Deck 7: Fiscal Capacity and Tax Effort in the Funding of Public Schools

Question 1

"Fiscal capacity" of a nation, state, or local school district may include income, wealth, or other measures of economic capability.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The "fiscal position" is the same as "fiscal capacity."

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Common measures of fiscal capacity of nations may include gross domestic product (GDP) and gross national income (GNI)

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The United States has historically been an economic power because it is rich in both human and physical resources.

Question 5

Gross domestic product (GDP) is the total output produced within a country during a year.

Question 6

The United States is the richest developed country in the world.

Question 7

Latin America's economic growth has not matched that of North America over the past 1000 years.

Question 8

Per capita personal income is the most common method used to measure state fiscal capacity.

Question 9

The per capita personal income of Connecticut is five times as great as that of Mississippi.

Question 10

Personal income per student in average daily attendance (ADA) is a valid measure of fiscal capacity for educational purposes.

Question 11

Local fiscal capacity in states is normally measured by an index of property wealth and income.

Question 12

Accurate measurement of property wealth is a very accurate science.

Question 13

"Fiscal effort" is the ratio of revenue (or expenditures) to the tax base

Question 14

The claim that the United States spends more money on elementary and secondary schools than any other country is quite accurate.

Question 15

"Fractionalization" is a quantifiable measure of diversity for a specified variable in a population of a nation or state.

Question 16

According to Alesina and Glaeser, fractionalization by race and religion have nothing to do with tax effort to support public education.

Question 17

Majority ethnic groups will typically tax themselves more to help other poorer ethnic groups gain educational opportunity for their children.

Question 18

Tax effort for public schools is about the same regardless of state or economic condition.

Question 19

Taxpayers in wealthy school districts typically provide greater tax effort than taxpayers in poor school districts.

Question 20

Two school districts with the same tax capacity will usually put forth the same level of tax effort.

Question 21

Explain how tax capacity is usually measured among nations.

Question 22

Define (1) fiscal capacity and (2) fiscal position. Do they differ? How?

Question 23

Define (1) Gross Domestic Product (GNP) and (2) Gross National Income (GNI)

Question 24

How does the determination of tax capacity differ from tax effort of a state or nation?

Question 25

What fiscal measures can states undertake to equalize educational opportunity?

Question 26

What are the three approaches used by states to measure local tax paying ability?

Question 27

How do states normally measure taxpaying ability of a local school district?

Question 28

How may the fractionalization of social groups affect tax effort for public schools?

Question 29

Explain why more centralized governments may have more favorable political climates for favorable social redistribution for education.

Question 30

Explain how one can determine the degree of fractionalizations of a society.