Deck 3: Politics, Culture, and Social Processes

Question 1

The Fourth of July celebration is an example of:

A) nonmaterial forms of culture
B) material forms of culture
C) culture
D) political socialization

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The Constitution and the Declaration of Independence on display in the National Archives in Washington,D. C., are examples of:

A) nonmaterial forms of culture
B) material forms of culture
C) culture
D) political socialization

Answer 2

B

Question 3

_________ is made up of values, knowledge, beliefs, symbols, language, and artifacts.

A) nonmaterial forms of culture
B) material forms of culture
C) culture
D) political socialization

Answer 3

C

Question 4

_________ refers to an arrangement of values and belief systems that citizens, policymakers, leaders, and nonparticipants create about power and power structures.

A) ideology
B) knowledge
C) culture
D) political socialization

Question 5

Pluralism sees culture as:

A) the values, beliefs, and symbols that support the political process.
B) as a source for establishing and perpetuating values that result in submission to bureaucratic organizations.
C) a superstructure that emerges out of economic relationships.
D) a guide for making decisions.

Question 6

The ________ theoretical perspective sees culture as the "cement" that holds political structures together.

A) pluralist
B) elite-managerial
C) class
D) institutionalist

Question 7

Which perspective sees culture as a source for establishing and perpetuating values that result in submission to bureaucratic organizations?

A) pluralist
B) elite-managerial
C) class
D) institutionalist

Question 8

The ___________ perspective sees culture as a superstructure that emerges out of economic relationships.

A) pluralist
B) elite-managerial
C) class
D) institutionalist

Question 9

___________ is the worldview of each class in the history of class struggle that results in tradition.

A) Ideology
B) Class consciousness
C) Political culture
D) Political socialization

Question 10

Rational choice theorists see culture as:

A) the values, beliefs, and symbols that support the political process.
B) as a source for establishing and perpetuating values that result in submission to bureaucratic organizations.
C) a superstructure that emerges out of economic relationships.
D) a guide for making decisions.

Question 11

________ incorporate political culture into its perspective through the examination of habits, symbolic guides to political processes, or traditions in politics.

A) pluralist
B) postmodern
C) rational choice
D) institutionalist

Question 12

Postmodern view of political culture is best capture by which statement?

A) Political culture is the values, beliefs, and symbols that support the political process.
B) Political culture is a source for establishing and perpetuating values that result in submission to bureaucratic organizations.
C) Political culture is a guide for making decisions.
D) Political culture involves the incorpation of habits, symbolic guides to political processes, or traditions in politics.

Question 13

Which perspective would see power in language and words themselves in the ways they create meaning and realities for people?

A) pluralist
B) postmodern
C) rational choice
D) institutionalist

Question 14

Political socialization is:

A) the values, beliefs, and symbols that support the political process.
B) the social process by which members of a social group acquire the tools, skills and beliefs for political action and the exercise of power.
C) as a source for establishing and perpetuating values that result in submission to bureaucratic organizations.
D) a guide for making decisions.

Question 15

__________ helps transmit nonmaterial and material culture to individuals.

A) political socialization
B) political values
C) political beliefs
D) political participation

Question 16

When a child goes to school and learns about the role of the US Supreme Court plays in our democracy, school is an example of:

A) agents of socialization
B) political socialization
C) ideology
D) culture

Question 17

What agent of socialization has a social mandate to teach children the characteristics of government and role of its citizens?

A) family
B) schools
C) social groups
D) the media

Question 18

According to Ronald Inglehart, __________ and __________ are aspects of culture that nurtured democracy.

A) family; schools
B) knowledge; material wealth
C) social groups; the media
D) values; modernity

Question 19

According to Ronald Inglehart, post-materialist are:

A) those born before WWII who focus on economic criteria as standard for rational behavior.
B) those born before WWII who focus on lifestyle issues such as environmentalism.
C) those born after WWII who focus on economic criteria as standard for rational behavior.
D) those born after WWII who focus on lifestyle issues such as environmentalism

Question 20

Materialist are those born before WWII who focus on economic criteria as standard for rational behavior.

A) postmodernists
B) postmaterialists
C) materialists
D) modernists

Question 21

According to Ronald Inglehart's research on the postmaterialist society, __________ is no longer as significant an issue today as it once used to be.

A) age
B) race
C) class
D) gender

Question 22

___________ see political community as national, complex, and driven by technology.

A) postmodernists
B) postmaterialists
C) materialists
D) modernists

Question 23

When someone argues that democracies require informed citizens, they are looking at ideology as:

A) political sophistication.
B) a set of political beliefs.
C) deliberation and discourse.
D) hegemony.

Question 24

When someone examines the orientation of citizens on a continuum between liberal and conservative, they are looking at ideology as:

A) political sophistication.
B) a set of political beliefs.
C) deliberation and discourse.
D) hegemony.

Question 25

Ideology as a set of political beliefs relates to when:

A) someone examines citizens engaged in political conversations, they are looking at ideology as:
B) someone examines the orientation of citizens on a continuum between liberal and conservative
C) someone examines historical circumstances related to political, economic, and daily interactions
D) someone argues that democracies require informed citizens

Question 26

someone examines historical circumstances related to political, economic, and daily interactions, they are looking at ideology as:

A) political sophistication.
B) a set of political beliefs.
C) deliberation and discourse.
D) hegemony.

Question 27

__________ refers to the general cultural milieu created by the ruling class, where ideas and values are shaped in compliance with ruling-class objectives.

A) Political sophistication
B) Ideology
C) Class domination
D) Hegemony

Question 28

__________ are those people in the middle, about 8 percent of the American public, who watch but rarely engage in politics.

A) Passive participants
B) Spectators
C) Observers
D) Bystanders

Question 29

In 1991, James Hunter coined the term ___________ to describe the intensity of what emerged as a debate about the perceived morality of American society and the role of the state and religious organizations in defining social values.

A) moral majority
B) culture wars
C) devout and diverse
D) none of the above

Question 30

Which of the following trends best describes religion in the United States over the last 50 years?

A) decline in size of mainline churches and growth in conservative churches
B) decline in denominationalism
C) emergence of spiritual groups
D) all of the above

Question 31

Which view of the supernatural is considered highly engaged, helping and not judgmental?

A) Authoritative god
B) Benevolent god
C) Critical god
D) Loving god

Question 32

According to Graber and Dunaway (2015) framework of media effects, ___________ refers to an individual's tendency to avoid unpleasant news media.

A) uses and gratification
B) selective exposure
C) agenda setting
D) political avoidance

Question 33

Disneyland is a perfect metaphor for society as a ___________.

A) abstraction
B) performance
C) spectacle
D) celebration

Question 34

According to Elezar's work on political values and subcultures, ___________ rely on cultural values related to communal good and healthy civic competition.

A) traditionalist
B) materialist
C) individualists
D) moralists

Question 35

According to Elezar's work on political values and subcultures, ___________ rely on cultural values related to hard work and competition.

A) traditionalist
B) materialist
C) individualists
D) moralists

Question 36

According to Elezar's work on political values and subcultures, ___________ rely on cultural values related to preserving existing social order, elite rule, and family connections.

A) traditionalist
B) materialist
C) individualists
D) moralists

Question 37

Emile Durkheim used the concept __________ to describe the forms of social cohesion driven by interests, jobs, religion, neighborhood, and social interests

A) traditionalist
B) materialist
C) moralists
D) none of the above

Question 38

The characteristic of some national pride and exclusionary as defining what it means to be American is which current of American nationalism?

A) ardent nationalists
B) the disengaged
C) restrictive nationalists
D) creedal nationalists

Question 39

Culture is essential to the functioning and maintenance of society.

Question 40

Alexis de Tocqueville argued the predominance of voluntary associations for social, economic, and political purposes grew out of non-material cultural values related to equality and the social contract.

Question 41

According to institutionalist, political culture creates the trust necessary to peacefully hand over one presidency to the next.

Question 42

The class perspective sees culture as a source for establishing and perpetuating values that result in submission to bureaucratic organizations.

Question 43

The idea the norms play a role in guiding the work of policymakers, lobbyists, or civil servants is aligned with the institutionalist perspective.

Question 44

Political socialization takes places throughout the course of one's life

Question 45

Mock elections, where children participate in mock voting to learn the importance of democracy and elections, are examples of civic participation

Question 46

A parent's political leaning tends to rub off on their children.

Question 47

The more visible parents are in participating in electoral and governmental politics, the more likely their children are to learn the importance of political participation.

Question 48

Years of schooling correspond with likelihood of political participation.

Question 49

According to Ronald Inglehart, cultural changes since WWII are the result of American and ally nations winning the war.

Question 50

Social class is no longer as important in post-WWI era because increase in economic development have minimized individual economic insecurities.

Question 51

Postmaterialist shifts have been found to be occurring in hundreds of countries worldwide.

Question 52

Hegemony refers to the general cultural milieu created by the ruling class, where ideas and values are shaped in compliance with ruling-class objectives.

Question 53

According to PEW Research Center, political polarization has been steadily increasing since the 1950s.

Question 54

Religion no longer plays an important role in shaping political orientations and mobilizing citizens within the United States

Question 55

An authoritative god is one considered highly engaged, helping and not judgmental.

Question 56

Mass media is the primary driver of political interests.

Question 57

The media do not significantly change political values.

Question 58

Research on citizen behavior has found that political knowledge has no effect on political behaviors.

Question 59

The idea that the media changes individual values and attitudes over time is considered by Graber and Dunaway (2015) to be a form of selective exposure.

Question 60

An ardent nationalist is one who sees few restrictions on what it means to be an American.

Question 61

Culture has both a _________ and _________ dimension.

Question 62

The Constitution and the Declaration of Independence on display in the National Archives in Washington,D. C., are examples of ___________

Question 63

Ann Swidler described culture as __________ of habits, skills, and styles from which people construct strategies of action.

Question 64

_________ refers to an arrangement of values and belief systems that citizens, policymakers, leaders, and nonparticipants create about power and power structures.

Question 65

________ sees culture as the "cement" that holds political structures together.

Question 66

The ___________ perspective sees culture as a source for establishing and perpetuating values that result in submission to bureaucratic organizations.

Question 67

___________ is the worldview of each class in the history of class struggle that results in tradition.

Question 68

__________ theorists see culture as a guide for making decisions.

Question 69

____________ is the social process by which members of a social group acquire the tools, skills and beliefs for political action and the exercise of power.

Question 70

_________ takes places throughout the course of one's life

Question 71

Political socialization helps transmit __________ and __________ to individuals.

Question 72

According to Ronald Inglehart, __________ and __________ are aspects of culture that nurtured democracy.

Question 73

__________ are those individuals who focus on lifestyle issues such as sexuality, religious pursuits, and environmentalism.

Question 74

__________ are those individuals who focus on economic and physical security.

Question 75

__________ are those individuals who focus on lifestyle issues such as sexuality, religious pursuits, and environmentalism.

Question 76

__________ are those individuals who focus on economic and physical security.

Question 77

Postmaterialists see __________ as national, complex, and driven by technology.

Question 78

When someone examines the orientation of citizens on a continuum between liberal and conservative, they are looking at ideology as__________.

Question 79

__________ refers to the general cultural milieu created by the ruling class, where ideas and values are shaped in compliance with ruling-class objectives.

Question 80

_________ appears to play a significant role in shaping political values.