Deck 21: Abnormal Psychology: Therapeutic Approaches

Question 1

What percentage of psychologists are reported to adopt an integrative approach to treatment?

A) 0.3
B) 0.4
C) 0.5
D) 0.6
E) 0.7

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following statements is correct?

A) Thoughts are of primary importance in mental disorders, above behaviours and feelings.
B) Behaviours are of primary importance in mental disorders, above thoughts and feeling.
C) Feelings are of primary importance in mental disorders, above thoughts and behaviour.
D) Social integration is more important than thoughts, feelings, or behaviours in mental disorders.
E) No single factor is more important than the others.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT true of cognitive therapy for social anxiety?

A) Patients are placed repeatedly in feared situations from which escape is hard.
B) Videotaped feedback is used to challenge their perceived social inadequacy.
C) Techniques are used to increase patients' external attentional focus.
D) Patients are instructed to avoid safety behaviours.
E) Patients recall childhood events that shaped their anxiety.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Clark et al. (2006) found that the effectiveness of cognitive therapy was THIS compared to a combination of exposure and relaxation:

A) Double
B) Half
C) Quarter
D) Triple
E) Quadruple

Question 5

Which of these is NOT a symptom of schizophrenia?

A) Hallucinations
B) Delusions
C) Lack of emotion
D) Multiple personalities
E) Impaired social functioning

Question 6

How do atypical and typical anti-psychotics compare in percentages according to Awad and Voruganti (1999)?

A) 60- 75
B) 80 v 70
C) 85 v 65
D) 90 v 75
E) 65 v 60

Question 7

What percentage of patients are drug resistant in that they fail to respond to any given drug?

A) 0.25
B) 0.3
C) 0.35
D) 0.4
E) 0.45

Question 8

Which one of these is not one of the core modules of the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders?

A) Mindful emotion awareness
B) Reappraisal
C) Reduction in emotional avoidance
D) Awareness (and tolerance) of physical sensations
E) Distraction techniques

Question 9

What did Sauer-Zavala et al. (2020) find in their comparison of therapies in the treatment of depression?

A) The Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment had better outcomes than cognitive behavioural therapy
B) The reduction in depressive symptoms was comparable for the two therapeutic approaches
C) Cognitive behavioural therapy had better outcomes than the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment
D) SSRIs had better outcomes than the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment and cognitive behavioural therapy
E) The Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment had better outcomes than cognitive behavioural therapy and SSRIs

Question 10

How has understanding of the role of neurotransmitters in depression changed?

A) It was thought serotonin was low, but it is now thought to be too high
B) It was thought serotonin was high, but it is now thought to be too low
C) It was thought dopamine was low, but it is now thought to be too high
D) It was thought dopamine was high, but it is now thought to be too low
E) It was thought adrenaline was high, but it is now thought to be too low

Question 11

The conclusion that drugs are a palliative treatment means:

A) They effectively treat the symptoms and underlying processes in depression.
B) They offer a long-term solution to depressive symptoms.
C) They offer a practical form of treatment.
D) It suppresses depressive symptoms but does not change the underlying processes
E) Patients show drug resistance.

Question 12

Which of these is NOT identified in the text as a difficulty in assessing the effectiveness of therapies?

A) A client may function satisfactorily in society but still perceive themselves to have impaired psychological well-being
B) Clients treated by different forms of therapy may vary in the severity of their symptoms
C) Some clients have better support structures outside of therapy than others
D) Therapy that appears effective initially may not be effective in preventing relapse (return of symptoms)
E) Fourth, most waiting-list clients active seek ways of coping with their lives while awaiting therapy

Question 13

What did Cross et al. (1980) find about most waiting list clients?

A) Their condition deteriorated whilst they waited
B) Their condition improved whilst they waited
C) Their condition remained unchanged whilst they waited
D) They obtained advice and guidance from others
E) They ignored advice and guidance from others

Question 14

What percentage of depressed patients show a reduction in depression whilst awaiting treatment according to Posternak and Miller (2001)?

A) 0.1
B) 0.15
C) 0.2
D) 0.25
E) 0.3

Question 15

According to Seligman (1995) which two types of studies must we consider when assessing treatment outcomes?

A) Appropriateness and effectiveness
B) Appropriateness and efficacy
C) Efficacy and efficiency
D) Appropriateness and efficiency
E) Efficacy and effectiveness

Question 16

How do efficacy and effectiveness studies compare on validity?

A) Efficacy studies lack internal validity but have external validity
B) Effectiveness studies lack external validity but have internal validity
C) Efficacy studies have internal validity but lack external validity
D) Both types of study have internal and external validity
E) Both types of study have serious threats to internal and external validity

Question 17

According to Matt and Navarro (1997) what percentage of clients improve compared to the average untreated client?

A) 0.85
B) 0.75
C) 0.8
D) 0.7
E) 0.65

Question 18

What correlation did Flückiger et al. (2018) find between therapeutic alliance quality and therapeutic outcome:

A) 0.34
B) 0.28
C) 0.41
D) 0.28
E) 0.36

Question 19

What conclusion does Stevens et al. (2000) draw about common versus specific factors in therapy?

A) Specific factors are more important for severe disorders than common factors
B) Common factors are more important for severe disorders than specific factors
C) Common and specific factors have an equal role to play in all forms of disorder
D) Specific factors are more important than common factors regardless of severity of disorder
E) Common factors are more important than specific factors regardless of severity of disorder

Question 20

Which of these is not one of the active components found by Lemmens et al. (2016) in treatment of depression?

A) Reduction in dysfunctional attitudes
B) Reduction in negative automatic thoughts
C) Reduction in emotional avoidance
D) Reduction in rumination
E) Reduction in worry