Question 1

A person born with variations in sex characteristics (chromosomes, gonads, hormones, genitals) is accurately referred to as&#10;A) Hermaphrodite&#10;B) Transgender&#10;C) Intersex&#10;D) Cisgender

Accepted Answer

Intersex is the most accurate and widely accepted term for someone born with variations in sex characteristics. "Hermaphrodite" is an outdated and stigmatizing term that is considered offensive by many, and "transgender" and "cisgender" relate to gender identity rather than biological sex characteristics.

Question 2

The equitable treatment of all people regardless of any individually defining characteristics is called&#10;A) Social Justice&#10;B) Implicit bias&#10;C) Stereotyping&#10;D) Convergence

Accepted Answer

Social justice refers to providing equitable treatment to all individuals, regardless of their ethnicity, gender, sexuality or any other defining characteristic. It ensures that everyone is afforded the same opportunities and resources, and that discrimination or biases are not present in any social, economic, or political structures. Implicit bias, on the other hand, refers to unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that affect our decisions and actions towards others, often without our awareness. Stereotyping involves making assumptions or generalizations about a group of individuals based on certain characteristics or behaviors. Convergence generally refers to the coming together or unification of different things or ideas.

Question 3

When talking about marginalized populations, it is important to consider&#10;A) Numbers of those persons represented in media&#10;B) The quality of the representation in media&#10;C) How portrayals affect development throughout the lifespan&#10;D) All of these are important

Accepted Answer

All of these factors are important. Numbers represented in media can reflect the level of visibility and attention given to marginalized populations, while the quality of representation can impact societal perceptions and attitudes towards these groups. Additionally, portrayals can affect the identity development and self-esteem of individuals within those populations across the lifespan.

Question 4

Individuals are predisposed to see outgroups as&#10;A) All the same&#10;B) Heterogeneous&#10;C) Easy to identify with&#10;D) Parasocial

Accepted Answer

Individuals are predisposed to see outgroups as all the same, a phenomenon known as outgroup homogeneity effect. This cognitive bias leads people to perceive members of an outgroup as more similar to each other than they actually are, while seeing members of their own group as more diverse (ingroup heterogeneity).

Question 5

Groups that have been marginalized or discriminated against&#10;A) Usually are able to rise above such treatment&#10;B) Are deprived of access to power and the means to have a productive life.&#10;C) Are found equally in all cultures&#10;D) Are able to work together to change their treatment.

Accepted Answer

Marginalized or discriminated groups are often deprived of access to power and resources, which can impede their ability to lead productive lives. This can lead to a cycle of poverty and continued discrimination. While some individuals may be able to rise above their circumstances, it is not a guarantee for the group as a whole. Additionally, while there may be examples of groups working together to achieve change, this is not always possible or successful. The prevalence of marginalized or discriminated groups may vary across cultures, but it is a universal issue.

Question 6

Women in television were&#10;A) traditionally portrayed as domestics, supported by men.&#10;B) supposed to be thin and youthful in order to be considered attractive.&#10;C) portrayed in a diverse representation of ages.&#10;D) treated all the same regardless of ethnicity.&#10;E) a and b are true&#10;F) c and d are true

Accepted Answer

Women in television were traditionally portrayed as domestics, supported by men, and supposed to be thin and youthful in order to be considered attractive. This is a well-documented issue in media representation of women. However, the representation of women in television has become more diverse in recent years, with a broader range of ages and ethnicities being included in popular shows. Nonetheless, it is still important to recognize the historical issues with women's representation in television.

Question 7

Current portrayals of women in television A) Are underrepresented in STEM roles (science, technology, engineering and math). B) Are most often developed by male producers and directors. C) Have not really improved all that much over the 20^th century. D) are over-sexualized and stereotypical. E) All of these are true.

Accepted Answer

All of these statements are true. Women are still underrepresented in STEM roles on television, with a lack of female characters in fields such as science or engineering. The majority of television producers and directors are still male, which can impact the portrayal of female characters. Despite progress being made, the portrayal of women on television is still often over-sexualized and stereotypical.

Question 8

May 17, 2020 marked the 30th anniversary of&#10;A) The legalization of gay marriage.&#10;B) The World Health Organization declassifying homosexuality as a mental disorder.&#10;C) The first openly gay cast member on a sitcom.&#10;D) All of these are true.

Accepted Answer

May 17, 2020 marked the 30th anniversary of the World Health Organization declassifying homosexuality as a mental disorder. This move was significant in removing the stigma and discrimination that had long been associated with being gay. The legalization of gay marriage and the first openly gay cast member on a sitcom are also significant milestones in LGBTQ+ history, but they did not occur on May 17, 1990.

Question 9

More positive portrayals of transgender characters on television have provided support for&#10;A) The equitable treatment of transgender individuals.&#10;B) A decrease in discrimination against transgender individuals.&#10;C) Schema theory&#10;D) The parasocial contact hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

The parasocial contact hypothesis suggests that exposure to diverse characters in media, such as more positive portrayals of transgender characters on television, can lead to increased empathy and support for those groups among viewers. This hypothesis posits that viewers can form simulated relationships with these characters, which can then influence their attitudes and beliefs about the real-world groups these characters represent.

Question 10

Often LGBTQ young people&#10;A) have no role models for being LGBTQ.&#10;B) Are positively affected by equitable portrayals of LGBTQ on television.&#10;C) Are reported to be twice as unhappy in adolescence as are heterosexual youth.&#10;D) All of these are true.

Accepted Answer

LGBTQ young people often have no role models for being LGBTQ, which can lead to feelings of isolation and confusion. Equitable portrayals of LGBTQ on television and in media can have a positive effect on their mental health and self-esteem. However, LGBTQ youth are still reported to be twice as unhappy in adolescence as are heterosexual youth, due to factors such as bullying, social exclusion, and lack of understanding and support from peers and adults.

Question 11

While racism and sexism, or the endorsement of stereotypes related to these issues, appear to have decreased over the last 80 years&#10;A) Stigmatization over size or weight issues is still frequent.&#10;B) Fat phobic portrayals in the media are rare.&#10;C) Men are portrayed in discriminatory ways over size more often than are women.&#10;D) Sizeism is not a very big issue compared to other problems with respect to discrimination.

Accepted Answer

The answer of While racism and sexism, or the endorsement...

Question 12

Age discrimination in media&#10;A) Is difficult to separate out from gender discrimination&#10;B) Results in women over 40 being invisible on television, particularly compared to men.&#10;C) Is particularly hard on youth.&#10;D) a and b are true.&#10;E) b and c are true.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Age discrimination in media&#10;A) Is difficult to...

Question 13

Media portrays poverty in ways&#10;A) That overrepresent the number of Blacks who are poor.&#10;B) That exaggerate the problem.&#10;C) That focus on the working poor.&#10;D) That focus on the aging poor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Media portrays poverty in ways&#10;A) That overrepresent...

Question 14

Physical disability on television and in films&#10;A) Tends to focus on the disability rather than the individual person.&#10;B) Is too often depicted by actors who are able bodied.&#10;C) Often perpetuates the cultural myth that dying is better than living with a disability.&#10;D) All of these are true.&#10;E) None of these are true.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Physical disability on television and in films&#10;A)...

Question 15

Mental/Brain illness on television and in films&#10;A) Too often focus on just one or two illnesses.&#10;B) Are portrayed in a way that avoids stereotypes.&#10;C) Are too often linked with violence, a portrayal that is inaccurate.&#10;D) Does more harm than good by being included in programs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mental/Brain illness on television and in films&#10;A)...

Deck 5: Social Justice and the Media: Gender, Class, and Disability