Deck 17: Inflammation and Immunity

Question 1

The student nurse is learning about the functions of different antibodies.Which principles does the student learn? (Select all that apply.)

A) IgA is found in high concentrations in secretions from mucous membranes.
B) IgD is present in the highest concentrations in mucous membranes.
C) IgE is associated with antibody-mediated hypersensitivity reactions.
D) IgG comprises the majority of the circulating antibody population.
E) IgM is the first antibody formed by a newly sensitized B cell.

Answer 1

IgA is found in high concentrations in secretions from mucous membranes.
IgE is associated with antibody-mediated hypersensitivity reactions.
IgG comprises the majority of the circulating antibody population.
IgM is the first antibody formed by a newly sensitized B cell.

Question 2

A student nurse is learning about the types of different cells involved in the inflammatory response.Which principles does the student learn? (Select all that apply.)

A) Basophils are only involved in the general inflammatory process.
B) Eosinophils increase during allergic reactions and parasitic invasion.
C) Macrophages can participate in many episodes of phagocytosis.
D) Monocytes turn into macrophages after they enter body tissues.
E) Neutrophils can only take part in one episode of phagocytosis.

Answer 2

Eosinophils increase during allergic reactions and parasitic invasion.
Macrophages can participate in many episodes of phagocytosis.
Monocytes turn into macrophages after they enter body tissues.
Neutrophils can only take part in one episode of phagocytosis.

Question 3

The nurse understands that which type of immunity is the longest acting?

A) Artificial active
B) Inflammatory
C) Natural active
D) Natural passive

Answer 3

Natural active

Question 4

A client receiving muromonab-CD3 (Orthoclone OKT3)asks the nurse how the drug works.What response by the nurse is best?

A) "It increases the elimination of T lymphocytes from circulation."
B) "It inhibits cytokine production in most lymphocytes."
C) "It prevents DNA synthesis, stopping cell division in activated lymphocytes."
D) "It prevents the activation of the lymphocytes responsible for rejection."

Question 5

A nurse is assessing a client for acute rejection of a kidney transplant.What assessment finding requires the most rapid communication with the provider?

A) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 18 mg/dL
B) Cloudy, foul-smelling urine
C) Creatinine of 3.9 mg/dL
D) Urine output of 340 mL/8 hr

Question 6

The nurse assesses clients for the cardinal signs of inflammation.Which signs/symptoms does this include? (Select all that apply.)

A) Edema
B) Pulselessness
C) Pallor
D) Redness
E) Warmth

Question 7

The nurse working with clients who have autoimmune diseases understands that what component of cell-mediated immunity is the problem?

A) CD4+ cells
B) Cytotoxic T cells
C) Natural killer cells
D) Suppressor T cells

Question 8

The student nurse learns that the most important function of inflammation and immunity is which purpose?

A) Destroying bacteria before damage occurs
B) Preventing any entry of foreign material
C) Providing protection against invading organisms
D) Regulating the process of self-tolerance

Question 9

For a person to be immunocompetent,which processes need to be functional and interact appropriately with each other? (Select all that apply.)

A) Antibody-mediated immunity
B) Cell-mediated immunity
C) Inflammation
D) Red blood cells
E) White blood cells

Question 10

Which are steps in the process of making an antigen-specific antibody? (Select all that apply.)

A) Antibody-antigen binding
B) Invasion
C) Opsonization
D) Recognition
E) Sensitization

Question 11

A nurse is assessing an older client for the presence of infection.The client's temperature is 97.6° F (36.4° C).What response by the nurse is best?

A) Assess the client for more specific signs.
B) Conclude that an infection is not present.
C) Document findings and continue to monitor.
D) Request that the provider order blood cultures.

Question 12

A client has a leg wound that is in the second stage of the inflammatory response.For what manifestation does the nurse assess?

A) Noticeable rubor
B) Purulent drainage
C) Swelling and pain
D) Warmth at the site

Question 13

A client is taking prednisone to prevent transplant rejection.What instruction by the nurse is most important?

A) "Avoid large crowds and people who are ill."
B) "Check over-the-counter meds for acetaminophen."
C) "Take this medicine exactly as prescribed."
D) "You have a higher risk of developing cancer."

Question 14

A nursing student learning about antibody-mediated immunity learns that the cell with the most direct role in this process begins development in which tissue or organ?

A) Bone marrow
B) Spleen
C) Thymus
D) Tonsils

Question 15

A client has been on dialysis for many years and now is receiving a kidney transplant.The client experiences hyperacute rejection.What treatment does the nurse prepare to facilitate?

A) Dialysis
B) High-dose steroid administration
C) Monoclonal antibody therapy
D) Plasmapheresis

Question 16

The nurse working in an organ transplantation program knows that which individual is typically the best donor of an organ?

A) Child
B) Identical twin
C) Parent
D) Same-sex sibling

Question 17

A client's white blood cell count is 7500/mm³.Calculate the expected range for this client's neutrophils.(Record your answer using whole numbers separated with a hyphen; do not use commas.)______/mm³

Question 18

An older adult has a mild temperature,night sweats,and productive cough.The client's tuberculin test comes back negative.What action by the nurse is best?

A) Recommend a pneumonia vaccination.
B) Teach the client about viral infections.
C) Tell the client to rest and drink plenty of fluids.
D) Treat the client as if he or she has tuberculosis (TB).

Question 19

A clinic nurse is working with an older client.What assessment is most important for preventing infections in this client?

A) Assessing vaccination records for booster shot needs
B) Encouraging the client to eat a nutritious diet
C) Instructing the client to wash minor wounds carefully
D) Teaching hand hygiene to prevent the spread of microbes