Question 1

Which of the following statements is true of the characteristics of human relationships?&#10;A) Human relationships are similar across cultural groups.&#10;B) Human relationships are unique.&#10;C) Human relationships are stable.&#10;D) Human relationships are replaceable.

Accepted Answer

Human relationships can be influenced by cultural values and social norms, but ultimately each relationship is unique and shaped by individual personalities, experiences, and circumstances. Therefore, option B is the correct choice. Option A is incorrect because cultural differences can have a significant impact on how human relationships are formed and maintained. Option C is incorrect because human relationships can be dynamic and subject to change over time. Option D is incorrect because every individual relationship is irreplaceable, even if similar ones exist.

Question 2

What does the Chinese people's norm of returning a favour from friends with more than they received illustrate about human relationships in the Chinese culture?&#10;A) the importance of generosity&#10;B) the importance of long-term relationships&#10;C) the importance of bribery&#10;D) the importance of being free from owing a debt

Accepted Answer

The Chinese norm of returning a favour with more than they received illustrates the importance of long-term relationships in Chinese culture. Maintaining good relationships and social connections is highly valued in Chinese society, and reciprocal exchange of favors is a way to strengthen these relationships. This norm also reflects the desire to avoid being indebted to others and to maintain a sense of balance and harmony in relationships. The emphasis on generosity is also a factor, but it is secondary to the importance of long-term relationships. Bribery is not a cultural value in Chinese society.

Question 3

When individuals establish and continue social relationships, they do so on the basis that such relationships will be mutually beneficial. Which of the following theories does this assumption best characterize?

A) social penetration theory
B) social exchange theory
C) social benefit theory
D) social market theory

B

Accepted Answer

The assumption that social relationships are based on mutual benefit characterizes the social exchange theory, which proposes that individuals engage in social relationships with the expectation that they will receive benefits and will also have to contribute to the relationship in order to maintain it.

Question 4

Which of the following concepts best describes the process of developing a new culture by negotiating cultural differences and building a common ground for communication?&#10;A) intercultural interaction&#10;B) intercultural compromise&#10;C) cultural synergy&#10;D) globalization

Accepted Answer

Cultural synergy refers to the process of building a new culture by negotiating cultural differences and developing a common ground for communication. It emphasizes the positive aspects of cultural diversity and strives to create a harmonious relationship between different cultures. Intercultural interaction and intercultural compromise are related concepts, but they do not fully capture the idea of creating a new culture. Globalization refers to the interconnectedness of economies, cultures, and societies around the world, but it does not focus specifically on the process of creating a new culture.

Question 5

In which of the following cultures are parents more likely to play a central role in deciding the choice of their children's career path?&#10;A) low-context cultures&#10;B) collectivistic cultures&#10;C) high-context cultures&#10;D) monochronic cultures

Accepted Answer

In collectivistic cultures, family and community values are emphasized over individual goals and aspirations, and parents are expected to make decisions that benefit the entire family. Therefore, parents are more likely to play a central role in deciding the choice of their children's career path.

Question 6

Which of the following statements does NOT characterize similarity-attraction paradigm?&#10;A) If we perceive our attitudes are similar to some people, we are attracted to them.&#10;B) Similarity of attitudes validates our view of the world.&#10;C) We are attracted to someone based on actual similarities, not perceived ones.&#10;D) When we initially meet strangers, we tend to focus on general attitudes and&#10;Opinions.

Accepted Answer

The similarity-attraction paradigm suggests that perceived similarities between individuals can lead to increased attraction. Therefore, statement C, which suggests that actual similarities are necessary for attraction, does not characterize this paradigm.

Question 7

Arranged marriages are more common in collectivistic cultures than in individualistic cultures. Which of the following statements best explains this phenomenon?&#10;A) The acceptance of the potential partner in the family is more important in collectivistic cultures than in individualistic cultures.&#10;B) Similar religious background of the potential partner is more important in collectivistic cultures than in individualistic cultures.&#10;C) Physical attractiveness of the potential partner is more important in collectivistic cultures than in individualistic cultures.&#10;D) Romantic love between the potential partners is more important in collectivistic cultures than in individualistic cultures.

Accepted Answer

Collectivistic cultures emphasize the importance of family and the well-being of the group over individual desires and preferences, hence the acceptance of the potential partner by the family is considered important. In individualistic cultures, personal preferences and autonomy are valued more, leading to a greater emphasis on romantic love and physical attraction. Religious background may also be important in both collectivistic and individualistic cultures but is not the main reason for the prevalence of arranged marriages in collectivistic cultures.

Question 8

In Korea, it is quite common for strangers to find out each other's age in the first few minutes of conversation and adjust their language to show respect. Which aspect of interpersonal relationship dimension does this example illustrate?

A) long-term relationships
B) ingroup relationships
C) particularistic relationships
D) public relationships

Accepted Answer

This example illustrates particularistic relationships, where individuals adjust their behavior and language based on specific characteristics of the person they are interacting with, such as age, gender, social status, etc. In this case, the individuals adjust their language based on the other person's age, which is a particularistic characteristic.

Question 9

Italians use opera as a cultural metaphor to define themselves - because of its emphasis on emotion, drama and the lyrical use of language. Which dimension of interpersonal relationship, as identified by Lustig and Koester, does this example illustrate?

A) affection
B) activation
C) inclusion
D) control

Accepted Answer

The example illustrates the dimension of "activation," which refers to the degree to which people are emotionally expressive, lively, and animated in their interactions. Opera, with its emphasis on emotion and drama, aligns with this dimension.

Question 10

Anxiety/uncertainty management theory is used in understanding relationship development. Which of the following statements does NOT characterize this theory?&#10;A) Anxiety is the affective equivalent of uncertainty.&#10;B) Effective intercultural communication is a function of reducing uncertainty.&#10;C) The reduction of uncertainty leads to change in the nature of communication.&#10;D) Uncertainty refers to one's ability to explain one's own feelings in communication.

Accepted Answer

Uncertainty in the anxiety/uncertainty management theory refers to the lack of knowledge or predictability about the other person or the situation. It does not refer to one's ability to explain one's own feelings in communication.

Question 11

Which of the following concepts describes the process of revealing personal information that another person would be unlikely to discover through third sources?&#10;A) extroversion.&#10;B) self-disclosure&#10;C) social exchange&#10;D) cultural compliance

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following concepts describes the...

Question 12

Define similarity attraction paradigm and provide an example to show its application.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define similarity attraction paradigm and provide an...

Question 13

What are the basic assumptions of social penetration theory, and how can it be applied in practice?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the basic assumptions of social...

Question 14

Use examples to explain the basic assumptions of social exchange theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use examples to explain the basic assumptions...

Question 15

Define and explain the particularistic versus universalistic relationship dimension.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define and explain the particularistic versus universalistic...

Question 16

Provide an example to show how culture can influence relationship development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide an example to show how culture...

Deck 10: Intercultural and Intergroup Relations