Deck 4: Archaic Cultures

Question 1

Which of the following is not a trend that is observed during the Archaic?

A) resource diversification to more and smaller game species
B) a general decrease in mobility featuring seasonally permanent camps
C) increased importance of food storage
D) relatively simple technology

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The approximate population that local groups must reach to make it possible to establish exclusive social and political boundaries, deny resources to outsiders, and store food for future consumption is __________________.

A) 50
B) 500
C) 1,000
D) 5,000

Answer 2

B

Question 3

During the Archaic period, Native Americans influenced the makeup of Holocene forests and reshaped the landscape of parts of America through the use of __________________.

A) horses
B) irrigation
C) saws
D) fire

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The Archaic Period was originally conceived by archaeologists as __________________.

A) the brief period in which Paleoindians made bronze tools
B) the name for the segment of time when the first Paleoindians existed in North America
C) the long period of hunting and gathering between the Paleoindian period and the advent of agriculture and pottery production
D) a brief period of extremely rapid development in which large, permanent settlements were built

Question 5

Which of the following is the best description of "debitage"?

A) waste flakes and chips from the manufacture of stone tools
B) any and all camp garbage, including animal remains, shell, pottery, and waste flakes from the production of stone tools
C) the process by which a tribe obtains resources through raiding
D) the period of time in a tribe when a female becomes eligible for marriage

Question 6

Which of the following plants is NOT a plant initially domesticated in North or Meso-America?

A) squash
B) tomato
C) maize
D) beans

Question 7

After the Pleistocene, the Great Plains grasslands extended from __________________.

A) Texas to Canada
B) southern California to Washington
C) Florida to New Jersey
D) Eastern to Western Canada

Question 8

Although the warming Holocene created more stable climates for plant domestication, cultivation of plants did not occur at the same time everywhere because __________________.

A) the climate was still too variable
B) some places focused on animals instead of plants
C) environmental conditions varied from place to place
D) population growth and human ingenuity varied from place to place

Question 9

Two indices correlated to Holocene climate history are:

A) water temperature and 2H
B) ice debris and 14C
C) 18O and 38Ar
D) 14C and 14N

Question 10

A major driver behind mobility was __________________.

A) cave flooding
B) risk minimization
C) logistical necessity
D) domestication

Question 11

Archaeological remains found in Mammoth Cave are mostly restricted to __________________.

A) the entrance area
B) the Archaic period
C) exotic minerals
D) underwater caverns

Question 12

Stochastic variables have the greatest effect on __________________ populations.

A) small
B) big
C) Native American
D) belligerent

Question 13

Weirs are stone fences usually constructed in __________________.

A) fields
B) canyons
C) gardens
D) rivers

Question 14

Of 148 mammalian candidates for domestication worldwide, only __________________ occur in the Americas.

A) 72
B) half
C) 24
D) 100

Question 15

The style of a projectile point can be an indicator of __________________.

A) time and region
B) targeted prey
C) hunter strength
D) cultural psychology

Question 16

Flexible ironwood became a preferred material for spear-throwers and made more efficient through the addition of __________________, originally believed to be ceremonial objects.

A) nutting stones
B) feathers
C) bannerstones
D) projectile points

Question 17

All Archaic societies transitioned to more complex ones by 3500 BC.

Question 18

__________________ are similar but originated independently and do not have a common cultural origin.

A) Homologs
B) Kames
C) Cultures
D) Analogs

Question 19

__________________ mobility refers to temporary dispatch of task groups for specialized purposes.

A) Territorial
B) Residential
C) Logistical
D) Collecting

Question 20

In the Archaic, people tended to be more mobile than previous periods.

Question 21

Initial plant domestication in Eastern North America began around __________________.

A) 3000 BC
B) 6000 BC
C) 10,000 BC
D) AD 300