he or she is charged
D) gather information necessary for the completion of a social history report
E) impose a sentence or disposition on the juvenile

Question 9

Juveniles have all the due process rights available to adults except the right to:

A) representation by an attorney
B) confront and cross-examine witnesses
C) a jury trial
D) notification of charges against them

Question 10

Which of the following is in the correct order?

A) intake, social history, adjudication, disposition
B) intake, disposition, adjudication, social history
C) social history, intake, adjudication, disposition
D) intake, adjudication, social history, disposition

Question 11

In a "disposition" hearing, the juvenile court judge decides:

A) what charge(s) to bring against the juvenile
B) whether the juvenile should be held in detention until an official court hearing
C) what "sentence" the juvenile will receive
D) whether the charges are upheld
E) where to try the case-juvenile or adult court

Question 12

The most commonly used disposition for dealing with adjudicated delinquents is:

A) institutionalization
B) probation
C) restitution
D) counseling
E) home confinement

Question 13

One of the main problems associated with juvenile probation is that:

A) probation officers are poorly trained for the job
B) probation officers fail to clearly specify the conditions of probation
C) judges are reluctant to place juveniles on probation
D) caseloads are too high for effective supervision

Question 14

Agnew and Brezina describe ________ as a type of intermediate sanction used by juvenile courts to provide more control and punishment than is given through regular probation.

A) outdoor programs like ocean sailing
B) wilderness programs like rock climbing
C) intensive supervision programs
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 15

As discussed in the text, juvenile courts confine status offenders through a variety of means, including:

A) charging status offenders with minor criminal offenses
B) holding status offenders in detention without making formal charges
C) temporarily misplacing the paperwork of frequent runaways
D) all of the above

Question 16

As described in the text, most juvenile training schools are:

A) small facilities that focus on counseling and treatment
B) small facilities that focus on vocational training
C) large facilities that focus on counseling and treatment
D) large facilities that focus on security

Question 17

Programs that focus on ________ juveniles are generally effective in reducing delinquency.

A) punishing
B) controlling
C) scaring
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 18

The two most common offenses handled by juvenile courts are:

A) vandalism and obstruction of justice
B) drug offenses and larceny-theft
C) simple assault and larceny-theft
D) assault and disorderly conduct

Question 19

The number of females handled by the juvenile court has increased from 19% in 1985 to _____ in 2013.

A) 28%
B) 55%
C) 75%
D) 90%

Question 20

According to the textbook, diversion programs are run by:

A) the court
B) community organizations
C) volunteers in the community
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 21

The purpose of diversion programs is best derived from which theory?

A) social learning theory
B) strain theory
C) control theory
D) labeling theory

Question 22

According to Agnew and Brezina, several studies find that offenders referred to teen court often have a _______ rate of recidivism than those who experienced traditional juvenile court sanctions.

A) lower
B) higher
C) similar
D) none of the above

Question 23

List the major goals of the juvenile court.

Question 24

Discuss reasons for the juvenile court's shift in focus from rehabilitation to accountability/punishment. Then, discuss why there has been a recent shift back toward rehabilitation.

Question 25

Indicate the major decisions made during intake screening and then discuss factors that affect these decisions.

Question 26

The police refer Daniel, a 15-year-old male, to juvenile court on charges of trespassing and carrying a concealed weapon. Explain the decisions that will be made with regard to Daniel's case as he progresses through the juvenile court process. Discuss decisions made that process him further into the system, as well as those that process his case out of juvenile court.

Question 27

Describe the three major ways in which juvenile cases are waived to adult court.

Question 28

Discuss the purpose of adjudication and the rights that juveniles have during adjudicatory hearings.

Question 29

Identify the major decision points in juvenile justice processing and indicate what decision(s) is (are) made at each.

Question 30

From the text, list three conditions that may be required of juveniles on probation.

Question 31

In the text, Agnew and Brezina state that probation has little effect on rates of reoffending. Discuss reasons for its ineffectiveness and offer suggestions to increase its effectiveness in reducing recidivism.

Question 32

Describe two types of intermediate sanctions that may be used along with or in place of probation.

Question 33

How might intermediate sanctions, used in place of and alongside probation, reduce reoffending rates? How might intermediate sanctions be revamped to increase their effectiveness?

Question 34

Explain two ways in which juvenile courts are able to confine status offenders without violating federal guidelines that discourage the confinement of status offenders.

Question 35

Briefly review the Gault case and indicate the due process rights granted in the Gault decision.

Question 36

Identify the due process rights available to juveniles at an adjudicatory hearing.

Question 37

Explain the purpose of the social history or predisposition report.

Question 38

Differentiate risk and needs assessment instruments in terms of their purpose and implementation.

Question 39

Describe two different types of out-of-home placement.

Question 40

Specify factors that increase the effectiveness of aftercare programs.

Question 41

Compare home detention with other potential responses of the juvenile justice system. What are its advantages and disadvantages?

Question 42

According to the textbook, what offenses are males more likely to be confined for, and what offenses are females more likely to be confined for?

Question 43

According to the textbook, are traditional juvenile facilities effective in reducing recidivism?

Question 44

The "Missouri Model" of care is an alternative to the traditional placement of serious juvenile offenders in training schools. Describe the major components of the Missouri Model. Discuss the advantages of the model and its effectiveness.

Question 45

Provide a comparison and a contrast of juvenile correctional facilities and adult prisons.

Question 46

According to Agnew and Brezina, studies indicate that traumatic experiences are prevalent in the lives of youth involved in the juvenile justice system. What type of traumatic experiences are these youths sometimes exposed to?

Question 47

What were the main points highlighted by the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges for working with youth who have been exposed to trauma?