Deck 22: Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation

Question 1

An athlete presents to you immediately after spraining her ankle during a plyometric training activity. Her ankle is swollen and she is having difficulty walking due to pain. Which of the following is not an appropriate immediate treatment technique for this acute injury?

A) ice/cryotherapy
B) use of crutches
C) isotonic and isokinetic strengthening exercises
D) application of an elastic compression bandage

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following muscles are most important to recruit during core stabilization exercises?

A) rectus abdominis, quadratus lumborum
B) hamstrings, quadriceps
C) transverse abdominis, hip adductors
D) multifidus, transverse abdominis

Answer 2

D

Question 3

You begin a lower extremity strengthening program with a 30-year-old woman. During the first session, she begins to complain of anterior knee pain that she says occurs only when she is performing a squat exercise. She has no previous history of knee pain. Which of the following is not an appropriate change to make in her training?

A) instruct the patient to perform the squat into increasing knee flexion angles, educating her that the squat exercise will be less painful if she moves through a larger range of motion
B) modify the squat so she is performing the exercise only through the range of 0 to 45 degrees of knee flexion, which she finds is pain-free
C) discontinue the squat exercise and substitute another lower extremity strengthening exercise that does not cause pain
D) correct body mechanics during the squat, including cuing to decrease knee valgus motion, and reassess if pain continues to occur during the exercise. Continue the exercise only if there is no pain

Answer 3

A

Question 4

You are developing an upper extremity-strengthening program for a collegiate athlete who plays a variety of sports involving overhead movements. He denies any current injury but did have symptoms of shoulder impingement 3 months earlier. Which exercise should not be emphasized during his strengthening program?

A) seated rows
B) lat pull-downs (behind the head)
C) shoulder external rotations
D) push-ups (limited range of motion) with a "plus" motion

Question 5

Which is true of the remodeling phase of healing?

A) collagen strength is at its weakest
B) the amount of inflammation is still increasing during this phase
C) no further exercise progression should occur so as to allow continued collagen healing
D) this healing phase may continue for 6 to 12 months after an injury, even though the person will have resumed a majority of daily activities

Question 6

Which healing phase occurs 3 to 20 days after injury and is characterized by decreasing inflammation and pain, formation of new capillaries, and collagen synthesis?

A) inflammation phase
B) repair phase
C) remodeling phase
D) return-to-sport phase

Question 7

Which of the following is not an example of a functional test?

A) 1RM bench press
B) broad jump for distance
C) single-leg hop test
D) vertical jump

Question 8

How long should a stretch be held to obtain plastic deformation of the tissue and enhance muscle flexibility?

A) 3 minutes
B) 5 seconds
C) 10 seconds
D) 15 to 30 seconds

Question 9

Approximately what percent of Americans will experience low back pain at some time in their lives?

A) 99%
B) 5%
C) 25%
D) 80%

Question 10

The _________ muscle(s) provides compressive and inferiorly directed forces to maintain humeral congruency during arm elevation.

A) rotator cuff
B) biceps
C) deltoid
D) pectoralis major and minor

Question 11

Which of the following is not true with regard to the lumbar discs?

A) the disc consists of the annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus
B) disc nutrition occurs by diffusion during cycles of loading and unloading
C) changes in the disc occur as a person ages
D) the discs in the lumbar spine are smaller than those in the cervical spine

Question 12

To decrease stress on the patellofemoral joint, exercises in the open kinetic chain should be performed between ____ degrees of knee flexion.

A) 90 and 0
B) 45 and 0
C) 90 and 50
D) 120 and 90

Question 13

Which of the following is true about health care/sports medicine professionals involved in injury rehabilitation?

A) communication is not needed as each person has a clearly defined role at each stage in rehabilitation
B) professionals who may be involved at various stages in returning an athlete to competition include the athletic trainer, physician, sports psychologist, physician, and strength and conditioning professional
C) physicians are involved only if an athlete is not progressing as expected
D) professionals should be concerned only with the physical aspects of rehabilitation as well as the psychological/social aspects of injury; return to sport should be addressed only by teammates

Question 14

Which of the following muscles are important in stabilizing the scapula?

A) serratus anterior, biceps, brachialis
B) serratus anterior, rhomboids, trapezius
C) biceps, deltoid, pectoralis major
D) rotator cuff, triceps, biceps

Question 15

Examples of objective testing to determine an injured athlete's readiness to return to sport include:

A) questionnaire ratings of athlete's perceived level of function and pain level
B) range of motion and pain level
C) range of motion and strength
D) strength and questionnaire ratings athlete's perceived level of function

Question 16

_____ exercises involve contraction of the muscles surrounding a joint and are characterized by a linear stress pattern and fixture of the distal segment of the extremity to the ground or a supportive surface.

Question 17

The thin layer of specialized tissue covering joint surfaces in synovial joints is known as articular _____.

Question 18

The position of the spine that reduces stress to the static structures of the spine and minimizes muscular effort by optimally aligning the segments in their most natural resting position is known as _____.

Question 19

_____ is a common shoulder injury where the rotator cuff tendons are compressed between the humeral head and the acromion.

Question 20

The _____ is a sesamoid bone that functions to optimize the extensor mechanism by increasing the force capability of the quadriceps muscles.

Question 21

Tendinosis refers to inflammation of the tendon and associated sheath.

Question 22

Maintaining adequate flexibility of the lumbar and lower extremity muscles will help reduce risk of lumbar injury.

Question 23

Seated rows and push-ups with a "plus" are two examples of exercises for the scapular stabilizing muscles.

Question 24

When performing the squat and dead-lift exercises, an excessive lordosis should be maintained in the lumbar spine to minimize injury risk.

Question 25

A strength and conditioning professional is working with an athlete who is now in the return-to-activity phase after rehabilitating a knee injury for the preceding 3 months. The strength and conditioning professional notices altered biomechanics during sport-related activities. The strength and conditioning professional should not address biomechanics because the athlete has previously sustained a knee injury.

Question 26

Describe two concepts to remember when lifting to minimize injury risk to the lumbar spine.

Question 27

List at least three signs and symptoms used to identify an acute injury that is in the inflammation phase of healing.

Question 28

Describe three lifting modifications that can be made during upper extremity strength training to minimize the risk of shoulder pain.

Question 29

Discuss the positive and negative effects of inflammation.

Question 30

List at least three key components of an interval sport program.