Question 1

The Calusa of southern Florida developed chiefdoms despite their __________________&#10;A) refusal to adopt agriculture and grow maize&#10;B) inability to select strong leaders&#10;C) lack of written writing&#10;D) tendency to relocate their towns frequently as a result of swidden farming

Accepted Answer

The Calusa did not practice agriculture or grow maize, yet they were able to develop chiefdoms.

Question 2

Which of the following has been proposed as a feature that limited trade around the rim of the Gulf Coast?&#10;A) the inability of cultures to communicate via a shared language&#10;B) a lack of timber to construct boats&#10;C) a system of currents that is erratic and unable to be navigated&#10;D) the existence of two major sea gaps and a desert gap

Accepted Answer

The existence of two major sea gaps and a desert gap has been proposed as a feature that limited trade around the rim of the Gulf Coast. These gaps made it difficult for people to travel by sea and land, limiting the exchange of goods and ideas between different cultures.

Question 3

The earliest Ceramic Age migrants into the Caribbean originated from __________________.&#10;A) the Magdalena River valley of Colombia&#10;B) the Rio Negro region of Amazonas, Brazil&#10;C) the Orinoco River valley of Venezuela&#10;D) the Paran&#225; River region of Paraguay

Accepted Answer

The earliest Ceramic Age migrants into the Caribbean are believed to have originated from the Orinoco River valley of Venezuela. This migration is thought to have occurred due to the development of agriculture and pottery, which allowed these groups to expand into new territories, including the Caribbean islands.

Question 4

Which of the following was NOT a European contribution to the West Indies in the late 15th/early 16th century?&#10;A) rats and mice&#10;B) potatoes&#10;C) grapes and sugarcane&#10;D) smallpox and measles

Accepted Answer

Potatoes are native to South America and were not introduced to Europe until after the colonization of the West Indies. Therefore, they could not have been a European contribution to the West Indies in the late 15th/early 16th century. The other options are all examples of European contributions to the region.

Question 5

The first wave of people to colonize the Greater Antilles most likely migrated by boat from the __________________&#10;A) northernmost tip of Venezuela&#10;B) southern tip of Florida&#10;C) Yucatan Peninsula&#10;D) Gulf Coast of Texas

Accepted Answer

The Greater Antilles include Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, and Puerto Rico, which are located in the Caribbean Sea. The Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico is the closest land mass to the Greater Antilles, making it the most likely starting point for the first wave of people to colonize the area by boat.

Question 6

Which of the following sites was discovered during the course of a modern construction project and illustrates the complications that can arise when archaeological finds become politicized?&#10;A) Crystal River&#10;B) Safety Harbor&#10;C) Key Marco&#10;D) Miami Circle

Accepted Answer

The Miami Circle was discovered during a modern construction project in 1998 and was quickly politicized due to its location on valuable real estate in downtown Miami. The site is believed to have been a Tequesta Indian ceremonial space over 2,000 years ago. Many stakeholders including developers, archaeologists, and Native American groups became involved in the controversy over what to do with the site, leading to a long legal battle and ultimately a compromise to preserve and incorporate the circle into a park.

Question 7

Which was not a feature of the Lake Jackson Mound Ceremonial Center?&#10;A) agricultural fields&#10;B) burials of men and women chiefs&#10;C) plazas&#10;D) residential areas

Accepted Answer

The Lake Jackson Mound Ceremonial Center was primarily a ceremonial and political center with features like burials of chiefs, plazas, and residential areas, but it did not include agricultural fields as a feature.

Question 8

What archaeological discovery at Safety Harbor revealed mound areas were used after Spanish Contact?&#10;A) copper pipes&#10;B) metal artifacts&#10;C) maize&#10;D) cotton

Accepted Answer

The archaeological discovery of metal artifacts at Safety Harbor indicates that the mound areas were used after Spanish contact, as metal was not present in the area before European exploration and colonization. The other options (copper pipes, maize, and cotton) do not necessarily indicate post-Spanish contact use of the mounds.

Question 9

&#34;Big Circle&#34; sites are characteristic of what culture tradition?&#10;A) Weeden Island&#10;B) Belle Glade&#10;C) Pensacola&#10;D) Safety Harbor

Accepted Answer

The "Big Circle" sites, characterized by large circular earthworks, are a distinctive feature of the Belle Glade culture tradition, which was centered in the Lake Okeechobee Basin of Florida.

Question 10

Which of the following coastal cultural may have had connections with the Pensacola culture in the Southeastern United States?&#10;A) Aztecs&#10;B) Zapotecs&#10;C) Huastecs&#10;D) Mixtecs

Accepted Answer

The Huastecs, located along the Gulf Coast in what is now northeastern Mexico, are the most likely among the options to have had connections with the Pensacola culture due to geographical proximity and the potential for trade or cultural exchange across the Gulf of Mexico. The other groups mentioned were based in central and southern Mexico, making direct interactions with the Pensacola culture less likely.

Question 11

Which best characterizes the two phases at the Tibes Ceremonial Center?&#10;A) Saladoid period burials; post-Saladoid monumental structures&#10;B) Saladoid monumental structures; post-Saladoid period burials&#10;C) Saladoid period burials; post-Saladoid agricultural fields&#10;D) Saladoid village; post-Saladoid burials

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which best characterizes the two phases at...

Question 12

Where is the largest Calusa burial mound located?&#10;A) The Pineland Site Complex&#10;B) Safety Harbor&#10;C) Tibes ceremonial center&#10;D) Lake Jackson

Accepted Answer

The answer of Where is the largest Calusa burial mound...

Question 13

An Antillean Cosmological system involving the spirit world and ancestor veneration is known as __________________.&#10;A) creole&#10;B) effigy&#10;C) cacique&#10;D) cemiism

Accepted Answer

The answer of An Antillean Cosmological system involving the spirit...

Question 14

The site of El Chorro de Maita in Cuba is an example of the __________________ system that was forced on Caribbean peoples during the early Colonial period.&#10;A) cemiism&#10;B) creole&#10;C) encomienda&#10;D) communal

Accepted Answer

The answer of The site of El Chorro de Maita...

Question 15

A culture of mixed ancestry, usually in a colonial setting is referred to as __________________.&#10;A) Zemi&#10;B) Creole&#10;C) Mestizo&#10;D) Calusa

Accepted Answer

The answer of A culture of mixed ancestry, usually in...

Question 16

What did archaeological excavations of El Chorro de Maita cemetery reveal?&#10;A) a homogeneous group of interred individuals of entirely indigenous descent&#10;B) a homogeneous group of interred individuals of entirely African descent&#10;C) solely children of indigenous ancestry&#10;D) a diversity of interred individuals with indigenous, Mesoamerican, and African ancestries

Accepted Answer

The answer of What did archaeological excavations of El Chorro...

Question 17

Within Taino ceremonial practices in the Caribbean, only __________________could take __________________ to communicate with the supernatural.&#10;A) chieftains; hallucinogens&#10;B) chieftains; tobacco&#10;C) men; hallucinogens&#10;D) women; hallucinogens

Accepted Answer

The answer of Within Taino ceremonial practices in the Caribbean,...

Question 18

What phrase indicates that the features, layout, and artifacts are considered typical of sites particular to a certain culture?&#10;A) effigy&#10;B) zemi&#10;C) type site&#10;D) Big Circle site

Accepted Answer

The answer of What phrase indicates that the features, layout,...

Question 19

Which is an example of a type site?&#10;A) Saladero, Venezuela&#10;B) Miami Circle, Florida&#10;C) Bottle Creek, Florida&#10;D) Jacana, Puerto Rico

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is an example of a type...

Question 20

Which is the best description of Lesser Antillean indigenous communities?&#10;A) large populations, chiefdoms, ethnically similar to the Tainos&#10;B) large populations, chiefdoms, ethnically unique from Greater Antilles&#10;C) small populations, tribal-based, ethnically unique from Greater Antilles&#10;D) small populations, tribal-based, ethnically similar to the Tainos

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is the best description of Lesser...

Question 21

Which best describes Saladoid subsistence?&#10;A) a focus on only root crops and marine resources&#10;B) a focus on only seed crops and marine resources&#10;C) a mixed reliance on root crops, seed crops, and marine resources&#10;D) exclusive focus on marine resources because they had no agriculture

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which best describes Saladoid subsistence?&#10;A) a focus...

Deck 12: The Gulf Rim and the Caribbean Islands