Deck 6: Factions Today: Interest Groups and Political Parties
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Deck 6: Factions Today: Interest Groups and Political Parties
1
What is party identification?
A) The ability to identify his or her preferred party from a long list
B) Another name for the concept of "ideology"
C) The emotional commitment of a voter to his or her preferred party
D) Commit to freedom and equality as key elements of the political culture
A) The ability to identify his or her preferred party from a long list
B) Another name for the concept of "ideology"
C) The emotional commitment of a voter to his or her preferred party
D) Commit to freedom and equality as key elements of the political culture
D
2
What is presidential success as reported by the Congressional Quarterly?
A) The proportion of Electoral College votes won by the successful candidate
B) The proportion of votes in Congress, on legislative proposals on which the president took a clear position, which were in support of the president's position
C) The proportion of executive orders upheld through congressional legislation
D) The proportion of vetoes sustained within the Congress
A) The proportion of Electoral College votes won by the successful candidate
B) The proportion of votes in Congress, on legislative proposals on which the president took a clear position, which were in support of the president's position
C) The proportion of executive orders upheld through congressional legislation
D) The proportion of vetoes sustained within the Congress
B
3
Which of the following is not a previous occupation of many lobbyists?
A) Military
B) Congress member
C) Bureaucrat
D) Scientist
A) Military
B) Congress member
C) Bureaucrat
D) Scientist
D
4
The occupations of the Occupy Wall Street movement were defended based on the First Amendment ___ .
A) prohibition that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof."
B) prohibition that "Congress shall make no law . . . abridging the freedom of the press."
C) "right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances."
D) All of the above
A) prohibition that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof."
B) prohibition that "Congress shall make no law . . . abridging the freedom of the press."
C) "right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances."
D) All of the above
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5
The Occupy Wall Street movement was characterized by ___ .
A) absence of a leadership structure
B) decision making by election of representatives
C) a focused set of complaints
D) All of the above
A) absence of a leadership structure
B) decision making by election of representatives
C) a focused set of complaints
D) All of the above
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6
Which one of the following responses is true regarding political protestors and city governments and the police?
A) Protestors argue that the right to assemble and petition should be more limited and city governments and the police tend to agree.
B) Protestors argue that the right to assemble and petition should be viewed broadly, but city governments and the police tend to prefer that the right be more limited.
C) Protestors argue that the right to assemble and petition should be more limited, but city governments and the police tend to prefer that the right be viewed more broadly.
D) Protestors argue that the right to assemble and petition should be viewed broadly and city governments and the police tend to agree.
A) Protestors argue that the right to assemble and petition should be more limited and city governments and the police tend to agree.
B) Protestors argue that the right to assemble and petition should be viewed broadly, but city governments and the police tend to prefer that the right be more limited.
C) Protestors argue that the right to assemble and petition should be more limited, but city governments and the police tend to prefer that the right be viewed more broadly.
D) Protestors argue that the right to assemble and petition should be viewed broadly and city governments and the police tend to agree.
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7
In the case of Dejonge v. Oregon (1937), the Supreme Court established the modern meaning of the right to ___ .
A) religious worship
B) defense counsel
C) bear arms
D) peaceably assemble
A) religious worship
B) defense counsel
C) bear arms
D) peaceably assemble
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8
In the case of National Socialist Party v. Skokie (1977), the Supreme Court held that ___ .
A) hate speech is free speech and thus must be permitted
B) hate speech is not free speech and thus may be restricted
C) free speech is hate speech and thus must be permitted
D) free speech is not hate speech and thus may be restricted
A) hate speech is free speech and thus must be permitted
B) hate speech is not free speech and thus may be restricted
C) free speech is hate speech and thus must be permitted
D) free speech is not hate speech and thus may be restricted
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9
In the presidential election of 2016, the __________rose up and demanded that the political system be changed to better represent them and reflect their views, interests, and needs.
A) insiders
B) outsiders
C) elites
D) proletariat
A) insiders
B) outsiders
C) elites
D) proletariat
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10
In the presidential election of 2016, Donald Trump was elected by the ___ .
A) insiders
B) outsiders
C) elites
D) proletariat
A) insiders
B) outsiders
C) elites
D) proletariat
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11
To explain contemporary interest group politics, the theory of elitism contends that well-funded interest groups are much more likely to form, win access, and exercise influence on behalf of the interests of ___ .
A) the wealthy and the prominent
B) the poor and the humble
C) the Southerners and the Westerners
D) the Northerners and the Easterners
A) the wealthy and the prominent
B) the poor and the humble
C) the Southerners and the Westerners
D) the Northerners and the Easterners
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12
The rallying cry of populism has always been ___ .
A) "the elites" against "the people"
B) "the elites" with "the people"
C) "the people" against "the elites"
D) "the people" with "the elites"
A) "the elites" against "the people"
B) "the elites" with "the people"
C) "the people" against "the elites"
D) "the people" with "the elites"
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13
In the presidential election of 2016, Donald Trump's call to "drain the swamp" was most closely associated with which explanatory theory of politics?
A) pluralism
B) elitism
C) populism
D) liberalism
A) pluralism
B) elitism
C) populism
D) liberalism
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14
Which one of the following types of interest groups deals with a benefit that is not non-excludable?
A) clean government groups
B) health insurance groups
C) education reform groups
D) consumer safety groups
A) clean government groups
B) health insurance groups
C) education reform groups
D) consumer safety groups
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15
When an interest group succeeds in influencing the implementation of a public policy from which we all benefit whether or not we contributed to the group's efforts, the benefit it is understood as ___ .
A) non-deductible
B) excludable
C) non-excludable
D) deductible
A) non-deductible
B) excludable
C) non-excludable
D) deductible
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16
When an interest group succeeds in influencing the implementation of a public policy from which we all benefit but without our contribution to the group's efforts, we are understood as ___ .
A) "interlopers"
B) "free-riders"
C) "deceivers"
D) "cheaters"
A) "interlopers"
B) "free-riders"
C) "deceivers"
D) "cheaters"
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17
Which one of the following is not one of the three broad categories of reasons why individuals join interest groups?
A) purposive benefits
B) material benefits
C) meaningful benefits
D) solidary benefits
A) purposive benefits
B) material benefits
C) meaningful benefits
D) solidary benefits
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18
In the three broad categories of reasons why individuals join interest groups, the category of material benefits refers to the ___ .
A) real and tangible benefits, like lower taxes, lighter regulation, higher wages, and group insurance rates
B) substantive, partisan, and ideological goals, like fighting hunger, supporting Republicans, or battling socialists
C) simple joys and social rewards of meeting, getting to know, and working with like-minded people
D) None of the above
A) real and tangible benefits, like lower taxes, lighter regulation, higher wages, and group insurance rates
B) substantive, partisan, and ideological goals, like fighting hunger, supporting Republicans, or battling socialists
C) simple joys and social rewards of meeting, getting to know, and working with like-minded people
D) None of the above
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19
In the three broad categories of reasons why individuals join interest groups, the category of purposive benefits refers to the ___ .
A) real and tangible benefits, like lower taxes, lighter regulation, higher wages, and group insurance rates
B) substantive, partisan, and ideological goals, like fighting hunger, supporting Republicans, or battling socialists
C) simple joys and social rewards of meeting, getting to know, and working with like-minded people
D) None of the above
A) real and tangible benefits, like lower taxes, lighter regulation, higher wages, and group insurance rates
B) substantive, partisan, and ideological goals, like fighting hunger, supporting Republicans, or battling socialists
C) simple joys and social rewards of meeting, getting to know, and working with like-minded people
D) None of the above
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20
In the three broad categories of reasons why individuals join interest groups, the category of solidary benefits refers to the ___ .
A) real and tangible benefits, like lower taxes, lighter regulation, higher wages, and group insurance rates
B) substantive, partisan, and ideological goals, like fighting hunger, supporting Republicans, or battling socialists
C) simple joys and social rewards of meeting, getting to know, and working with like-minded people
D) None of the above
A) real and tangible benefits, like lower taxes, lighter regulation, higher wages, and group insurance rates
B) substantive, partisan, and ideological goals, like fighting hunger, supporting Republicans, or battling socialists
C) simple joys and social rewards of meeting, getting to know, and working with like-minded people
D) None of the above
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21
The modern labor movement began with the formation of the ___ .
A) American Federation of Labor
B) American Federation of Teachers
C) Congress of Industrial Organizations
D) National Education Association
A) American Federation of Labor
B) American Federation of Teachers
C) Congress of Industrial Organizations
D) National Education Association
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22
Which one of the following statements is true regarding the growth or reduction in the size of labor unions in recent decades?
A) While private sector unions have expanded, public sector unions have slipped.
B) Both private sector unions and public sector unions have slipped.
C) While private sector unions have slipped, public sector unions have expanded.
D) Both private sector unions and public sector unions have expanded.
A) While private sector unions have expanded, public sector unions have slipped.
B) Both private sector unions and public sector unions have slipped.
C) While private sector unions have slipped, public sector unions have expanded.
D) Both private sector unions and public sector unions have expanded.
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23
The Great Recession of 2009 provided an opening for ___ .
A) several Democratic governors to push legislation expanding public sector unions
B) several Republican governors to push legislation limiting public sector unions
C) several Democratic governors to push legislation limiting public sector unions
D) several Republican governors to push legislation expanding public sector unions
A) several Democratic governors to push legislation expanding public sector unions
B) several Republican governors to push legislation limiting public sector unions
C) several Democratic governors to push legislation limiting public sector unions
D) several Republican governors to push legislation expanding public sector unions
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24
Goods that cannot be made available to some without generally being made available to all are characterized as ___ .
A) non-tenable
B) non-comprehensive
C) non-excludable
D) non-eradicable
A) non-tenable
B) non-comprehensive
C) non-excludable
D) non-eradicable
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25
Which one of the following organizations is not a public interest group?
A) Common Cause
B) Occupy Wall Street
C) Congress Watch
D) Wilderness Society
A) Common Cause
B) Occupy Wall Street
C) Congress Watch
D) Wilderness Society
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26
Major elements of American society are not well represented either by economic groups or by consumer and public interest groups, including ___ .
A) Business groups
B) Public sector groups
C) Teachers
D) Minority groups
A) Business groups
B) Public sector groups
C) Teachers
D) Minority groups
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27
Which of the following statements is true regarding most Americans?
A) Most Americans favor some form of gun control and some access to abortion services.
B) Most Americans favor some form of gun control but do not favor access to abortion services.
C) Most Americans do not favor gun control but do favor some access to abortion services.
D) Most Americans do not favor gun control nor access to abortion services.
A) Most Americans favor some form of gun control and some access to abortion services.
B) Most Americans favor some form of gun control but do not favor access to abortion services.
C) Most Americans do not favor gun control but do favor some access to abortion services.
D) Most Americans do not favor gun control nor access to abortion services.
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28
In 2015, the Open Secrets website reported that interest groups spent a record $3.23 billion on lobbying. Which one of the following business sectors spent more than the rest of the groups?
A) finance, insurance, and real estate
B) energy and natural resources
C) pharmaceuticals and health products
D) housing and building construction
A) finance, insurance, and real estate
B) energy and natural resources
C) pharmaceuticals and health products
D) housing and building construction
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29
Organizations may be guided by charismatic leaders who lead by ___ .
A) negotiated consensus
B) managerial administration
C) personality and will
D) Rotation in office
A) negotiated consensus
B) managerial administration
C) personality and will
D) Rotation in office
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30
Which of the following statements is true regarding the role of lobbyists in government?
A) Lobbyists provide information that supports their positions but they do not withhold or suppress information that seems to argue against their positions.
B) Lobbyists do not provide information that supports their positions and withhold or suppress information that seems to argue against their positions.
C) Lobbyists not provide information that supports their positions but they do not withhold or suppress information that seems to argue against their positions.
D) Lobbyists provide information that supports their positions and withhold or suppress information that seems to argue against their positions.
A) Lobbyists provide information that supports their positions but they do not withhold or suppress information that seems to argue against their positions.
B) Lobbyists do not provide information that supports their positions and withhold or suppress information that seems to argue against their positions.
C) Lobbyists not provide information that supports their positions but they do not withhold or suppress information that seems to argue against their positions.
D) Lobbyists provide information that supports their positions and withhold or suppress information that seems to argue against their positions.
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31
The "revolving door" practice refers to ___ .
A) organizational improvement of communications that temporarily places managers in employee positions
B) individuals who move back and forth between important roles in government and lucrative lobbying jobs
C) leadership changes from charismatic to consensus building to charismatic depending on broader societal expectations
D) policy emphases that shift back and forth between Democratic and Republican administrations after presidential elections
A) organizational improvement of communications that temporarily places managers in employee positions
B) individuals who move back and forth between important roles in government and lucrative lobbying jobs
C) leadership changes from charismatic to consensus building to charismatic depending on broader societal expectations
D) policy emphases that shift back and forth between Democratic and Republican administrations after presidential elections
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32
Protests, demonstrations, and sometimes even violence are weapons of last resort, usually employed only by the ___ .
A) Democrats and liberals
B) Republicans and conservatives
C) poor and weak
D) rich and strong
A) Democrats and liberals
B) Republicans and conservatives
C) poor and weak
D) rich and strong
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33
Protests, demonstrations, and even violence in the streets ___ .
A) will never get lawmakers' attention under any circumstances
B) will sometimes get lawmakers' attention when a quiet meeting in their office will not
C) will always get lawmakers' attention when a quiet meeting in their office will not
D) are the fastest way to show determination
A) will never get lawmakers' attention under any circumstances
B) will sometimes get lawmakers' attention when a quiet meeting in their office will not
C) will always get lawmakers' attention when a quiet meeting in their office will not
D) are the fastest way to show determination
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34
Litigation is another name for ___ .
A) law enforcement to protect polling places
B) bringing a legal case in a court of law
C) securing financial donations from litigants
D) law firms that endorse political candidates
A) law enforcement to protect polling places
B) bringing a legal case in a court of law
C) securing financial donations from litigants
D) law firms that endorse political candidates
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35
In hard-fought campaigns to secure political power, the losing party does all but which one of the following ___ .
A) acts as a watchdog to criticizes the governing party
B) exposes corruption and abuse of power
C) withdraw from politics to await the next election
D) prepares for the next election
A) acts as a watchdog to criticizes the governing party
B) exposes corruption and abuse of power
C) withdraw from politics to await the next election
D) prepares for the next election
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36
The basic goals of American political parties include ___ .
A) winning office
B) controlling public policy
C) keeping an eye on the opposition
D) All of the above
A) winning office
B) controlling public policy
C) keeping an eye on the opposition
D) All of the above
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37
The "responsible party model" holds that political parties should be ___ .
A) selective in identifying candidates for office who reflect the values of the voters
B) transparent with how they raise and spend campaign donations and contributions
C) diligent in securing background checks on all potential campaign staff members and candidates
D) clear about what they stand for so voters know what they will get if that party wins office
A) selective in identifying candidates for office who reflect the values of the voters
B) transparent with how they raise and spend campaign donations and contributions
C) diligent in securing background checks on all potential campaign staff members and candidates
D) clear about what they stand for so voters know what they will get if that party wins office
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38
In the "big tent" view of contemporary political parties, the Democratic tent shelters mostly __________people and interests.
A) radical to liberal
B) liberal to moderate
C) moderate to conservative
D) conservative to libertarian
A) radical to liberal
B) liberal to moderate
C) moderate to conservative
D) conservative to libertarian
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39
In the "big tent" view of contemporary political parties, the Republican tent shelters mostly __________people and interests.
A) radical to liberal
B) liberal to moderate
C) moderate to conservative
D) conservative to radical
A) radical to liberal
B) liberal to moderate
C) moderate to conservative
D) conservative to radical
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40
In contemporary democratic politics, parties engage in all but which of the following activities?
A) Parties provide channels through which ordinary citizens can affect the course of government.
B) Parties, to protect their own rights of free expression, are natural guardians of civil liberties.
C) Parties out of office join the deep state to resist the governing party
D) Parties offer a means for organizing dissent against the policies of an incumbent administration.
A) Parties provide channels through which ordinary citizens can affect the course of government.
B) Parties, to protect their own rights of free expression, are natural guardians of civil liberties.
C) Parties out of office join the deep state to resist the governing party
D) Parties offer a means for organizing dissent against the policies of an incumbent administration.
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41
In contemporary democratic politics, parties engage in all but which of the following activities?
A) Parties out of office join the deep state to resist the governing party
B) Parties recruit and screen candidates for public office, from local election officials to president of the United States.
C) Parties "keep each other honest," since each party has a political interest in exposing corruption, deception, and abuses of authority by its opposition.
D) Parties give political leaders reliable bases on which to build support for their programs in the legislature and among the general electorate.
A) Parties out of office join the deep state to resist the governing party
B) Parties recruit and screen candidates for public office, from local election officials to president of the United States.
C) Parties "keep each other honest," since each party has a political interest in exposing corruption, deception, and abuses of authority by its opposition.
D) Parties give political leaders reliable bases on which to build support for their programs in the legislature and among the general electorate.
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42
The "social network" model of party politics focuses on a party's ___ .
A) sheltering and welcoming of a broad diversity of people and interests from throughout society to participate in the party
B) clarity in its campaign message and platform in an attempt to appeal to as many voters in American society as possible
C) interrelationships among party officials, candidates, officeholders, voters, interest groups, media, and social movements
D) All of the above
A) sheltering and welcoming of a broad diversity of people and interests from throughout society to participate in the party
B) clarity in its campaign message and platform in an attempt to appeal to as many voters in American society as possible
C) interrelationships among party officials, candidates, officeholders, voters, interest groups, media, and social movements
D) All of the above
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43
Which of the following models has nothing to do with perspectives on American parties?
A) The social network model
B) The statistical voter model
C) The big tent model
D) The responsible party model
A) The social network model
B) The statistical voter model
C) The big tent model
D) The responsible party model
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44
The role of "party in the electorate" refers to the ___ .
A) political party offices and officials who identify more or less directly and consistently with the voters
B) voters who identify more or less directly and consistently with a political party
C) officeholders who identify more or less directly and consistently with a political party's voters
D) partisan-appointed officials who identify more or less directly and consistently with the voters
A) political party offices and officials who identify more or less directly and consistently with the voters
B) voters who identify more or less directly and consistently with a political party
C) officeholders who identify more or less directly and consistently with a political party's voters
D) partisan-appointed officials who identify more or less directly and consistently with the voters
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45
The role of "party organization" refers to the ___ .
A) volunteers who freely serve on a part-time basis to interface with the public on efforts to "get out the vote" on election day
B) representatives of the party who serve on interest group boards to coordinate political campaign support on a day-to-day basis
C) officials appointed by the party and who have been confirmed by the Senate to staff the federal bureaucracy
D) permanent structure of party offices and officials who administer the party apparatus on a day-to-day basis
A) volunteers who freely serve on a part-time basis to interface with the public on efforts to "get out the vote" on election day
B) representatives of the party who serve on interest group boards to coordinate political campaign support on a day-to-day basis
C) officials appointed by the party and who have been confirmed by the Senate to staff the federal bureaucracy
D) permanent structure of party offices and officials who administer the party apparatus on a day-to-day basis
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46
The role of "party in government" refers to the ___ .
A) voters who identify more or less directly and consistently with a political party
B) permanent structure of party offices and officials who administer the party apparatus on a day-to-day basis
C) officeholders, both elected and partisan-appointed officials, who ran under or have been associated with the party label
D) representatives of the party who serve on interest group boards to coordinate political campaign support on a day-to-day basis
A) voters who identify more or less directly and consistently with a political party
B) permanent structure of party offices and officials who administer the party apparatus on a day-to-day basis
C) officeholders, both elected and partisan-appointed officials, who ran under or have been associated with the party label
D) representatives of the party who serve on interest group boards to coordinate political campaign support on a day-to-day basis
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47
In the political science literature, "party identification" refers to the emotional and intellectual commitment of __________to their political party.
A) legislators
B) government bureaucrats
C) individual voters
D) governors
A) legislators
B) government bureaucrats
C) individual voters
D) governors
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48
Today, more than 50% of voters identify themselves as ___ .
A) Democrats
B) Republicans
C) Independents
D) None of the above
A) Democrats
B) Republicans
C) Independents
D) None of the above
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49
Which one of the following statements is not true regarding Independent voters who tend to lean toward Democrats or Republicans?
A) Independent leaners tend to behave very much like the weak identifiers of the party toward which they lean.
B) Unlike pure independents, independent leaners turn out at lower rates than partisan voters.
C) Independent leaners tend to turn out at the same rates and are just as loyal as Democrats or Republicans.
D) Unlike pure independents, independent leaners do not tend to split their votes between the major parties.
A) Independent leaners tend to behave very much like the weak identifiers of the party toward which they lean.
B) Unlike pure independents, independent leaners turn out at lower rates than partisan voters.
C) Independent leaners tend to turn out at the same rates and are just as loyal as Democrats or Republicans.
D) Unlike pure independents, independent leaners do not tend to split their votes between the major parties.
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50
Which of the following statements is true today regarding the Democratic Party and the Republican Party nation-wide?
A) The transition of conservative white southerners from the Democratic Party to the Republican Party is now complete.
B) Democrats are more uniformly liberal and Republicans are more uniformly conservative.
C) In recent election cycles, both Democrats and Republicans have voted consistently for the nominee of their party.
D) All of the above
A) The transition of conservative white southerners from the Democratic Party to the Republican Party is now complete.
B) Democrats are more uniformly liberal and Republicans are more uniformly conservative.
C) In recent election cycles, both Democrats and Republicans have voted consistently for the nominee of their party.
D) All of the above
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51
Which one of the following statements is true regarding the nominations of Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton during 2016 presidential campaign?
A) The nomination of Donald Trump and his outsider campaign promised less change while Hillary Clinton's nomination signaled more change.
B) The nomination of Donald Trump and his outsider campaign promised the same amount of change as Hillary Clinton in her nomination.
C) The nomination of Donald Trump and his outsider campaign promised great change while Hillary Clinton's nomination signaled continuity rather than change.
D) Neither the nomination of Donald Trump nor the nomination of Hillary Clinton promised any change.
A) The nomination of Donald Trump and his outsider campaign promised less change while Hillary Clinton's nomination signaled more change.
B) The nomination of Donald Trump and his outsider campaign promised the same amount of change as Hillary Clinton in her nomination.
C) The nomination of Donald Trump and his outsider campaign promised great change while Hillary Clinton's nomination signaled continuity rather than change.
D) Neither the nomination of Donald Trump nor the nomination of Hillary Clinton promised any change.
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52
Which one of the following statements is true regarding who won the popular vote and the electoral vote in the presidential campaign of 2016 between Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton?
A) Trump won the popular vote and the electoral vote.
B) Trump won the popular vote and Clinton won the electoral vote.
C) Clinton won the popular vote and Trump won the electoral vote.
D) Clinton won the popular vote and the electoral vote.
A) Trump won the popular vote and the electoral vote.
B) Trump won the popular vote and Clinton won the electoral vote.
C) Clinton won the popular vote and Trump won the electoral vote.
D) Clinton won the popular vote and the electoral vote.
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53
Which one of the following statements is true regarding which party won control of the House of Representatives and the Senate in the congressional elections of 2016?
A) Republicans maintained control of the House while Democrats took control of the Senate.
B) Democrats took control of both the House and the Senate.
C) Republicans maintained control of both the House and the Senate.
D) Democrats maintained control of the House while Republicans took control of the Senate.
A) Republicans maintained control of the House while Democrats took control of the Senate.
B) Democrats took control of both the House and the Senate.
C) Republicans maintained control of both the House and the Senate.
D) Democrats maintained control of the House while Republicans took control of the Senate.
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54
In the presidential primaries of 2016, __________of the Democratic Party was led by Hillary Clinton.
A) the institutional wing
B) the libertarian wing
C) the independent wing
D) the insurgent wing
A) the institutional wing
B) the libertarian wing
C) the independent wing
D) the insurgent wing
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55
In the presidential primaries of 2016, __________of the Democratic Party was led by Bernie Sanders.
A) the institutional wing
B) the libertarian wing
C) the independent wing
D) the insurgent wing
A) the institutional wing
B) the libertarian wing
C) the independent wing
D) the insurgent wing
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56
A hundred years ago, the power of political parties was often found in local party organizations, often called ___ .
A) "mafias"
B) "machines"
C) "mandarins"
D) "mercenaries"
A) "mafias"
B) "machines"
C) "mandarins"
D) "mercenaries"
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57
For more than half a century, black voters have given about __________percent of their votes to Democratic candidates for president and Congress.
A) 60
B) 70
C) 80
D) 90
A) 60
B) 70
C) 80
D) 90
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58
Which one of the following statements is not historically true regarding blacks and the Democratic Party?
A) The Democratic Party was the party of the South and slavery during the Civil War.
B) In the 1930s, black voters left the Democratic Party for the Republican Party.
C) The Democratic Party identified with southern racial segregation in the 1960s.
D) The connection between Kennedy and Martin Luther King Jr. during the 1960 campaign encouraged black voters about the Democratic Party.
A) The Democratic Party was the party of the South and slavery during the Civil War.
B) In the 1930s, black voters left the Democratic Party for the Republican Party.
C) The Democratic Party identified with southern racial segregation in the 1960s.
D) The connection between Kennedy and Martin Luther King Jr. during the 1960 campaign encouraged black voters about the Democratic Party.
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59
Which one of the following statements reflects the benefit of black voters' nearly exclusive commitment to the Democratic Party?
A) The Democratic Party's philosophy and programs have been responsive to the needs and interests of black citizens.
B) The Democratic Party has been receptive to black citizens with political aspirations.
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above
A) The Democratic Party's philosophy and programs have been responsive to the needs and interests of black citizens.
B) The Democratic Party has been receptive to black citizens with political aspirations.
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above
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60
Which one of the following statements does not reflect a detriment of black voters' nearly exclusive commitment to the Democratic Party?
A) Democrats are reluctant to have their campaigns identified with the black community for fear of scaring away white voters.
B) Both major parties know that most blacks will vote Democrat, which means that there is no bidding for their votes.
C) Virtually all members of the Congressional Black Caucus are Democrats
D) The wholesale commitment of blacks to the Democratic Party means that they are almost completely without access when Republicans win.
A) Democrats are reluctant to have their campaigns identified with the black community for fear of scaring away white voters.
B) Both major parties know that most blacks will vote Democrat, which means that there is no bidding for their votes.
C) Virtually all members of the Congressional Black Caucus are Democrats
D) The wholesale commitment of blacks to the Democratic Party means that they are almost completely without access when Republicans win.
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61
Throughout the twentieth century to the present, which one of the following trends has weakened the power of most local party organizations?
A) placement of government jobs under civil service regulation
B) movement toward nonpartisan local elections
C) use of technology to take political messages directly to voters in their homes
D) The development of better benefits packages in the private sector
A) placement of government jobs under civil service regulation
B) movement toward nonpartisan local elections
C) use of technology to take political messages directly to voters in their homes
D) The development of better benefits packages in the private sector
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62
Which one of the following statements is not true regarding support of the president's legislative program in Congress?
A) When presidents enjoy majorities in both houses of the Congress, they are successful more than 80 percent of the time.
B) Presidents whose partisans control at least one house of the Congress, do nearly as well, at almost 75 percent.
C) Presidents who find both houses of the Congress controlled by the other party, face tough sledding, achieving success only about 60 percent of the time.
D) Popular presidents get their way no matter who runs Congress.
A) When presidents enjoy majorities in both houses of the Congress, they are successful more than 80 percent of the time.
B) Presidents whose partisans control at least one house of the Congress, do nearly as well, at almost 75 percent.
C) Presidents who find both houses of the Congress controlled by the other party, face tough sledding, achieving success only about 60 percent of the time.
D) Popular presidents get their way no matter who runs Congress.
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63
In American party politics, the role of loyal opposition falls to ___ .
A) the members of the Supreme Court who do not share the president's party affiliation
B) the majority of governors who are not of the same party as the president
C) the leaders of the party in Congress that does not control the presidency
D) All of the above
A) the members of the Supreme Court who do not share the president's party affiliation
B) the majority of governors who are not of the same party as the president
C) the leaders of the party in Congress that does not control the presidency
D) All of the above
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64
Party unity in Congress is defined as ___ .
A) the proportion of votes on which the majority of one party lines up against a minority of the other party
B) the proportion of votes on which the minority of one party lines up against a majority of the other party
C) the proportion of votes on which the minority of one party lines up against a minority of the other party
D) the proportion of votes on which the majority of one party lines up against a majority of the other party
A) the proportion of votes on which the majority of one party lines up against a minority of the other party
B) the proportion of votes on which the minority of one party lines up against a majority of the other party
C) the proportion of votes on which the minority of one party lines up against a minority of the other party
D) the proportion of votes on which the majority of one party lines up against a majority of the other party
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65
The United States is frequently described as a two-party system because the Democratic and Republican parties ___ .
A) have stood against each other since before the Civil War
B) get most of the attention and win virtually all of the elections
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above
A) have stood against each other since before the Civil War
B) get most of the attention and win virtually all of the elections
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above
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66
A minor party is a party that __________has little chance of winning and organizing the government.
A) appeals to voters in the 18-35 age bracket but
B) raises issues and offers candidates but
C) raises insignificant amounts of campaign contributions and thus
D) All of the above
A) appeals to voters in the 18-35 age bracket but
B) raises issues and offers candidates but
C) raises insignificant amounts of campaign contributions and thus
D) All of the above
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67
Minor political parties have little chance of winning and organizing the government because ___ .
A) they only appeal to voters in the 18-35 age bracket and this bracket rarely votes
B) Democrats and Republicans designed the electoral system to prevent them from winning
C) they are located only in U.S. territories and these territories are not permitted to send voting members to Congress
D) All of the above
A) they only appeal to voters in the 18-35 age bracket and this bracket rarely votes
B) Democrats and Republicans designed the electoral system to prevent them from winning
C) they are located only in U.S. territories and these territories are not permitted to send voting members to Congress
D) All of the above
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68
The Democrats and Republicans have made it difficult for minor parties to win elections because of ___ .
A) single-member district elections
B) difficulty getting on the ballot
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above
A) single-member district elections
B) difficulty getting on the ballot
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above
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Unlock for access to all 132 flashcards in this deck.
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69
Third party candidates for the presidency have difficulty in winning because of the difficulty in ___ .
A) securing electoral votes from all U.S. territories
B) getting on the ballots in all fifty states
C) Getting permission to raise money
D) None of the above
A) securing electoral votes from all U.S. territories
B) getting on the ballots in all fifty states
C) Getting permission to raise money
D) None of the above
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70
The constitutional foundation for modern interest group and political party organization is the __________Amendment right to ___ .
A) First
B) Fourteenth
C) petition the government for a redress of grievances
D) due process
A) First
B) Fourteenth
C) petition the government for a redress of grievances
D) due process
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71
In the case of Dejonge v. Oregon (1937), the Supreme Court incorporated the states into the First Amendment's right of peaceful assembly using the __________of the ___ .
A) due process clause
B) equal protection clause
C) Fourteenth Amendment
D) Fifth Amendment
A) due process clause
B) equal protection clause
C) Fourteenth Amendment
D) Fifth Amendment
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72
James Madison argued that interest groups would act out of __________and contribute to ___ .
A) divisions and disagreements in society
B) political advantage
C) the public interest and common good
D) altruistic endeavors
A) divisions and disagreements in society
B) political advantage
C) the public interest and common good
D) altruistic endeavors
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73
Today, there are approximately __________interest groups that spend about __________each year lobbying Congress and the executive branch.
A) 25000
B) $3.5 billion
C) 12500
D) $3.5 million
A) 25000
B) $3.5 billion
C) 12500
D) $3.5 million
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74
Interest groups are organized either as __________or as ___ .
A) unitary organizations
B) federations
C) confederacies
D) leaderless organizations
A) unitary organizations
B) federations
C) confederacies
D) leaderless organizations
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75
Lobbyists are __________who seek to influence government decision making in ways that benefit or limit harm to their ___ .
A) Members of Congress
B) hired agents
C) clients
D) constituents
A) Members of Congress
B) hired agents
C) clients
D) constituents
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76
The purpose of most interest group litigation is to __________or ___ .
A) demand a beneficial policy change
B) demand public financing of political candidates
C) forestall an adverse policy change
D) forestall public financing of political candidates
A) demand a beneficial policy change
B) demand public financing of political candidates
C) forestall an adverse policy change
D) forestall public financing of political candidates
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77
Donald Trump's nomination and election have often been described as a __________of the Republican Party that might __________the party brand on issues from national security to trade to taxes.
A) "hostile takeover"
B) "friendly takeover"
C) change
D) maintain
A) "hostile takeover"
B) "friendly takeover"
C) change
D) maintain
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78
An individual's party identification may be understood as __________or as ___ .
A) a "running tally" of positive and negative evaluations of party candidates and policies
B) the transitory and loosely held effect of a party's impact strictly on economic well-being from election to election
C) a deep-seated psychological commitment, established early and remaining quite stable over time
D) national security concerns identified as a form of ideological permanence regardless of partisan invocations of necessity
A) a "running tally" of positive and negative evaluations of party candidates and policies
B) the transitory and loosely held effect of a party's impact strictly on economic well-being from election to election
C) a deep-seated psychological commitment, established early and remaining quite stable over time
D) national security concerns identified as a form of ideological permanence regardless of partisan invocations of necessity
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79
In the presidential primaries of 2016, the Democrats were divided between __________of the party and __________of the party.
A) the institutional wing
B) the libertarian wing
C) the independent wing
D) the insurgent wing
A) the institutional wing
B) the libertarian wing
C) the independent wing
D) the insurgent wing
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80
In the American political party structure for Democrats and Republicans, there __________and the __________oversees the party.
A) exists one national party for the entire country
B) Democratic Central Committee or Republican Central Committee
C) exist fifty political parties, one for each state
D) Democratic National Committee or Republican National Committee
A) exists one national party for the entire country
B) Democratic Central Committee or Republican Central Committee
C) exist fifty political parties, one for each state
D) Democratic National Committee or Republican National Committee
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