Deck 10: The Western Hemisphere, Including Canada, the United States, and South America

Question 1

On the website of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service is a remarkable paragraph that makes the point that with the exception of the United States, Canada has the least terrorist groups out of any other country in the world.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Why are the Canadians suspicious of any rigid counter-terrorism legislation?

A) They think it would be too intrusive into the private lives of Canadian citizens.
B) Canadians suspect that it would drive them into the biggest debt in Canadian history.
C) Much of it would necessarily involve minorities, asylum seekers and refugees.
D) They believe that it would start a large conflict between them and the Middle East.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is a reason that terrorism in Canada has grown?

A) Canada is very tough on multiculturalism, and so terrorists want them to change their policies on it.
B) Proximity to the US, and an unguarded border between the US and Canada.
C) Canada is actually a state sponsor of terrorism.
D) Difficulty of immigrants to gain access to Canada.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of how Canada's improvements to security are described as lacking by Lehre?

A) Canada does not even have their own form of a transportation security administration.
B) Canadian funds for antiterrorism agencies within their government are third lowest in all funding allocations.
C) They have attempted to improve security but most citizens are so uninterested in security that they leave their front doors unlocked.
D) Canada has an organization that tracks criminal and terrorist money transfers but it does not share information well with other agencies, due to privacy laws.

Question 5

What happened to Syrian born Canadian citizen Maher Arar?

A) He was detained by the FBI and tortured in Syria, but they found he had no connection to terrorism.
B) Maher Arar was a terrorist that was going to attack the United States but was caught by the RCMP.
C) Arar was actually a spy for Syria that was not going to cause any damage, but he did send vital information to Syria.
D) The RCMP arrested him but he was found innocent, and his cause inspired anti-profiling laws in Canada.

Question 6

After accusing Iran of encouraging Iranians that are now living in Canada to infiltrate communities and disrupt opposition to the Iranian regime, after tiring of Iran's constant threats against Israel, and the worry that a Canadian Embassy in Iran was vulnerable to attacks, what did the Canadians do?

A) The Canadians closed their embassy in Iran and threw Iranian diplomats out of Canada.
B) Canada declared war on Iran until Iran signed a peace treaty with Israel and created agencies to stop Islamic terror worldwide.
C) They apologized to Iran for any misunderstanding.
D) The Canadian Embassy was fortified, the government drafted anti-terrorism legislation, and they sent troops to the Israeli military to help.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of the violence perpetrated by the Klan?

A) One of their members was stopped by a police officer, John Frey, with the result that shots were exchanged, Officer John Frey was killed and the member was arrested, convicted and sent to prison.
B) The bombing in May of 1964 of the Birmingham, Alabama 16th Street Baptist Church that resulted in the deaths of four children.
C) They bombed and planned more bombings trying to stop the U.S. Involvement in the Vietnam War.
D) The February 2002 kidnapping of a Colombian presidential candidate, Ingrid Betancourt, who was traveling in guerrilla territory.

Question 8

Who was the Weather Underground?

A) Never cooperating with the Shining Path, it was much smaller in terms of numbers while pursuing the same goal, a Marxist society for Peru.
B) They were committed to change and wanted to end the Viet Nam War, though they proved to be largely ineffective.
C) This group recognizes that they may physically reside in the United States they do not regard themselves as members of the United States.
D) They came out of Oakland, California where they made headlines patrolling sections of the city that they believed were victimized frequently by police brutality.

Question 9

Which event ended the Weather Underground?

A) Three of their members were killed when a bomb they were assembling exploded on March 6, 1970.
B) The capture of Abimael Guzman on September 12, 1992 along with eight others and his computer that contained their membership roster, organizational structure and weapons caches.
C) On April 22, 1997, government antiterrorist experts launched an attack on a residence taken captive by them. Using sophisticated listening devices to track the captor's presence, 140 troops, utilizing five tunnels dug under the residence, surprised and killed all of the captors, with one hostage dying in the attack.
D) The capture of Abimael Guzman on September 12, 1992 along with eight others and his computer that contained their membership roster, organizational structure and weapons caches. Then it was only a matter of tracking them down.

Question 10

Who were the Black Panthers?

A) They were committed to change and wanted to end the Viet Nam War, though they proved to be largely ineffective.
B) Never cooperating with the Shining Path, it was much smaller in terms of numbers while pursuing the same goal, a Marxist society for Peru.
C) They came out of Oakland, California where they made headlines patrolling sections of the city that they believed were victimized frequently by police brutality.
D) This group recognizes that they may physically reside in the United States they do not regard themselves as members of the United States.

Question 11

Which of the following brought about the end of the Black Panthers?

A) FBI director J. Edgar Hoover's aggressive and illegal counterintelligence program, police raids, infighting, and drugs.
B) The capture of Abimael Guzman on September 12, 1992 along with eight others and his computer that contained their membership roster, organizational structure and weapons caches. Then it was only a matter of tracking them down.
C) Three of their members were killed when a bomb they were assembling exploded on March 6, 1970.
D) The capture of Abimael Guzman on September 12, 1992 along with eight others and his computer that contained their membership roster, organizational structure and weapons caches.

Question 12

To the ALF and ELF, animals and the earth are equal in rights to human beings.

Question 13

Who are the Sovereign Citizens?

A) Descended from British royalty, they felt that they were the true kings of the United States.
B) They came out of Oakland, California where they made headlines patrolling sections of the city that they believed were victimized frequently by police brutality.
C) They were committed to change and wanted to end the Viet Nam War, though they proved to be largely ineffective.
D) This group recognizes that they may physically reside in the United States they do not regard themselves as members of the United States.

Question 14

The Obama Administration called Major Nidal Nasan, an Army psychiatrist that killed thirteen people a criminal and characterized the shooting as "work place violence." This is because

A) President Obama does not want to abuse people's fear of terrorism for more power.
B) the event had nothing to do with Islamic terror.
C) he had a criminal history of stealing from convenience stores, so it is a plausible label, though perhaps incorrect.
D) the latest administration seems loathe to address terrorism in a serious manner.

Question 15

President Carter championed human rights and encouraged the Shah to institute reforms. How did the Shah respond and what was the result?

A) The Shah responded by revealing their nuclear program to the United States, which forced Carter to take him more seriously.
B) The Shah carefully instituted the reforms and explained why it was beneficial to his people.
C) The Shah complied and this, seen as weakness on his part, would soon lead to large demonstrations calling for his resignation.
D) He attempted to improve things for the middle class by implementing a few Islamic laws to placate extremists in Iran.

Question 16

The library at Princeton had one slim volume by Khomeini, called the Government of the Jurist which spelled out the need for, the form and the program for establishing an Islamic government. Which of the following did this lead to when he came to power in Iran?

A) He instituted Sharia law.
B) He advocated the abolishment of democracy in all of the Middle East.
C) He became a state sponsor of terror.
D) Khomeini wrote more books about the purer forms of Islam.

Question 17

Which of the following is a shared belief by both Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, the Supreme Leader of Iran and the President of Iran, President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad?

A) A messianic figure, the Twelfth Imam, hidden by God centuries ago, will return during a time of death and destruction.
B) The world is not yet ready for Sharia law, but its implementation would save many lives.
C) Both believe that Iran, a majority of which are Sunni, should instead become Shia Muslims.
D) The Ayatollah believes that Iran should become a theocracy under his power and President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad has worked to change things.

Question 18

Who was the Blind Sheik, or Omar Abdul Rahman?

A) He was an aggressive recruiter for Al Qaeda in the United States. He managed to plan and execute an attempt to bring down the World Trade Center by bombing it on February 26, 1993.
B) His slogan was "Jihad and the rifle alone; no negotiations, no conferences, no dialogues" and he wished for a version of Islam that would dominate the world through the force of arms.
C) He wanted most of all to rid Egypt of its secular government though he also blamed the United States and the West in general for propping up the Egyptian government with aid.
D) He was a fortunate son of an extremely wealthy, hardworking, uneducated, illiterate construction magnate from Yemen who made his fortune in Saudi Arabia.

Question 19

Who was Abdullah Azzam?

A) He wanted most of all to rid Egypt of its secular government though he also blamed the United States and the West in general for propping up the Egyptian government with aid.
B) His slogan was "Jihad and the rifle alone; no negotiations, no conferences, no dialogues" and he wished for a version of Islam that would dominate the world through the force of arms.
C) He was a fortunate son of an extremely wealthy, hardworking, uneducated, illiterate construction magnate from Yemen who made his fortune in Saudi Arabia.
D) He was an aggressive recruiter for Al Qaeda in the United States. He managed to plan and execute an attempt to bring down the World Trade Center by bombing it on February 26, 1993.

Question 20

Ayman Al Zawahari wanted most of all to rid Egypt of its secular government though he also blamed the United States and the West in general for propping up the Egyptian government with aid.

Question 21

How was a faction of Zawahari's al-Jihad compromised in the early 1990s?

A) They let themselves become infiltrated by the FBI to try to give them false information but accidentally gave them correct information.
B) The membership director was arrested by Egyptian authorities and had in his possession a computer with names of several members.
C) Al-Jihad changed its focus from global jihad to jihad focused in Libya, and Al Qaeda felt betrayed so they were quickly ended.
D) The Iranian government turned them in because President Carter asked the Shah to make reforms against terrorism.

Question 22

On August 7, 1998 two United States Embassies were bombed on the same day with deadly results, one in Kenya and one in Tanzania; the actions of Al Qaeda were condemned around the world with members of the Islam horrified and the investigations proved they were behind the attacks. What was the purpose behind this seemingly senseless violence?

A) It sated Osama bin Laden's own bloodthirst.
B) Osama bin Laden believed it was to appease Allah, who demanded death to infidels.
C) The embassies in those countries had prevented mosques espousing Wahhabism to be built.
D) Osama bin Laden hoped it would lure the United States into Afghanistan.

Question 23

Clinton began the war on terror after the efforts of Osama Bin Laden forced him to.

Question 24

If the CIA had shared information it had and the FBI shared information it had with agents in the FBI, 9/11 would not have happened.

Question 25

Which of the following greatly aided in finding and finishing bin Laden?

A) the help of Pakistan in finding him a sanctuary nearby but later ratting him out
B) Obama gave funding to the military to create a secret special branch dedicated to finding bin Laden and bringing him to justice.
C) harsh interrogation techniques that some would characterize as torture
D) drones, such as the Reaper

Question 26

How was the NSA involved in deterring terrorism so effectively in the Obama Administration?

A) The NSA had been spying and data mining on virtually everyone with a program called Prism.
B) The Obama administration has asked the NSA and CIA to work together to combat terrorism - an unlikely partnership that has had impressive results.
C) The NSA actually came up with the drone program to eliminate terrorism.
D) President Obama gave much of the DHS and DNI authority to the NSA, who now leads antiterrorism and counter-terrorism efforts.

Question 27

Columbia has seen so much violence throughout its history that it even has an academic discipline that studies it: Violentology.

Question 28

How has FARC evolved over the years?

A) FARC had originally supported Capitalism but after seeing what it has done to the Western world, they believe that the Columbian government should become Communist.
B) Originally FARC was a separatist organization but they have since turned to Islam as a defining point of their platform as well.
C) They were a communist organization that seems to have forgotten their ideology. They have become a capitalist criminal organization.
D) They were a terrorist organization but since they gained autonomy they have become much more peaceful.

Question 29

FARC is responsible for which of the following incidents?

A) The bombing in May of 1964 of the Birmingham, Alabama 16th Street Baptist Church that resulted in the deaths of four children.
B) They bombed and planned more bombings trying to stop the U.S. Involvement in the Vietnam War.
C) The February 2002 kidnapping of a Colombian presidential candidate, Ingrid Betancourt, who was traveling in guerrilla territory.
D) One of their members was stopped by a police officer, John Frey, with the result that shots were exchanged, Officer John Frey was killed and the member was arrested, convicted and sent to prison.

Question 30

How was FARC diminished over time?

A) On April 22, 1997, government antiterrorism experts launched an attack on a residence taken captive by them. Using sophisticated listening devices to track the captor's presence, 140 troops, utilizing five tunnels dug under the residence, surprised and killed all of the captors, with one hostage dying in the attack. They never had as much influence afterwards.
B) The capture of Abimael Guzman on September 12, 1992 along with eight others and his computer that contained their membership roster, organizational structure and weapons caches. Then it was only a matter of tracking them down.
C) FBI director J. Edgar Hoover's aggressive and illegal counterintelligence program, police raids, infighting, and drugs.
D) The President of Columbia aggressively went after them using the support from Plan Columbia.

Question 31

Why is it that the current administration under President Santos has ignored the ELN's wishes to join current peace negotiations?

A) The ELN is a very powerful terrorist organization and he fears "negotiations" with them may turn hostile.
B) Columbian citizens see ELN as an extremist organization and everything they want is seen in many places as "stupid."
C) President Santos does not negotiate with drug organizations.
D) President Santos views them as less of a threat than FARC.

Question 32

Why was the AUC supported by the government, businessmen and wealthy landowners, among others?

A) They provided protection from the ELN and FARC, something the government was failing to do.
B) The AUC promised to bring a lot of wealth to Columbia in exchange for political support and ignoring their drug trafficking.
C) It was the era of state-sponsored terrorism in Columbia.
D) The AUC made Columbia look good in its antiterrorism efforts but did very little to actually stop terrorism.

Question 33

One activist, when asked why she did not speak out against the Peruvian government explained that "Quien habla es terrorista" ("Anyone who speaks out [in protest] is [considered to be] a terrorist").

Question 34

What brought about the end of the Shining Path?

A) The President of Columbia aggressively went after them using the support from Plan Columbia.
B) The capture of Abimael Guzman on September 12, 1992 along with eight others and his computer that contained their membership roster, organizational structure and weapons caches.
C) Three of their members were killed when a bomb they were assembling exploded on March 6, 1970.
D) On April 22, 1997, government antiterrorism experts launched an attack on a residence taken captive by them. Using sophisticated listening devices to track the captor's presence, 140 troops, utilizing five tunnels dug under the residence, surprised and killed all of the captors, with one hostage dying in the attack.

Question 35

Which of the following describes the group known as MRTA?

A) They came out of Oakland, California where they made headlines patrolling sections of the city that they believed were victimized frequently by police brutality.
B) They were committed to change and wanted to end the Viet Nam War, though they proved to be largely ineffective.
C) This group recognizes that they may physically reside in the United States they do not regard themselves as members of the United States.
D) Never cooperating with the Shining Path, it was much smaller in terms of numbers while pursuing the same goal, a Marxist society for Peru.

Question 36

Which of the following events ended MRTA's influence?

A) The capture of Abimael Guzman on September 12, 1992 along with eight others and his computer that contained their membership roster, organizational structure and weapons caches.
B) Three of their members were killed when a bomb they were assembling exploded on March 6, 1970.
C) On April 22, 1997, government antiterrorism experts launched an attack on a residence taken captive by them. Using sophisticated listening devices to track the captor's presence, 140 troops, utilizing five tunnels dug under the residence, surprised and killed all of the captors, with one hostage dying in the attack.
D) The President of Columbia aggressively went after them using the support from Plan Columbia.

Question 37

How do Peru's citizens feel about their military?

A) They appreciate their military since they have always been protected from threats of other violent countries.
B) The Peruvian military has been demonized for the abuses it heaped on suspected terrorists or their supporters.
C) The Peruvian military is not particularly helpful so they are seen as mostly a waste of money.
D) The citizens of Peru have seen little benefit from the military but the Peruvian military has actually been critical in preventing terrorist attacks.

Question 38

Canada has never taken terrorism seriously until 9/11 and they were very quick to respond and change after 9/11.

Question 39

Peru has made inroads against Shining Path and no longer needs to remain vigilant, as they are not a potential threat anymore.

Question 40

Which of the following is one of the two main thoughts at the core of the KKK?

A) Before the end of the world, slavery will become socially acceptable again.
B) God does not exist because black people would not exist if there truly was a God.
C) Race is real - just as a rock is a rock and a tree is a tree, a White is a White and a Black is a Black.
D) Just as Wizards were suspicious of non-human races in mythological Dark Age stories, members of the KKK are extremely wise, have magical abilities, and should seek to eliminate "non-human" races.

Question 41

What is the difference between the views on whites and blacks in the KKK?

A) Blacks are useful for manual labor but anything requiring thinking should be done by whites.
B) Whites are good people and although some blacks are good, the majority are considered evil.
C) Black people are much stronger than the weaker white people, who they refuse to protect.
D) Whites are civilization builders while people of color are civilization destroyers.

Question 42

What is the KKK view on Jews?

A) Jews, as long as they have white skin, are considered people.
B) Jews are not human, they are the children of Satan.
C) The KKK have no stance on Jews; they are only concerned with white supremacy and killing blacks.
D) They were seen less than favorably until World War II, and then the KKK decided that they had been punished enough.

Question 43

What do unmanned systems offer to democracies in battlefields?

A) The ability to spy on everyone and stop perceived crimes, whether or not a crime is actually going on.
B) The spread of democracy; they can eliminate opponents to democratic systems to enforce the democratic governments.
C) They offer the end of casualties on our own turf because with unmanned systems we can keep all the casualties in the Middle East.
D) Distinct casualty aversion because they are said to protect troops not merely by distancing but by removing them from the battlefield.

Question 44

What does surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) from the Reaper's unblinking eyes allow for?

A) It allows the reaper to fly in the outer atmosphere.
B) They save American lives but are more expensive than their inhabited counterparts.
C) The Reaper is actually cheaper but usually it is not as effective.
D) They can strike with enough precision to minimize or even avoid civilian casualties and unnecessary damage.

Question 45

What do Sauer and Schörnig say one might conclude that answering the development of drones with improvised explosive devices and suicide bombings - both sometimes regarded as cowardly ways of fighting - is a consequent reaction to?

A) The sheer impossibility of a 'fair' fight
B) IEDs and suicide bombings are a lot cheaper for terrorists than buying their own drones.
C) Martyrdom allows for more publicity
D) IEDs are capable of destroying drones

Question 46

How did the four individuals, Omar Abdul Rahman, Abdullah Azzam, Ayman Al-Zawahari, and Osama Bin Laden come together to terrorize the United States from the Middle East?

Question 47

Should drones be used to combat terrorism? Why or why not?