Deck 15: Screening the Sacrum, Sacroiliac, and Pelvis

Question 1

The therapist begins an examination of a patient with complaints of sacral pain. During the history of the examination the patient also complains of arthritis, conjunctivitis, and urethritis. The combination of these symptoms with sacral pain leads the therapist to believe the patient has what medical condition?

A) Crohn's disease
B) Rheumatoid arthritis
C) Cirrhosis of the liver
D) Reiter's syndrome

Answer 1

D
Reiter's syndrome often presents as a triad of symptoms, including arthritis, conjunctivitis, and urethritis. These three symptoms in the presence of sacral pain raise a red flag. The therapist must ask about pain in other joints, urologic symptoms, and a recent history of conjunctivitis.

Question 2

Cystocele, rectocele, and uterine prolapse are disorders that commonly occur after

A) Sexual assault
B) Cesarean section
C) Natural childbirth
D) Cholecystectomy

Answer 2

C
Similar to the prolapsed uterus, cystocele and rectocele occur most often after pregnancy and childbirth but may also be associated with some surgeries and obesity.

Question 3

What type of hernia is likely to cause groin pain?

A) Hiatal hernia
B) Femoral hernia
C) Inguinal hernia
D) Umbilical hernia

Answer 3

C
The femoral hernia may cause lateral wall pelvic pain when the hernia strangulates. The referred pain pattern is located down the medial side of the thigh to the knee; inguinal hernias are likely to cause groin pain. Immediate surgical repair is indicated in either case.

Question 4

What is the most common gynecologic cancer?

A) Uterine cancer
B) Ovarian cancer
C) Extraovarian primary peritoneal carcinoma
D) Cervical cancer

Question 5

Clients with unilateral pain below the level of the L5 spinous process and pain when they rise from sitting are likely to have dysfunction in what anatomic structure?

A) L3-L4 disk
B) L4-L5 disk
C) Sacroiliac (SI) joint
D) Hip

Question 6

Low back or sacral pain radiating around the flank suggests involvement of what body system?

A) Cardiopulmonary
B) Gastrointestinal
C) Genitourinary
D) Central nervous system

Question 7

A trigger point in which of the following muscles will likely not refer pain to the pelvic area?

A) Rectus femoris
B) Levator ani
C) Quadratus lumborum
D) Iliopsoas

Question 8

What is the most common symptom of Paget's disease?

A) Redness and warmth over the involved areas
B) Multiple fractures
C) Blood in the urine
D) Bone pain

Question 9

What is the most common primary cause of pelvic pain?

A) Gynecologic
B) Infectious
C) Cancer
D) Musculoskeletal

Question 10

Somatic pelvic pain is caused by stimulation of sensory nerve endings in what spinal segment?

A) L4-L5
B) L5-S1
C) S1-S2
D) S2-S3

Question 11

Occlusion of what artery is likely to result in pelvic pain?

A) Femoral
B) Popliteal
C) Abdominal aorta
D) Iliac

Question 12

What is the primary pain pattern for gastrointestinal disease?

A) Thoracic pain
B) Lumbar pain
C) Midabdominal pain
D) Sacral pain

Question 13

What is likely to relieve pain associated with uterine prolapse?

A) Walking
B) Standing
C) Coughing
D) Lying down

Question 14

What muscles make up the lateral pelvic wall?

A) Rectus abdominis
B) Iliopsoas and obturator
C) Levator ani and pubococcygeus
D) Internal and external obliques

Question 15

Which of the following will not generally refer pain to the sacrum or sacroiliac joint area?

A) Liver disease
B) Endocarditis
C) Prostate cancer
D) Paget's disease