Deck 13: Psychology Gets “Personality”: Allport, Maslow, and the Broadening Field

Question 1

Hans Eysenck's personality theory emphasizes which three factors?

A) extraversion/introversion, emotionality, psychoticism
B) extraversion/introversion, neuroticism, trustworthiness
C) extraversion/introversion, neuroticism, psychoticism
D) extraversion/introversion, sociability, neuroticism

Answer 1

extraversion/introversion, neuroticism, psychoticism

Question 2

Abraham Maslow recalled that his own early life

A) was full of obstacles to be overcome, which made him particularly receptive to the ideas of Alfred Adler.
B) was generally happy and secure, so he could easily pursue the "higher" needs from his hierarchy.
C) was characterized by strong sibling rivalry, which made him receptive to psychoanalytic theory.
D) was quite unhappy, leading him to wonder where his mature, "positive psychology" ever came from.

Answer 2

was quite unhappy, leading him to wonder where his mature, "positive psychology" ever came from.

Question 3

William Stern promoted a(n)__________ psychology where a central focus was on __________.

A) social; the behavior of individuals in groups
B) nomothetic; the construction of personality tests
C) personalistic; the individual person
D) analytical; uncovering the collective unconscious

Answer 3

personalistic; the individual person

Question 4

Besides personality theory,Gordon Allport made significant contributions to the study of what?

A) religion and prejudice
B) giftedness and retardation
C) social facilitation and crowd behavior
D) moral development

Question 5

As a student,Gordon Allport was influenced by his teacher Münsterberg's conception of psychology as

A) a dual discipline having both an objective-causal and a subjective-purposive side.
B) a socially relevant but still behavioristic discipline.
C) a discipline that could be both clinical and experimental.
D) a discipline that could be both objective and mechanistic.

Question 6

The word "personality" entered psychological terminology largely as a replacement for which older term?

A) character
B) temperament
C) personal disposition
D) psychological makeup

Question 7

Gordon Allport effectively promoted all of the following concepts EXCEPT

A) the contact hypothesis.
B) the hierarchy of needs.
C) mature vs. immature religion.
D) functional autonomy.

Question 8

What is the term for Gordon Allport's notion that although motives may originate in childhood,they may be maintained or even strengthened in the mature personality because they have become reinforcing or rewarding in their own right?

A) autonomous ego functioning
B) the contact hypothesis
C) relational individuality
D) functional autonomy of motives

Question 9

Of the following methods,which did Allport's 1937 personality textbook argue was "the most revealing of all"?

A) the case study method
B) a multidimensional questionnaire or survey study
C) an experimental study with clearly defined independent and dependent variables
D) a correlational study of trait names

Question 10

What is Henry Murray is well known for?

A) his establishment of the Big Five theory of personality
B) his co-invention of the Thematic Apperception Test
C) his development of the PEN personality theory
D) his creation of the inkblot personality test

Question 11

David McClelland and his colleagues measured the "needs" for affiliation,achievement,and power with which instrument?

A) the TAT
B) the Rorschach test
C) 16PF test
D) the word association test

Question 12

Gordon Allport's important collaborative projects included all of the following EXCEPT

A) "A Study of Values" with Phillip Vernon
B) the "PEN" model of personality with Hans Eysenck
C) a survey of trait names with Henry Odbert
D) investigations of prejudice with Thomas Pettigrew

Question 13

Who among the following was not a major influence on Gordon Allport's early career?

A) Alfred Adler
B) William Stern
C) Hugo Münsterberg
D) Floyd Allport

Question 14

Gordon and Floyd Allport's early work on personality was notable for what?

A) producing the first fully validated "personality test"
B) discussing the concept of "personality" more systematically than had been done before
C) emphasizing the notion of "character" differences
D) stressing the importance of nomothetic research methods

Question 15

Gordon Allport's youthful encounter with Freud left him with which conviction?

A) that psychoanalysis could provide the essential foundation for a psychology of "personality"
B) that he himself was an example of a well-adjusted "anal personality"
C) that "depth psychologies" were not always appropriate for dealing with normal individuals
D) that personality traits have their basis in childhood experiences

Question 16

Gordon Allport identified and promoted which of the following pairs of contrasting research styles in personality?

A) monothetic and pluralistic
B) nomothetic and idiosyncratic
C) idiographic and idiosyncratic
D) nomothetic and idiographic

Question 17

What type of research methodology did Cattell use in order to create the 16PF questionnaire?

A) controlled experiment
B) survey research
C) naturalistic observation
D) factor analysis

Question 18

Maslow's dissertation research on monkeys and motivation supported which conclusion?

A) Sexual and dominance motivations were independent of each other and did not interact.
B) The drive for dominance was just one aspect of a more general sexual instinct.
C) The sex drive was just one aspect of a more general drive for dominance.
D) Dominance and sexuality were separate but interacting motivations, and in practice dominance usually predominated over pure sexuality.

Question 19

Abraham Maslow's original enthusiasm for becoming a psychologist was aroused by what?

A) Gordon Allport's theories of personality
B) John B. Watson's behaviorism
C) Max Wertheimer's Gestalt psychology
D) E. B. Titchener's structuralism

Question 20

Following psychoanalysis and behaviorism,what became classified as the "third force" in psychology?

A) cognitive psychology
B) humanistic psychology
C) evolutionary psychology
D) clinical psychology

Question 21

Gordon Allport's earliest work on personality focused largely on which of the following concepts?

A) prejudice
B) religious values
C) traits
D) idiographic research methods

Question 22

Which one of the following was Abraham Maslow's Ph.D.dissertation supervisor at the University of Wisconsin?

A) Harry Harlow
B) Gordon Allport
C) Kurt Goldstein
D) Clark Hull

Question 23

What question did Sigmund Freud ask Gordon Allport that made a lasting impression on him?

A) What is your earliest childhood memory?
B) Was that little boy you?
C) Why do you hate your brother?
D) Why do you use the term "character"?

Question 24

What was Maslow's late term for an ideal,utopian society inhabited by self-actualized people?

A) Walden Two
B) Erewhon
C) Eupsychia
D) The Brave New World

Question 25

Carl Rogers effectively promoted which of the following?

A) a client-centered therapy stressing unconditional positive regard
B) an individual psychotherapy stressing the overcoming of inferiority
C) an existential therapy stressing the search for meaning
D) a Gestalt therapy stressing the search for insight

Question 26

Gordon Allport and Abraham Maslow both had significant negative early personal experiences with which of the following important psychologists?

A) Edward B. Titchener
B) Sigmund Freud
C) John B. Watson
D) Alfred Adler

Question 27

What was William Stern's term for a kind of "individuality" defined by a person's relative or statistical positions on a large number of separately measured traits?

A) an identity profile
B) statistical individuality
C) real individuality
D) relational individuality

Question 28

Which of the following is the correct order of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs,beginning at the bottom?

A) esteem needs, physiological needs, safety needs, love/belonging needs, self-actualization
B) physiological needs, love/belonging needs, safety needs, esteem needs, self-actualization
C) physiological needs, safety needs, love/belonging needs, esteem needs, self-actualization
D) safety needs, physiological needs, love/belonging needs, esteem needs, self-actualization

Question 29

Which of the following was a major psychological term that Maslow adopted following his interaction with Max Wertheimer?

A) the hierarchy of motives
B) the inferiority complex
C) cognitive psychology
D) peak experiences

Question 30

Which one of the following psychologists was a pioneer in the factor analysis of personality traits?

A) Henry Murray
B) William Stern
C) David McClelland
D) Raymond Cattell

Question 31

Which of the following are Maslow's original two examples of people he regarded as self-actualized personalities?

A) Harry Harlow and William Sheldon
B) Ruth Benedict and Max Wertheimer
C) Alfred Adler and Kurt Goldstein
D) Carl Rogers and Gordon Allport

Question 32

Which one of the following psychologists suggested that,in general,situational factors may be more important than personality traits in determining a person's behavior?

A) Walter Mischel
B) Phillip Zimbardo
C) Hans Eysenck
D) Henry Murray

Question 33

What was the title of an important book written by Erich Fromm?

A) Patterns of Culture
B) Escape from Freedom
C) Motivation and Personality
D) Individual Psychology

Question 34

Ruth Benedict was notable for which of the following?

A) the notion that culture could be thought of as "personality writ large"
B) promoting the concept of a humanistic psychology
C) suggesting to Maslow the term "self-actualization"
D) developing and promoting existential psychotherapy

Question 35

From which of the following figures did Maslow borrow the term "self-actualization"?

A) Kurt Goldstein
B) Harry Harlow
C) Gordon Allport
D) Erich Fromm

Question 36

What was the primary reason Maslow had trouble obtaining his first full-time university position?

A) his slowness to finish and publish his dissertation
B) the controversial nature of his dissertation findings
C) the prevalence of anti-Semitic attitudes at the time
D) a theoretical dispute he had with Edward Thorndike

Question 37

Maslow's mentors during his postgraduate experience in the "New Athens" of New York City included all of the following EXCEPT

A) Ruth Benedict.
B) Erich Fromm.
C) Karen Horney.
D) John B. Watson.

Question 38

The practice of using psychoanalytic and other psychological concepts to interpret and illuminate an individual's life story is referred to as which of the following?

A) personalistic psychology
B) idiographic psychology
C) psychobiography
D) personology

Question 39

In whom did Maslow find two important allies in his effort to establish of a humanistic,third force in psychology?

A) Gordon Allport and Henry Murray
B) Carl Rogers and Rollo May
C) Alfred Adler and William Sheldon
D) Gardner Lindzey and Ross Stagner

Question 40

__________ was a major controversy that preoccupied many personality psychologists in the 1970s and early 1980s.

A) the idiographic-nomothetic controversy
B) the person-situation controversy
C) the nature-nurture controversy
D) the PEN-OCEAN controversy

Question 41

From whom did Maslow learn about the importance of peak experiences and "Aha moments"?

A) William Sheldon
B) Alfred Adler
C) Max Wertheimer
D) Gordon Allport

Question 42

Maslow's theory of human motivations is traditionally depicted with which image?

A) a ladder with the highest rungs representing the highest motives
B) a chain, in which abnormal motives are designated as weak links
C) a house, in which self-actualization is the foundation on which the rest is built
D) a pyramid with physiological needs at the base and self-actualization at the top

Question 43

Match the definition with the term.
relational individuality

A)a gestalt-like conception of each person's unique and unified self that is greater than the sum of its individual characteristics
B)a person's relative or statistical positions on a large variety of separately measured personality traits
C)the state achieved by motives that may have originated in childhood,but are maintained because they have become reinforcing or rewarding in their own right and are thus independent of their origins
D)the term used to describe habitual patterns of behavior,temperament,intelligence,sociality,and emotion that differentiate one person from another

Question 44

Match the definition with the term.
personality psychology

A)a "third force" in psychology focused on positive motivation,the potential for growth,the need for self-actualization,and the creation of meaning
B)an approach to psychology in which the central concept is the person as an indi-vidual and the main goal is understanding each person's individuality
C)an approach to psychology involving the intensive study of relatively small num-bers of individual cases,using tests,interviews,and other methods
D)an important psychological subdiscipline that studies the nature of human indi-viduality and uses methodologies ranging from individual case studies through large-scale statistical analyses of the interrelationships among numerous traits

Question 45

With which of the following concepts is Martin Seligman most closely associated?

A) humanistic psychology
B) nomothetic psychology
C) third force psychology
D) positive psychology

Question 46

Match the definition with the term.
personology

A)a "third force" in psychology focused on positive motivation,the potential for growth,the need for self-actualization,and the creation of meaning
B)an approach to psychology in which the central concept is the person as an indi-vidual and the main goal is understanding each person's individuality
C)an approach to psychology involving the intensive study of relatively small num-bers of individual cases,using tests,interviews,and other methods
D)an important psychological subdiscipline that studies the nature of human indi-viduality and uses methodologies ranging from individual case studies through large-scale statistical analyses of the interrelationships among numerous traits

Question 47

Match the definition with the term.
Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF)

A)a contemporary personality theory developed from factor-analytic trait studies that considers the personality factors of Openness,Conscientiousness,Extrover-sion,Agreeableness,and Neuroticism to be the major building blocks of personali-ty
B)a personality model that describes personality in terms of the three primary di-mensions of psychoticism,extraversion-introversion,and neuroticism
C)a projective personality test consisting of a series of 32 black-and-white pictures or photographs depicting ambiguous but potentially dramatic scenes,about which a subject has to make up a story,including a description of what is happening,what led up to it,and how the situation turned out
D)an easily administered multiple-choice test developed by Raymond B.Cattell,based on the factor analysis of the intercorrelation among many trait measures,that assesses basic dimensions of personality

Question 48

How is Carl Rogers's therapeutic technique of reflection best defined?

A) thinking deeply about possible early origins of a troublesome symptom
B) the therapist's searching his or her own past for experiences similar the client's
C) mirroring back what the client has said but using different words
D) looking for gestalt-like patterns in the client's life story

Question 49

Match the definition with the term.
real individuality

A)a gestalt-like conception of each person's unique and unified self that is greater than the sum of its individual characteristics
B)a person's relative or statistical positions on a large variety of separately measured personality traits
C)the state achieved by motives that may have originated in childhood,but are maintained because they have become reinforcing or rewarding in their own right and are thus independent of their origins
D)the term used to describe habitual patterns of behavior,temperament,intelligence,sociality,and emotion that differentiate one person from another

Question 50

The "quest for meaning" is a particularly prominent theme in which of the following?

A) Carl Roger's client-centered therapy
B) Rollo May's existential psychotherapy
C) Max Wertheimer's Gestalt psychotherapy
D) Karen Horney's psychosocial psychotherapy

Question 51

Match the definition with the term.
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

A)a contemporary personality theory developed from factor-analytic trait studies that considers the personality factors of Openness,Conscientiousness,Extrover-sion,Agreeableness,and Neuroticism to be the major building blocks of personali-ty
B)a personality model that describes personality in terms of the three primary di-mensions of psychoticism,extraversion-introversion,and neuroticism
C)a projective personality test consisting of a series of 32 black-and-white pictures or photographs depicting ambiguous but potentially dramatic scenes,about which a subject has to make up a story,including a description of what is happening,what led up to it,and how the situation turned out
D)an easily administered multiple-choice test developed by Raymond B.Cattell,based on the factor analysis of the intercorrelation among many trait measures,that assesses basic dimensions of personality

Question 52

Match the definition with the term.
functional autonomy

A)a gestalt-like conception of each person's unique and unified self that is greater than the sum of its individual characteristics
B)a person's relative or statistical positions on a large variety of separately measured personality traits
C)the state achieved by motives that may have originated in childhood,but are maintained because they have become reinforcing or rewarding in their own right and are thus independent of their origins
D)the term used to describe habitual patterns of behavior,temperament,intelligence,sociality,and emotion that differentiate one person from another

Question 53

Match the definition with the term.
Big Five

A)a contemporary personality theory developed from factor-analytic trait studies that considers the personality factors of Openness,Conscientiousness,Extrover-sion,Agreeableness,and Neuroticism to be the major building blocks of personali-ty
B)a personality model that describes personality in terms of the three primary di-mensions of psychoticism,extraversion-introversion,and neuroticism
C)a projective personality test consisting of a series of 32 black-and-white pictures or photographs depicting ambiguous but potentially dramatic scenes,about which a subject has to make up a story,including a description of what is happening,what led up to it,and how the situation turned out
D)an easily administered multiple-choice test developed by Raymond B.Cattell,based on the factor analysis of the intercorrelation among many trait measures,that assesses basic dimensions of personality

Question 54

Match the definition with the term.
nomothetic methods

A)a set of statistical procedures in which the intercorrelation of large numbers of in-dividual variables can be reduced to smaller clusters,or principal components
B)investigate and describe what it is that makes a given person unique,an approach that is more likely to be qualitative than quantitative
C)study people in terms of general dimensions or characteristics on which they vary to quantitatively specifiable degrees

Question 55

Match the definition with the term.
personalistic psychology

A)a "third force" in psychology focused on positive motivation,the potential for growth,the need for self-actualization,and the creation of meaning
B)an approach to psychology in which the central concept is the person as an indi-vidual and the main goal is understanding each person's individuality
C)an approach to psychology involving the intensive study of relatively small num-bers of individual cases,using tests,interviews,and other methods
D)an important psychological subdiscipline that studies the nature of human indi-viduality and uses methodologies ranging from individual case studies through large-scale statistical analyses of the interrelationships among numerous traits

Question 56

Match the definition with the term.
traits

A)a gestalt-like conception of each person's unique and unified self that is greater than the sum of its individual characteristics
B)a person's relative or statistical positions on a large variety of separately measured personality traits
C)the state achieved by motives that may have originated in childhood,but are maintained because they have become reinforcing or rewarding in their own right and are thus independent of their origins
D)the term used to describe habitual patterns of behavior,temperament,intelligence,sociality,and emotion that differentiate one person from another

Question 57

Match the definition with the term.
PEN model

A)a contemporary personality theory developed from factor-analytic trait studies that considers the personality factors of Openness,Conscientiousness,Extrover-sion,Agreeableness,and Neuroticism to be the major building blocks of personali-ty
B)a personality model that describes personality in terms of the three primary di-mensions of psychoticism,extraversion-introversion,and neuroticism
C)a projective personality test consisting of a series of 32 black-and-white pictures or photographs depicting ambiguous but potentially dramatic scenes,about which a subject has to make up a story,including a description of what is happening,what led up to it,and how the situation turned out
D)an easily administered multiple-choice test developed by Raymond B.Cattell,based on the factor analysis of the intercorrelation among many trait measures,that assesses basic dimensions of personality

Question 58

Match the definition with the term.
humanistic psychology

A)a "third force" in psychology focused on positive motivation,the potential for growth,the need for self-actualization,and the creation of meaning
B)an approach to psychology in which the central concept is the person as an indi-vidual and the main goal is understanding each person's individuality
C)an approach to psychology involving the intensive study of relatively small num-bers of individual cases,using tests,interviews,and other methods
D)an important psychological subdiscipline that studies the nature of human indi-viduality and uses methodologies ranging from individual case studies through large-scale statistical analyses of the interrelationships among numerous traits

Question 59

Match the definition with the term.
factor analysis

A)a set of statistical procedures in which the intercorrelation of large numbers of in-dividual variables can be reduced to smaller clusters,or principal components
B)investigate and describe what it is that makes a given person unique,an approach that is more likely to be qualitative than quantitative
C)study people in terms of general dimensions or characteristics on which they vary to quantitatively specifiable degrees

Question 60

Match the definition with the term.
idiographic methods

A)a set of statistical procedures in which the intercorrelation of large numbers of in-dividual variables can be reduced to smaller clusters,or principal components
B)investigate and describe what it is that makes a given person unique,an approach that is more likely to be qualitative than quantitative
C)study people in terms of general dimensions or characteristics on which they vary to quantitatively specifiable degrees

Question 61

Match the definition with the term.
positive psychology

A)a broad movement to establish humanistic psychology as an alternative to behav-iorism and psychoanalysis
B)a form of psychotherapy that emphasizes the quest for meaning in life as the par-amount issue for modern humanity
C)an area of modern psychology that studies psychological health and the condi-tions that promote happiness
D)therapeutic model in which the validity of particular insights should be deter-mined not by their conformity with the therapist's pre-existing views but by his clients themselves

Question 62

Match the definition with the term.
self-actualization

A)a psychotherapeutic technique that entails mirroring back to the client the sub-stance of what he or she says,but in different words that encourage deeper explo-ration of the issues expressed
B)concept denoting the strong feelings of joy and other positive emotions that often accompany those "Aha" moments when suddenly the world is perceived in a new and appreciative way
C)Maslow's term for a utopian society in which every human has the ability to be-come self-actualized and reach his or her full potential
D)the tendency of psychologically healthy people to fulfill their potential

Question 63

Match the definition with the term.
belonging and love needs

A)the most elemental needs,including food and shelter,whose lack of satisfaction is physically catastrophic for the individual and which dominate every other concern if unmet
B)the motives to obtain affection,friendship,and a sense of membership within a social group
C)the need to be protected from threats by predators,criminals,extremes of climate and temperature,or other hazardous environmental circumstances
D)the needs for self-respect and personal achievement that become salient once more basic needs are met

Question 64

Match the publication with its author.
Gordon Allport

A)Escape from Freedom
B)Motivation and Personality
C)Patterns of Culture
D)Personality: A Psychological Interpretation
E)Personality and Assessment

Question 65

Match the definition with the term.
client-centered therapy

A)a broad movement to establish humanistic psychology as an alternative to behav-iorism and psychoanalysis
B)a form of psychotherapy that emphasizes the quest for meaning in life as the par-amount issue for modern humanity
C)an area of modern psychology that studies psychological health and the condi-tions that promote happiness
D)therapeutic model in which the validity of particular insights should be deter-mined not by their conformity with the therapist's pre-existing views but by his clients themselves

Question 66

Match the idea with the individual.
Gordon Allport

A)client-centered therapy
B)contact hypothesis
C)existential psychotherapy
D)hierarchy of needs
E)PEN model

Question 67

Match the definition with the term.
Third Force

A)a broad movement to establish humanistic psychology as an alternative to behav-iorism and psychoanalysis
B)a form of psychotherapy that emphasizes the quest for meaning in life as the par-amount issue for modern humanity
C)an area of modern psychology that studies psychological health and the condi-tions that promote happiness
D)therapeutic model in which the validity of particular insights should be deter-mined not by their conformity with the therapist's pre-existing views but by his clients themselves

Question 68

Match the idea with the individual.
Abraham Maslow

A)client-centered therapy
B)contact hypothesis
C)existential psychotherapy
D)hierarchy of needs
E)PEN model

Question 69

Match the idea with the individual.
Carl Rogers

A)client-centered therapy
B)contact hypothesis
C)existential psychotherapy
D)hierarchy of needs
E)PEN model

Question 70

Match the definition with the term.
peak experience

A)a psychotherapeutic technique that entails mirroring back to the client the sub-stance of what he or she says,but in different words that encourage deeper explo-ration of the issues expressed
B)concept denoting the strong feelings of joy and other positive emotions that often accompany those "Aha" moments when suddenly the world is perceived in a new and appreciative way
C)Maslow's term for a utopian society in which every human has the ability to be-come self-actualized and reach his or her full potential
D)the tendency of psychologically healthy people to fulfill their potential

Question 71

Match the definition with the term.
existential psychotherapy

A)a broad movement to establish humanistic psychology as an alternative to behav-iorism and psychoanalysis
B)a form of psychotherapy that emphasizes the quest for meaning in life as the par-amount issue for modern humanity
C)an area of modern psychology that studies psychological health and the condi-tions that promote happiness
D)therapeutic model in which the validity of particular insights should be deter-mined not by their conformity with the therapist's pre-existing views but by his clients themselves

Question 72

Match the publication with its author.
Erich Fromm

A)Escape from Freedom
B)Motivation and Personality
C)Patterns of Culture
D)Personality: A Psychological Interpretation
E)Personality and Assessment

Question 73

Match the publication with its author.
Ruth Benedict

A)Escape from Freedom
B)Motivation and Personality
C)Patterns of Culture
D)Personality: A Psychological Interpretation
E)Personality and Assessment

Question 74

Match the definition with the term.
physiological needs

A)the most elemental needs,including food and shelter,whose lack of satisfaction is physically catastrophic for the individual and which dominate every other concern if unmet
B)the motives to obtain affection,friendship,and a sense of membership within a social group
C)the need to be protected from threats by predators,criminals,extremes of climate and temperature,or other hazardous environmental circumstances
D)the needs for self-respect and personal achievement that become salient once more basic needs are met

Question 75

Match the definition with the term.
reflection

A)a psychotherapeutic technique that entails mirroring back to the client the sub-stance of what he or she says,but in different words that encourage deeper explo-ration of the issues expressed
B)concept denoting the strong feelings of joy and other positive emotions that often accompany those "Aha" moments when suddenly the world is perceived in a new and appreciative way
C)Maslow's term for a utopian society in which every human has the ability to be-come self-actualized and reach his or her full potential
D)the tendency of psychologically healthy people to fulfill their potential

Question 76

Match the definition with the term.
esteem needs

A)the most elemental needs,including food and shelter,whose lack of satisfaction is physically catastrophic for the individual and which dominate every other concern if unmet
B)the motives to obtain affection,friendship,and a sense of membership within a social group
C)the need to be protected from threats by predators,criminals,extremes of climate and temperature,or other hazardous environmental circumstances
D)the needs for self-respect and personal achievement that become salient once more basic needs are met

Question 77

Match the definition with the term.
eupsychia

A)a psychotherapeutic technique that entails mirroring back to the client the sub-stance of what he or she says,but in different words that encourage deeper explo-ration of the issues expressed
B)concept denoting the strong feelings of joy and other positive emotions that often accompany those "Aha" moments when suddenly the world is perceived in a new and appreciative way
C)Maslow's term for a utopian society in which every human has the ability to be-come self-actualized and reach his or her full potential
D)the tendency of psychologically healthy people to fulfill their potential

Question 78

Match the publication with its author.
Abraham Maslow

A)Escape from Freedom
B)Motivation and Personality
C)Patterns of Culture
D)Personality: A Psychological Interpretation
E)Personality and Assessment

Question 79

Match the definition with the term.
safety needs

A)the most elemental needs,including food and shelter,whose lack of satisfaction is physically catastrophic for the individual and which dominate every other concern if unmet
B)the motives to obtain affection,friendship,and a sense of membership within a social group
C)the need to be protected from threats by predators,criminals,extremes of climate and temperature,or other hazardous environmental circumstances
D)the needs for self-respect and personal achievement that become salient once more basic needs are met

Question 80

Match the publication with its author.
Walter Mischel

A)Escape from Freedom
B)Motivation and Personality
C)Patterns of Culture
D)Personality: A Psychological Interpretation
E)Personality and Assessment