Deck 8: Measuring Social Impact
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Deck 8: Measuring Social Impact
1
Current approaches to measuring social impact have not yet reached maturity primarily because of which of the following factors?
A) The general lack of maturity in social program evaluation
B) The variety of purposes that organizations have for conducting analyses
C) Both a and b are typically cited as factors
D) Neither a nor b is a factor typically given
A) The general lack of maturity in social program evaluation
B) The variety of purposes that organizations have for conducting analyses
C) Both a and b are typically cited as factors
D) Neither a nor b is a factor typically given
C
2
How does comparing the social value of various social programs relate to comparing the financial returns on investment (ROIs) of these various social programs?
A) They are similar
B) They are not similar
C) They used to be similar
D) None of the answers is applicable
A) They are similar
B) They are not similar
C) They used to be similar
D) None of the answers is applicable
B
3
All of the following are considered to be benefits of learning how to calculate a firm's social impact except one. Which of the following is not considered a benefit?
A) Provides a clear picture of the measurable results of the organization's work
B) Provides an opportunity to share stories and anecdotes that give a fuzzy "sense" that things are moving in the right direction
C) Knowing which programs are working and which are not allows the allocation of resources where they have the greatest impact
D) Knowing how to measure the firm's social impact, social entrepreneurs can identify themselves and the organization with the cutting edge of the industry
A) Provides a clear picture of the measurable results of the organization's work
B) Provides an opportunity to share stories and anecdotes that give a fuzzy "sense" that things are moving in the right direction
C) Knowing which programs are working and which are not allows the allocation of resources where they have the greatest impact
D) Knowing how to measure the firm's social impact, social entrepreneurs can identify themselves and the organization with the cutting edge of the industry
B
4
The firm's social value proposition (SVP) is a brief description of _____________________?
A) The social venture's organization, the value it provides, and the impact it can have on individuals and society
B) The social venture's starting date, the value it provides, and the impact it can have on individuals and society
C) The social venture's age, the value it provides, and the impact it can have on individuals and society
D) The social venture's life expectancy, the value it provides, and the impact it can have on individuals and society
A) The social venture's organization, the value it provides, and the impact it can have on individuals and society
B) The social venture's starting date, the value it provides, and the impact it can have on individuals and society
C) The social venture's age, the value it provides, and the impact it can have on individuals and society
D) The social venture's life expectancy, the value it provides, and the impact it can have on individuals and society
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5
Which of the following statements is true?
A) The trend in the world of social enterprise is toward (emphasizing) more objective reporting and accurate accounting for social impact
B) The trend in the world of social enterprise is not toward (emphasizing) more objective reporting and accurate accounting for social impact
C) The trend in the world of social enterprise is toward (emphasizing) more subjective reporting and accurate accounting for social impact
D) The trend in the world of social enterprise is toward (emphasizing) more subjective reporting and inaccurate accounting for social impact
A) The trend in the world of social enterprise is toward (emphasizing) more objective reporting and accurate accounting for social impact
B) The trend in the world of social enterprise is not toward (emphasizing) more objective reporting and accurate accounting for social impact
C) The trend in the world of social enterprise is toward (emphasizing) more subjective reporting and accurate accounting for social impact
D) The trend in the world of social enterprise is toward (emphasizing) more subjective reporting and inaccurate accounting for social impact
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6
Although stakeholders tend to differ by type of organization, there are usually some common ones. Which of the following would not typically be considered a social venture stakeholder?
A) Constituents or beneficiaries
B) Government officials
C) Individual donors or institutional funders
D) The general public
A) Constituents or beneficiaries
B) Government officials
C) Individual donors or institutional funders
D) The general public
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7
Again, which of the following would not typically be considered a social venture stakeholder?
A) Board members
B) Affiliates
C) Chapter leaders
D) All three are typically to be considered as social venture stakeholders
A) Board members
B) Affiliates
C) Chapter leaders
D) All three are typically to be considered as social venture stakeholders
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8
A social entrepreneur would want to ask each of the various stakeholders of his or her venture which of the following questions?
A) What is the ultimate impact you value from the work of this social venture?
B) How would you define failure for the work of this social venture?
C) What outcome do you value least about the work of this social venture?
D) What do you think this social venture needs to accomplish over the next one to three months?
A) What is the ultimate impact you value from the work of this social venture?
B) How would you define failure for the work of this social venture?
C) What outcome do you value least about the work of this social venture?
D) What do you think this social venture needs to accomplish over the next one to three months?
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9
When should the social entrepreneur identify social indicators that are mentioned most frequently across all types of stakeholders?
A) Before having a discussion with stakeholders
B) During having a discussion with stakeholders
C) After having a discussion with stakeholders
D) The social entrepreneur should never do this
A) Before having a discussion with stakeholders
B) During having a discussion with stakeholders
C) After having a discussion with stakeholders
D) The social entrepreneur should never do this
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10
The last step in measuring social impact, monetizing the social value of the social indicator, is important because it _____________________________.
A) Attracts a narrow range of wealthy investors to the venture
B) Establishes metrics that can be used to evaluate a venture's effectiveness in achieving desired social impact
C) Narrows the focus and mission of the venture
D) Stimulates long-term capital flow exclusively
A) Attracts a narrow range of wealthy investors to the venture
B) Establishes metrics that can be used to evaluate a venture's effectiveness in achieving desired social impact
C) Narrows the focus and mission of the venture
D) Stimulates long-term capital flow exclusively
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11
According to Tuan there are __________ integrated approaches for measuring social impact.
A) Nine
B) Ten
C) Seven
D) Eight
A) Nine
B) Ten
C) Seven
D) Eight
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12
What is according to Tuan not an integrated approach for measuring social impact?
A) Cost-Effective Analysis (CEA)
B) Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA)
C) Social Return on Investment (SROI)
D) Break-Even Analysis (BEA)
A) Cost-Effective Analysis (CEA)
B) Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA)
C) Social Return on Investment (SROI)
D) Break-Even Analysis (BEA)
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13
Which one of the following statements most accurately describes the cost-effectiveness analysis approach to measuring social impact?
A) It is used when monetizing the impact or benefits of a program is not possible or desirable
B) It can account for all areas of program impact at any given time
C) It is complex and makes it possible to aggregate across all areas of impact
D) It involves the calculation of a percentage of cost to a monetary benefit or outcome
A) It is used when monetizing the impact or benefits of a program is not possible or desirable
B) It can account for all areas of program impact at any given time
C) It is complex and makes it possible to aggregate across all areas of impact
D) It involves the calculation of a percentage of cost to a monetary benefit or outcome
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14
Which one of the following statements most accurately describes the cost-benefit analysis approach to measuring social impact?
A) It is one of the easiest approaches to implement quickly
B) It monetizes the benefits or outcomes of a program and its costs to compare them and observe which are greater
C) It tends to provide in accounting terms the benefits to specific beneficiaries that occur as a result of the initiative
D) It cannot answer the question of whether or not it is worthwhile to undertake a program
A) It is one of the easiest approaches to implement quickly
B) It monetizes the benefits or outcomes of a program and its costs to compare them and observe which are greater
C) It tends to provide in accounting terms the benefits to specific beneficiaries that occur as a result of the initiative
D) It cannot answer the question of whether or not it is worthwhile to undertake a program
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15
Which one of the following statements most accurately describes the REDF social return on investment approach to measuring social impact?
A) It is a method for measuring environmental and social value currently reflected in financial statements, in comparison to funds invested
B) It is a method for measuring environmental and social value currently reflected in financial statements, in absolute terms
C) It is a method for measuring environmental and social value not currently reflected in financial statements, in comparison to funds invested
D) It is a method for measuring environmental and social value not currently reflected in financial statements, in absolute terms
A) It is a method for measuring environmental and social value currently reflected in financial statements, in comparison to funds invested
B) It is a method for measuring environmental and social value currently reflected in financial statements, in absolute terms
C) It is a method for measuring environmental and social value not currently reflected in financial statements, in comparison to funds invested
D) It is a method for measuring environmental and social value not currently reflected in financial statements, in absolute terms
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16
Which one of the following statements most accurately describes the Robin Hood Foundation's benefit-cost ratio approach to measuring social impact?
A) This ratio serves to highlight which programs to fund and how much should be invested in such initiatives
B) This ratio serves to highlight which programs to fund but not how much should be invested in such initiatives
C) This ratio does not serve to highlight which programs to fund but how much should be invested in such initiatives
D) This ratio does not serve to highlight which programs to fund and neither how much should be invested in such initiatives
A) This ratio serves to highlight which programs to fund and how much should be invested in such initiatives
B) This ratio serves to highlight which programs to fund but not how much should be invested in such initiatives
C) This ratio does not serve to highlight which programs to fund but how much should be invested in such initiatives
D) This ratio does not serve to highlight which programs to fund and neither how much should be invested in such initiatives
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17
Which one of the following statements most accurately describes the Acumen Fund's best available charitable option approach to measuring social impact?
A) The ratio is reassessed on a monthly basis after investment
B) The ratio is reassessed on a monthly basis before investment
C) The ratio is reassessed on an annual basis after investment
D) The ratio is reassessed on an annual basis before investment
A) The ratio is reassessed on a monthly basis after investment
B) The ratio is reassessed on a monthly basis before investment
C) The ratio is reassessed on an annual basis after investment
D) The ratio is reassessed on an annual basis before investment
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18
Which one of the following formulas is used by the William and Flora Hewlett's Foundation for its decision making?
A) Expected return = (Costs * Probability of Outcome * Philanthropic Contribution)/Outcome
B) Expected return = (Outcome * Costs * Philanthropic Contribution)/Probability of Outcome
C) Expected return = (Outcome * Probability of Outcome * Costs)/Philanthropic Contribution
D) Expected return = (Outcome * Probability of Outcome * Philanthropic Contribution)/Costs
A) Expected return = (Costs * Probability of Outcome * Philanthropic Contribution)/Outcome
B) Expected return = (Outcome * Costs * Philanthropic Contribution)/Probability of Outcome
C) Expected return = (Outcome * Probability of Outcome * Costs)/Philanthropic Contribution
D) Expected return = (Outcome * Probability of Outcome * Philanthropic Contribution)/Costs
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19
The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation's programs have ambitious goals that include all of the following examples except one. Which of the following is not one of the Foundation's stated goals?
A) Improving reproductive health and rights worldwide
B) Supporting vibrant performing arts
C) Supporting appropriate political candidates for national office
D) Limiting the risk of climate change
A) Improving reproductive health and rights worldwide
B) Supporting vibrant performing arts
C) Supporting appropriate political candidates for national office
D) Limiting the risk of climate change
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20
There are numerous similarities among the various approaches used to attempt to measure social impact. Which of the following is an example of such a similarity?
A) Outcomes are translated into natural units
B) Uncertainty and probability of success are taken into account
C) Outcomes or benefits are estimated
D) Meaningful insight into estimating social value creation is provided
A) Outcomes are translated into natural units
B) Uncertainty and probability of success are taken into account
C) Outcomes or benefits are estimated
D) Meaningful insight into estimating social value creation is provided
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21
The firm's social value proposition (SVP) is a brief description of the social venture's organization, the value it provides and the impact it can have on individuals and society.
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22
One of the main benefits of learning how to calculate a firm's social impact is a clear picture of the measurable results of the organization's work.
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23
The trend in the world of social enterprise is toward emphasizing more objective reporting and accurate accounting for social impact so social entrepreneurs can show the social firm and its work are on track and worthy of investment.
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24
The first step to measuring social impact is for the social entrepreneur to thoughtfully and carefully quantify the social value of the venture.
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25
The questions a social entrepreneur asks to define his or her social value proposition (SVP) assist him or her in determining the venture's SVP and they also assist in crafting the organization's theory of change.
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26
Stakeholders will differ by type of organization, but among the most common are constituents, board members, key partners, government officials, individual donors, key leaders of the organization, and institutional funders.
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27
After having a discussion with stakeholders, the social entrepreneur should identify social indicators that are mentioned least frequently across all types of stakeholders.
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28
The last step in measuring social impact is monetizing the social value of the selected social indicators because it increases the credibility of the social venture and its mission, and establishes metrics that can be used to evaluate a venture's effectiveness in achieving desired social impact.
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29
CBE means cost-breakdown analysis
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30
Cost-effectiveness analysis, one of the most challenging approaches, monetizes the benefits or outcomes of a program along with its costs to compare them and observe which are greater.
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31
Next to "Development of new community leaders with strong philanthropic and civic values" and "increased ties within the community", 'improved academic achievement" can be a social impact indicator.
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32
Statistical return on investment (SROI) is a method for measuring environmental and social value not currently reflected in financial statements, in comparison to funds invested, which includes the qualitative and quantitative impact of making a social investment.
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33
The Acumen Fund's Best Available Charitable Option (BACO) ratio serves to ascertain the prospective merit of an individual investment opportunity when compared to making a charitable grant.
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34
The Center for High Impact Philanthropy (CHIP) provides independent analysis and decision-making tools to make sure that philanthropic funds are achieving the greatest impact, is promoted as a measure critical to high-impact giving, and was developed by alumni of Harvard University who wanted to compare desirable social change to the costs of organizing programs intended to bring about such change.
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35
Key differences among the various methods developed and used to estimate social value creation include the manner in which outcomes or benefits are estimated, the manner in which costs are calculated and the manner in which outcomes are translated into natural units.
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36
Because of which two factors have current approaches to measuring social impact not yet received maturity?
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37
What are the main benefits of measuring a venture's social impact, i.e., how can measuring a firm's social impact have an influence on making sure the venture is effective in staying true to its mission?
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38
What are the most common stakeholders to the social venture?
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39
What suggestions would you make to a nascent social entrepreneur to make her or him more effective in marketing and communicating social impact across various stakeholders?
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40
What does the cost-effectiveness analysis involve, in the context of monetizing social value?
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41
What is the REDF's Social Return on Investment (SROI)?
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42
What does the Robin Hood Foundation's Benefit-Cost Ratio serve?
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43
According to Tuan there are eight integrated approaches for measuring social impact. What do they have in common?
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44
What are the differences in the eight integrated approaches for measuring social impact distinguished by Tuan?
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45
If a social venture is already established, which three specific sequential recommendations would you make as the social entrepreneur concerned begins to measure her or his impact? Why this sequence?
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46
A social venture should be measuring key outcomes over time. What method would you recommend the social entrepreneur to use, in order to quantify and monetize her or his impact? Why?
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