Deck 8: Mental Disorder: Urban Versus Rural Living and Migration

Question 1

The assumption that the stress of living in an urban area is responsible for higher rates of mental disorder is __________.

A) completely false
B) unfounded and biased
C) not entirely accurate
D) accurate and empirically supported

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Recent research suggests that mental disorders in general are most prevalent in __________ areas.

A) urban areas
B) rural areas
C) suburban areas
D) metropolitan areas

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Studies suggest that __________ disorders are more common in urban areas and __________ disorders are more common in rural areas.

A) personality; depressive
B) anxiety; schizophrenia
C) depressive; anxiety
D) schizophrenia; personality

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Rural values emphasize all of the following themes, except __________.

A) fatalism
B) distrust of outsiders
C) friendship ties
D) unhappiness

Question 5

Rural people, as compared to urban residents, tend to be more __________.

A) religious
B) informed
C) open-minded
D) tolerant

Question 6

Differences in urban-rural values are ___________ cause of differences in mental disorders.

A) the major
B) a minor
C) unrelated to the
D) not a significant

Question 7

__________, people in cities seem more content than those living elsewhere.

A) In the U.S.
B) In European nations
C) In Canada
D) Worldwide

Question 8

Individuals who live in cities are happier than others around the world. This can be explained by __________.

A) the economic opportunities available in cities
B) the better systems of social support
C) increased population density
D) a sense of neighborhood

Question 9

Webb and Collette's study of tranquilizers in New Zealand found that __________.

A) there was no difference in the size of the city and rates of prescriptions filled
B) there was a gender difference in rates of prescriptions filled
C) larger cities had lower rates of prescriptions filled
D) smaller cities had lower rates of prescriptions filled

Question 10

__________ disorders, compared to other mental disorders, are a particular problem in rural areas.

A) Anxiety
B) Depressive
C) Personality
D) Substance-related

Question 11

According to some research, overcrowding leads to more mental problems because __________.

A) the tension of crowded environments brings on stress that results in mental problems
B) people living in urban areas are more aggressive than those in rural areas
C) crowded areas cause some individuals to feel isolated
D) areas with high levels of density cause high levels of pressure

Question 12

One of the arguments for why there a relationship between depressive disorders and urban/rural status is __________.

A) rural residents have greater social isolation than do urban residents
B) urban residents have better access to medical care than do rural residents
C) rural residents struggle with the language barrier more than do urban residents
D) urban residents are less likely to be unemployed than are rural residents

Question 13

When the effects of overcrowding are considered, which variables appears to be most important?

A) overcrowding in schools
B) overcrowding in the home
C) overcrowding in the neighborhood
D) overcrowding in hospitals

Question 14

Kasl and Harburg's Detroit research suggests that overcrowding has a __________ effect on mental disorder.

A) strong
B) weak
C) complicated
D) simple

Question 15

In crowded living environments, __________ are more likely to be depressed and __________ are more likely to show higher levels of psychological withdrawal.

A) women; women
B) women; men
C) men; women
D) men; men

Question 16

The relationship between urban/rural and schizophrenia is likely tied to __________.

A) social class
B) race
C) gender
D) employment

Question 17

The Ross research of neighborhoods found that higher levels of depression were found in __________ neighborhoods.

A) advantaged
B) disadvantaged
C) crowded
D) uncrowded

Question 18

According to the Ross research, while more than half of the difference in depression rates was due to __________ traits, the remainder resulted from disadvantaged neighborhood.

A) hereditary
B) individual
C) physical
D) structural

Question 19

According to Desjarlais and his associates, __________ is a key factor in the relationship between migration and mental disorder.

A) appropriate legal advice
B) social class
C) adequate social support networks
D) successful adaption to the migration experience

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct conclusion about the relationship between migration and mental disorder?

A) The migration experience causes mental disorder for most migrants.
B) The migration experience causes mental disorder for most international migrants.
C) The migration experience causes mental disorder for most racial minority migrants.
D) The migration experience does not cause mental disorder for most migrants.

Question 21

In their study of Chicago census tracks, Gove and associated found that __________ were strongly related to poor mental health.

A) objective crowding
B) subjective crowding
C) both objective and subjective crowding
D) neither objective nor subjective crowding

Question 22

The relationship between mental disorder and urban areas is __________.

A) direct only
B) indirect only
C) perhaps direct and/or indirect
D) neither direct nor indirect

Question 23

In their research on neighborhood disadvantage, Ross and Mirowsky found that __________ in threatening and dangerous neighborhoods did little to weaken the relationship between neighborhood and mental disorder.

A) support provided by social networks
B) adequate police supervision
C) good educational systems
D) local mental health facilities

Question 24

Which of the following statements is accurate regarding international migration and mental disorder?

A) Foreign-born persons have higher rates of mental disorder than do native-born persons.
B) Immigrants from poorer nations have higher rates of mental disorder than those from richer nations.
C) The migration experience causes higher rates of mental disorder among immigrants.
D) Second-generation immigrants have higher rates of mental disorder than third- or later-generation immigrants.

Question 25

Migration studies are __________.

A) too selective
B) biased
C) inconclusive
D) unfounded

Question 26

What is the role of neighborhood disadvantage in mental disorder?

Question 27

What is the role of overcrowding in mental disorder?

Question 28

The chapter concludes by saying, "Migration studies are inconclusive." Outline the evidence supporting this statement.

Question 29

How is urban/rural status related to mental disorder?

Question 30

What are the explanations for the differences in mental disorder by residential status?