Deck 8: The Northeastern Forests

Question 1

Which of the following led to the development of the Iroquoian longhouse?

A) a cultural need to display new forms of weaving
B) the need to protect females in the tribe from raids by neighboring groups
C) strong matrilineal organization and matrilocal postmarital residence
D) the introduction of iron tools that allowed for the harvesting of old-growth forests

Answer 1

C

Question 2

In what general region did Siouan and Algonquian groups rely heavily on wild rice for subsistence?

A) Mid-Atlantic coast
B) Hudson Bay
C) Great Lakes
D) Appalachian Mountains

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Algonquian rock art emphasizes imagery of __________________.

A) transformation and sexuality
B) political organization and powerful gods
C) warfare and human sacrifice
D) hunting and fishing

Answer 3

A

Question 4

During the Medieval Maximum the boundary at which 120 frost-free days occur annually shifted further __________________.

A) northeast
B) south
C) west
D) north

Question 5

Why did maize not become a staple crop for all Eastern Algonquians living along the Atlantic coast?

A) Not all Eastern Algonquians possessed the pottery needed to process and cook maize and maize products.
B) Maize was too risky and prone to failure in northern coastal areas with shortened growing seasons and heavy fall frosts.
C) Wheat was introduced earlier along the coast and took the place of maize as a staple crop.
D) Maize could not be grown in coastal areas prone to flooding and heavy rains.

Question 6

Swordfish rastra fashioned from __________________ into bayonets were probably not functional.

A) slate
B) engraved daggers
C) bone
D) chert

Question 7

Which new cultigen appeared after 1200 CE, reducing dependence on meat and allowing villages to more easily adapt to climate changes?

A) maize
B) squash
C) beans
D) tomatoes

Question 8

Although phytolithic evidence suggests maize was present very early in the Northeast, macroscopic and __________________ evidence suggest it was not in widespread use until 900 CE.

A) carbonized kernels
B) coprolite
C) deer bones
D) isotopic

Question 9

__________________ farming required periodic relocation of villages because new fields were opened progressively further away.

A) Swidden
B) Maize
C) Wetland
D) Intensive

Question 10

The majority of animal effigy mounds are found in __________________.

A) southern Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, and Illinois
B) New England and the Maritimes
C) southern Mississippi
D) the Lower Great Lakes region

Question 11

Most animal effigy mounds date to the Archaic period.

Question 12

Unlike mounds of the Eastern Woodlands, effigy mounds were __________________.

A) burial mounds.
B) built in single building episodes.
C) ceremonial sites.
D) habitational villages.

Question 13

Iroquoian longhouses were comprised of saplings and flattened bark sheets, not unlike smaller Algonquian __________________.

A) wigwams
B) wampum
C) palisades
D) wickiups

Question 14

Trails in the northern regions functioned as mere portages, suggesting __________________ were a common mode of transportation.

A) dogsleds
B) horses
C) birchbark canoes
D) pushcarts

Question 15

The average longhouse contained roughly __________________ people of many families.

A) 3
B) 5
C) 10
D) 15

Question 16

__________________ functioned as currency and memory aids amongst the Iroquoians and Algonquians.

A) Khipus
B) Tobacco
C) Cacao beans
D) Wampum

Question 17

The word "hockey" is probably derived from Iroquoian __________________, which was played on ice in the winter.

A) handball
B) lacrosse
C) football
D) snow snake

Question 18

Unlike European families that had adapted to high __________________, Native American families were much smaller and less adapted to disease.

A) childhood mortality
B) milk content
C) protein
D) alcoholism

Question 19

Before the introduction of __________________, Maritime Archaic groups made containers of soft soapstone.

A) canoes
B) pottery
C) steatite
D) wampum

Question 20

Resources like __________________ were natural limitations on population density for northern farmers.

A) beans
B) maize
C) deer
D) tree bark

Question 21

Effigy mounds tend to have ceremonial hearths __________________.

A) where secondary burials were located
B) at the head of the animal depicted
C) at the center of residential structures
D) where the depicted animal's heart would be