Question 1

A codified system of laws is more prevalent in which form of legal system?&#10;A) Common law&#10;B) Civil law&#10;C) Bureaucratic law&#10;D) Theocracy

Accepted Answer

A codified system of laws is more prevalent in civil law legal systems where laws are written into codes and statutes that are accessible to all citizens. Common law legal systems, on the other hand, rely heavily on precedent and case law, while bureaucratic law is centered around administrative regulations and procedures. Theocracy is a system of government where religious leaders have authority over the legal system, and the laws are derived from religious texts rather than codified statutes.

Question 2

England is known for its system of ________ which decisions are made by the courts based on legal ______.&#10;A) Civil law, enactments&#10;B) Common law, enactments&#10;C) Civil law, precedence&#10;D) Common law, precedence

Accepted Answer

England is known for its common law system where decisions are made by the courts based on legal precedence, meaning previous court rulings serve as legal precedent for future cases. Civil law refers to a legal system based on enacted statutes and codes.

Question 3

The application of one country's laws to activities outside its borders is known as _______.&#10;A) Legal sovereignty&#10;B) Act of state doctrine&#10;C) Extraterritoriality&#10;D) Sovereign immunity

Accepted Answer

Extraterritoriality refers to the application of a country's laws to activities occurring outside its borders. This can occur in cases such as anti-bribery laws or economic sanctions.

Question 4

________ are possible in response to subsidies by domestic governments to protect fledgling industries.&#10;A) Countervailing duties&#10;B) Antidumping duties&#10;C) Predatory pricing policies&#10;D) Calvo doctrines

Accepted Answer

Countervailing duties are designed to counteract the effects of subsidies provided by foreign governments to their own domestic industries, which harm the competitiveness of firms in importing countries. However, countervailing duties can also be imposed in response to subsidies provided by domestic governments to protect fledgling industries. This helps to level the playing field for domestic producers who are not receiving similar subsidies. Antidumping duties, on the other hand, are imposed in response to unfair pricing practices by foreign firms, and predatory pricing policies are when prices are set artificially low to drive competitors out of the market. The Calvo Doctrine is a principle of international law that holds that foreign nationals are not entitled to more rights than those available to nationals of the host country. None of these concepts are directly related to subsidies provided by domestic governments.

Question 5

The primary objective of anti-trust legislation is ___________.&#10;A) To challenge the growth of monopoly power in industries&#10;B) To ensure that the foreign corrupt policies act is followed&#10;C) To prevent business from engaging in competitive activities&#10;D) To restrict the growth of monopolistic governmental power

Accepted Answer

The primary objective of anti-trust legislation is to challenge the growth of monopoly power in industries, as it is believed that monopolies can lead to unfair market competition and harm consumers. The other options are not accurate descriptions of the objectives of anti-trust legislation.

Question 6

The larger ones income, the higher the taxation is known as _______.&#10;A) sin tax&#10;B) Value added tax&#10;C) Progressive tax&#10;D) Regressive tax

Accepted Answer

The description given in the question corresponds to the definition of a progressive tax. It is a tax system where the tax rate increases as the income of an individual or entity (such as a business) increases. This is done to ensure that those who earn more, pay a larger share of their income as taxes, which is intended to promote income equality and reduce income inequality. The other options, sin tax and value-added tax, are different types of taxes that do not necessarily increase with income. A sin tax is a tax imposed on products that are considered to be harmful, such as tobacco or alcohol, while a value-added tax is a tax on the value added at every stage of production in a supply chain. A regressive tax, on the other hand, is a tax system where the tax rate decreases as the income of an individual or entity increases, which can have the opposite effect of a progressive tax by placing a heavier burden on those with lower incomes.

Question 7

Patents concern ______, while trademarks concern _______.&#10;A) Products or processes, music or art&#10;B) Services or ideas, products or processes&#10;C) Products or processes, designs and logos&#10;D) Products, services

Accepted Answer

Patents concern the protection of products or processes, while trademarks concern designs and logos.

Option A is incorrect because patents are not related to music or art, which are protected by copyright law.

Option B is incorrect because patents do not protect ideas, and trademarks do not protect services.

Option D is incorrect because trademarks do not protect products or processes, and patents do not protect services.

Question 8

The ______ provides for protection of patents and trademarks.&#10;A) Paris Convention&#10;B) Bern Convention&#10;C) Madrid Convention&#10;D) Montreal Convention

Accepted Answer

The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property provides for the protection of patents and trademarks.

Question 9

______ is a cheaper and quicker method of contract dispute resolution than _______.&#10;A) Litigation, arbitration&#10;B) Arbitration, litigation&#10;C) reciprocity, litigation&#10;D) reciprocity, arbitration

Accepted Answer

Arbitration is generally cheaper and quicker than litigation, which involves going to court.

Question 10

A key provision in the principle of comity is _______.&#10;A) Sovereign immunity&#10;B) Mediation&#10;C) Adaptation&#10;D) Reciprocity

Accepted Answer

Comity is based on reciprocity, which means that each country agrees to respect the laws and judicial decisions of other countries. In other words, if one country agrees to recognize and enforce the judgments of another country, the other country will do the same. This helps promote cooperation and trade between nations. Sovereign immunity is a separate legal doctrine that protects governments from being sued in foreign courts. Mediation and adaptation are not key provisions of comity.

Question 11

Civil Law is typically practiced in the United States.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Civil Law is typically practiced in the...

Question 12

Predatory pricing is allowed under international law in order to protect infant industries.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Predatory pricing is allowed under international law...

Question 13

Theocracies are subject to sudden changes in laws.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Theocracies are subject to sudden changes in...

Question 14

The United States recently moved to a first to file patent-granting policy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The United States recently moved to a...

Question 15

Copyrights can be granted on musical works.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Copyrights can be granted on musical works....

Deck 8: International Law and Global Orientations