Deck 3: The President and White House Leadership

Question 1

Presidential roles have evolved throughout the history of the United States through ______.

A) constitutional amendments, legislation, judicial rulings, and customs
B) treaties and executive agreements
C) direct democracy tools, such as ballot initiatives and referenda
D) movements, protests, and demonstrations

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The origins of presidential roles are rooted in the ______.

A) Declaration of Independence
B) US Constitution
C) Federalist Papers
D) Thomas Paine's Common Sense

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following presidential roles is considered to be symbolic?

A) head of state
B) chief diplomat
C) chief executive
D) commander in chief

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The ______ role originates with the president's constitutional duty to nominate the secretary of state and ambassadors to countries abroad and to receive foreign ambassadors.

A) chief diplomat
B) chief legislation
C) commander in chief
D) head of state

Question 5

Which of the following branches of government share constitutional powers over war and the military?

A) the states and the president
B) the Supreme Court and Congress
C) the president and the Supreme Court
D) the president and Congress

Question 6

Which of the following duties is part of the chief executive role?

A) representing the United States abroad
B) commanding the military and declaring war
C) entering into executive agreements with foreign governments
D) appointing high-level officials in executive-level department's agencies

Question 7

Which of the following informal powers allows presidents to take or order action?

A) singularity
B) bully pulpit
C) initiative
D) speed and information

Question 8

Much of the president's knowledge is acquired through ______.

A) advisors and the vice president
B) previous experience
C) congressional research
D) on-the-job training

Question 9

Which of the following is considered to be an advantage that allows bureaucratic organizations to remain relatively autonomous and free of presidential control?

A) All bureaucratic organizations have the same goals, subcultures, and tasks over time that may be at odds with the policies preferred by the current president.
B) The bureaucracy determines not only the quantity of information available to the president, but also its quality.
C) Bureaucrats can function without the help from Congress.
D) Bureaucrats are elected officials who do not have the advantage of time.

Question 10

Which of the following "uncertain elements" plays a role in the politics and processes of US foreign policy?

A) the courts
B) the media
C) public opinion
D) global and historical context

Question 11

Pitting advisers against each other to gain the president's ear and support, as President Roosevelt did, is an example of which leadership style?

A) competitive model
B) formal model
C) collegial model
D) chief of staff model

Question 12

President John F. Kennedy's leadership style emphasized teamwork and shared responsibility. He employed a ______ model.

A) formal
B) collegial
C) chief of staff
D) competitive

Question 13

Presidents with high energy and high satisfaction from the role, who exhibit optimism and readiness to act, represent which type of presidential character?

A) active-positives
B) passive-positives
C) active-negatives
D) passive-negatives

Question 14

Presidents with low energy and high satisfaction from the role, who exhibit optimism, agreeability, and cooperation, are considered ______.

A) active-positives
B) passive-positives
C) active-negatives
D) passive-negatives

Question 15

Presidents with high energy and low satisfaction, who tend to be rigid and exhibit aggressive, power-seeking behavior, represent which type of presidential character?

A) active-positives
B) passive-positives
C) active-negatives
D) passive-negatives

Question 16

Presidents with low energy and low satisfaction, who tend to display low self-esteem, a strong sense of duty and service, and an aversion to the job, are considered ______.

A) active-positives
B) passive-positives
C) active-negatives
D) passive-negatives

Question 17

Which type of leader prefers formal authority patterns and a focus on the process?

A) chief executive officers
B) director/ideologues
C) team-builder/players
D) analyst/innovators

Question 18

______ prefer formal authority patterns and a focus on the substance of the problem/decision.

A) Chief executive officers
B) Director/ideologues
C) Team-builder/players
D) Analyst/innovators

Question 19

Presidents Johnson and Ford preferred informal authority patterns and focused on the process. They represent which leadership style?

A) chief executive officers
B) director/ideologues
C) team-builder/players
D) analyst/innovators

Question 20

Franklin Roosevelt and Clinton preferred informal authority patterns and focused on the substance of problems/decision. Which leadership style did they have?

A) chief executive officers
B) director/ideologues
C) team-builder/players
D) analyst/innovators

Question 21

Which of the following agencies was created to cope with a rapidly growing bureaucracy?

A) White House Office (WHO)
B) National Economic Council (NEC)
C) Executive Office of the Presidency (EOP)
D) Office of Management and Budget (OMB)

Question 22

Which of the following individuals interacts with the president more frequently than anyone else?

A) chief of staff
B) press secretary
C) agencies secretaries
D) attorney general

Question 23

The president must make which of the following types of general appointments?

A) congressional staffers
B) major policy advisors
C) governors
D) state legislators

Question 24

According to the text, which of the following roles has the chief of staff used to great advantage?

A) singularity
B) persuasion
C) bully pulpit
D) gatekeeping

Question 25

Which of the following presidents was identified as the first modern president to expand his personal staff?

A) Johnson
B) Nixon
C) Roosevelt
D) Adams

Question 26

Richard Neustadt's basic argument is that the key to presidential power is the power to ______.

A) persuade
B) avoid
C) bully
D) choose

Question 27

According to Neustadt, presidents who enter office and expect to ______ are quickly disappointed and frustrated.

A) impress
B) demand
C) organize
D) command

Question 28

By using ______, the president should arrive at decisions that push the Constitution to its limits in exercising presidential power.

A) the power to persuade
B) prerogative government
C) singularity
D) the bully pulpit

Question 29

______ can occur if presidents push prerogative government too far during national emergency such as war.

A) Backlash
B) Overshoot
C) Collapse
D) Frontlash

Question 30

______ is defined as the ability to influence the surrounding environment in ways one prefers.

A) Power
B) Singularity
C) Persuasion
D) Initiative

Question 31

The ability to ______ is a negative exercise of power.

A) initiate
B) block others from doing something
C) implement
D) make something happen

Question 32

Which of the following is example of intermestic issues?

A) healthcare
B) immigration
C) welfare
D) education

Question 33

By the end of a presidential term, presidents may be so weak that they are reduced to a ______.

A) honeymoon status
B) lame-duck status
C) electoral mandate status
D) singularity status

Question 34

The ______ posits that as a result of World War II and the rise of the Cold War, the presidency became powerful in foreign policy, but weak in domestic policy.

A) paradox of presidential power
B) two presidencies thesis
C) imperial presidency
D) presidential life cycle

Question 35

When the president and Congress are led by people of opposing political parties, it is referred to as ______.

A) an imperial presidency
B) divided government
C) singularity
D) sovereignty

Question 36

The Reagan Administration's covert organization and support of the rebels in an effort to overthrow the leftist Sandinista government in Nicaragua is known as ______.

A) the Cold War
B) the consensus years
C) the Iran-Contra affair
D) Watergate

Question 37

According to the text, the president is the most powerful in which of the following policy areas?

A) economics
B) education
C) healthcare
D) national security

Question 38

Which of the following posits that the presidency has virtually unlimited ability to exercise prerogative government and could ignore or override laws of Congress that interfere with his duties as commander in chief?

A) two presidential thesis
B) imperial presidency
C) unitary executive theory
D) power to persuade

Question 39

According to the text, the president is the least powerful in which of the following areas?

A) immigration
B) national security
C) welfare
D) trade

Question 40

In which of the following "stages" did White House leadership over foreign policy decline and become much more complex?

A) during World War II and the Cold War Consensus years
B) in the Cold War Consensus years
C) in the post-Cold War period
D) in the post-9/11 period

Question 41

The president can both initiate and veto legislation.

Question 42

The president faces three problems in terms of information: scarcity, overabundance, and understanding.

Question 43

Appointments to staff agencies within the EOP, such as the WHO and the NSC, require Senate approval.

Question 44

Presidents do not typically experience political backlash if they exercise prerogative government.

Question 45

The exercise of negative power is very demanding.

Question 46

Explain the paradox of presidential power.

Question 47

Identify the different presidential roles.

Question 48

Explain each of the four types of presidential character.

Question 49

When are presidents more likely to exercise presidential power and prerogative government?

Question 50

Provide an example of an intermestic issue.