Deck 7: Human Development Across the Life Span

Question 1

A parent is concerned with the interpersonal skills of her 12-year-old son.Based on interpersonal theory,the nurse asks:

A) "Does your son belong to team or club with friends or classmates?"
B) "Does he feel bad when he does something he knows he shouldn't do?"
C) "How does he tend to act when he doesn't get exactly what he wants?"
D) "How confident is he in situations that are generally unfamiliar for him?"

Answer 1

"Does your son belong to team or club with friends or classmates?"

Question 2

Which strategy will the nurse include in the plan of care for a 6-year-old child for whom operant conditioning has been recommended?

A) Periodically asking the child to attempt to solve increasingly difficult puzzles
B) Consistently offering praise when the child puts his dirty clothes in the hamper
C) Expecting the child to rinse and to place his dirty dishes in the sink
D) Conditioning the child to expect punishment when he misbehaves

Answer 2

Consistently offering praise when the child puts his dirty clothes in the hamper

Question 3

The nurse is assessing a child according to Kohlberg's developmental theory.Which statement would support the belief the child is showing appropriate behaviors of the pre-conventional state? Select all that apply.

A) "If I pick up my toys, can I get an ice cream cone?"
B) "I can't watch cartoons when I don't pick up my toys."
C) "I always pick up my toys because mommy needs my help."
D) "When I pick up all of my toys I make mommy very happy."
E) "If I don't pick up my toys, mommy could trip on them and fall."

Answer 3

"If I pick up my toys, can I get an ice cream cone?"
"I can't watch cartoons when I don't pick up my toys."
"If I don't pick up my toys, mommy could trip on them and fall."

Question 4

A patient is experiencing distress with midlife transition.Which statement provides support that the patient is successfully managing this stressor?

A) "I won't give up on my dream to be rich."
B) "Being rich doesn't necessarily make a person happy."
C) "I'll never be rich but I can save enough to live comfortably."
D) "I wasn't being realistic when I set being rich as my life's goal."

Question 5

A child who has been physically abused becomes emotionally distorted when told that the parent will no longer be allowed to visit.Which principle of social learning theory is most likely for the child's response?

A) The child views the abuse to be more desirable than the parent leaving.
B) The parent has fostered a fear in the child that increases when they are apart.
C) The child believes that he is responsible for the parent now being punished.
D) The parent has likely told the child that he deserved the abuse as a punishment.

Question 6

A 70-year-old male has the nursing diagnosis situational low self-esteem related to forced retirement.Using Maslow's hierarchy of human needs,the nurse is confident the patient is meeting the outcome of experiencing self-worth when the patient:

A) Moves to a secure apartment building
B) Exercises regularly with friends at the gym
C) Attends his grandchildren's school functions
D) Volunteers at the local homeless shelter each week

Question 7

An adolescent has been a consistently,poor academic student due to a learning disorder.Which statement overheard by the nurse would support the possibility of a problem with the developmental stage competence versus inferiority?

A) "It's too hard to get good grades."
B) "I'll never be able to get into a good college."
C) "My parents are disappointed that I do so poorly in school."
D) "I don't want people to know I can barely read or write."

Question 8

The parents of an 8-year-old are attempting to help their child comprehend new information.Which intervention suggested by the nurse shows an understanding of the cognitive development theory for this age group?

A) The use of drawing and illustrations
B) Comparing the child's experiences to the new material
C) Encouraging the child to talk about this new information
D) Asking the child to give a reason for how they feel about new information

Question 9

A patient is involved in a smoking cessation program that encourages self-control therapy interventions.Which intervention would the nurse suggest to this patient?

A) Limiting the act of smoking to certain times of the day
B) Keeping a behavioral diary that tracks when the patient smokes
C) Identifying the factors that initially encouraged the patient to start smoking
D) Making plans that involve spending the money saved when the smoking stops

Question 10

Which nursing intervention supports the principles on which the cross-links theory of aging is based?

A) Applying an elastin sustaining moisturizer to an adult patient's skin
B) Assessing a patient's family history for genetic diseases and disorders
C) Questioning a patient regarding long-term exposure to environmental toxins
D) Assisting an adult patient is selecting foods that are high in vitamins A, C, and E

Question 11

Which of the following responses would the nurse expect from a 12-year-old regarding stealing?

A) "You are never allowed to steal."
B) "You go to jail is you steal someone else's things."
C) "My parents would punish me if I was caught stealing."
D) "Stealing food when you don't have anything to eat is alright."

Question 12

The nurse determines that a patient is showing a decline in explicit memory.Which characterizes such a deficiency?

A) Inability to remember how to operate a common kitchen appliance
B) Difficulty remembering the name of a place visited 20 years ago
C) Being unsuccessful at retaining new information
D) Forgetting the ingredients of a favorite recipe

Question 13

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs,the nursing strategies a psychiatric nurse would use to assist in meeting self-esteem needs of elderly patients would include:

A) Providing privacy when spouses are visiting
B) Arranging for the spouses to dine with the patients when visiting
C) Including both the patients and spouses in all educational sessions
D) Attending to patient hygiene and dress in preparation for spousal visits

Question 14

According to Piaget,which of the following would the nurse consider normal when assessing a 6-year-old?

A) Playing with an "imaginary friend"
B) Talking about their "best friend"
C) Enjoying putting puzzles together
D) Knowing its wrong to tell a lie

Question 15

A nursing diagnosis of hopelessness would be considered for an individual who:

A) Was consistently overprotected by family members
B) Was raised by parents who were strict disciplinarians
C) Had inconsistent, unpredictable physical care as an infant
D) As a teenager always felt unaccepted by his social peers

Question 16

Which activities should the nurse evaluate in an assessment of an older patient's functional status? Select all that apply.

A) Possessing the ability to prepare nutritious meals independently
B) Having the financial resources available to live independently
C) Performing regular, simple maintenance on their primary residence
D) Effectively toileting themselves for both bowel and bladder elimination
E) Safely moving around their residence without an increased risk for falls

Question 17

A nurse is using Piaget's model to assess a child's developmental stage.Which behaviors would determine that a child is successfully achieving the skills required of the formal operations level of development? Select all that apply.

A) Becomes sad when the family pet dies
B) Plans a trip to attend a basketball game
C) Identifies two different bowls that hold 1 cup
D) Selects the appropriate clothing for a ski trip
E) Enjoys solving "what if" types of word problems

Question 18

The spouse of a patient recently diagnosed with early stage Alzheimer's disease asks,"
Is there anything I can do to help delay the progression of this disease?" Which strategy has the greatest potential for preserving the protective abilities of immune cells related to the disease?

A) Minimize contact with the public during cold and flu season.
B) Enroll the patient in an exercise program that meets regularly.
C) Provide supplements to enhance the patient's immune system.
D) Identify creative ways to keep the patient mentally challenged.

Question 19

The nurse leading parent education classes bases instruction on Erikson's developmental stages.It follows that the nurse will plan to instruct the parents that a helpful strategy to foster a child's initiative would be to:

A) Offer several different options for dressing and encourage the child to select one of them.
B) Allow the child to help wash the unbreakable dishes used to serve breakfast.
C) Provide one-on-one parent-child time each evening before bed.
D) Enroll the child in a weekend, age-appropriate sports program.

Question 20

Which developmental level would be characterized by a child being able to focus,to coordinate,and to imagine a series of events?

A) Preoperational
B) Concrete operational
C) Formal operational
D) Postoperational

Question 21

The nurse manages the care for several older adult patients.Which strategies shows an understanding of the effects of aging on cognitive function? Select all that apply.

A) Allowing ample time for completion of patient activities
B) Breaking complicated patient activities into single tasks
C) Planning patient activities that can be completed rather quickly
D) Excluding complex problem-solving patient activities in the daily routine
E) Planning for complex patient activities to be introduced early in the day

Question 22

Which older adult patient's medical conditions appear to support the hypothesis upon which the immunologic theory of aging is based? Select all that apply.

A) Has, at age 64, been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
B) Has been treated for multiple sclerosis since age 30
C) Is managing a 36-year history of chronic Graves' disease
D) Has begun to experience symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis
E) Is experiencing a flare up of celiac disease, which was diagnosed at age 26

Question 23

According to most biological theories of aging,predisposing factors create the affects seen in aging.Which behaviors are considered predisposing factors regarding aging? Select all that apply.

A) Diagnosis of a chronic genetic disease
B) Lack of healthy diet and regular exercise
C) Family history of several different cancers
D) Occupation that involved working with toxins
E) Radiation exposure from numerous diagnostic studies

Question 24

A nurse is working with a group of older adults attending a seminar on the physical and emotional effects of aging.Which patient statements are good predictors of positive well being and perceived mortality? Select all that apply.

A) Being "satisfied with growing older"
B) Feeling "younger than my birthdays say I should"
C) Retirement "gives me time to do the things I've put off doing."
D) Not having "to deal with the stress of any major chronic illnesses"
E) "At least I don't have to worry about having enough money to retire."

Question 25

The nurse is preparing to educate a group of middle-aged adults on longevity strategies.Which behaviors would the nurse stress? Select all that apply.

A) Having warm and caring people in your life
B) Engaging in age-appropriate exercise on a regular basis
C) Accepting the fact that aging negatively impacts your life
D) Seeking help if changes of aging cause depression or anxiety
E) Avoiding retirement for as long as possible in order to keep active