Deck 7: Women and Work: in Pursuit of Economic Equality

Question 1

How did the separate spheres ideology take hold in the US?

A) Laws limiting women's employment immediately after colonization
B) The agrarian nature of colonial times, which kept women in the house and men in the fields
C) Early Supreme Court decisions limiting women's employment during the American Revolution
D) None of these options is correct

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The __________ was the first law that legitimately tried to close the wage gap for women.

A) Equal Pay Act of 1963
B) Title IX
C) The Equal Rights Amendment
D) The Paycheck Fairness Law

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The Smith Amendment to the Civil Rights Act of 1964

A) added sexual orientation to workplace discrimination prohibitions
B) added ethnicity to workplace discrimination prohibitions
C) added sex to workplace discrimination prohibitions
D) added socioeconomic status to workplace discrimination prohibitions

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which agency of the federal Department of Labor government enforces the equal pay acts?

A) The Equal Pay Commission
B) The Internal Revenue Service
C) National Equal Pay Task Force
D) The Equal Opportunity Employment Commission

Question 5

The cases of Gratz v. Bollinger and Grutter v. Bollinger had the effect of

A) limiting the role that affirmative action criteria can play in university admissions
B) expanding the role that affirmative action criteria can play in university admissions
C) limiting the role affirmative action criteria can play in awarding federal grants
D) expanding the role affirmative action criteria can play in awarding federal grants

Question 6

Subtle, or even unconscious, bias against women is known as

A) hidden bias
B) unstated bias
C) second-generation discrimination
D) micro discrimination

Question 7

The belief that the work of women is less valuable than the work of men is known as

A) Gender segregation
B) Devaluation hypothesis
C) Relative resources approach
D) Disparate treatment

Question 8

The law that states that the 180-day statute of limitations for filing an equal pay lawsuit resets with each new discriminatory paycheck is the

A) Paycheck Fairness law
B) The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act
C) Equal Pay Act
D) Title IX

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the Pregnancy Discrimination Act is true?

A) The Pregnancy Discrimination Act is consistent with the legal equality approach
B) The Pregnancy Discrimination Act dictates that if an employer offers health insurance it must offer coverage for pregnancy and childbirth
C) The Pregnancy Discrimination Act effectively overturned the General Electric v. Gilbert decision
D) All of the statements are true

Question 10

The idea that women face an invisible barrier that prevents them from moving into higher-level positions in business and politics is known as

A) the glass elevator
B) the glass ceiling
C) the sticky floor
D) the ivory tower

Question 11

A form of online harassment or abuse is ___________.

A) tipping
B) tweeting
C) trolling
D) picking

Question 12

The phenomenon of women's promotion to leadership in a company that is doing badly is known as

A) The concrete ceiling
B) The glass cliff
C) The glass ceiling
D) the glass elevator

Question 13

The concept of _____________, as a means for explaining the pay gap, is defined as consistently working more than 50 hours a week and is more often performed by men.

A) Gendered work time
B) Overwork
C) Overtime
D) Male work equity

Question 14

___________ would allow courts to impose stronger penalties for equal pay violations, as well as compensatory and punitive damages

A) The Equal Pay Act
B) The Disclose Act
C) The Paycheck Fairness Act
D) Executive Order 1262

Question 15

One of the arguments for how Social Security can be unfair to women is

A) Women are not credited for maternity leave
B) Single women and duel earner couples are asked to subsidize stay-at-home moms
C) Unpaid work of women is not calculated into Social Security
D) All of these responses are correct

Question 16

Under Title VII, an employer can legally pay less based on gender if it is a ____________.

Question 17

Deceives law enforcement into responding to a made-up emergency to harass someone is called _____________.

Question 18

_________ marks the day in a second year on which women as a group finally earn the same as a man's income in the previous year.

Question 19

Employed women typically bear the ________, as most of the household labor is performed by her.

Question 20

________ __________ is another term for the low-income jobs women usually hold which leads to higher poverty rates for women.

Question 21

Discuss the limitations on criteria that the Supreme Court has place on the bona fide occupational qualification.

Question 22

What did the Pregnancy Discrimination Act do?

Question 23

What are some of the standards of proof in sexual harassment cases?

Question 24

Why are more women than men living in poverty?

Question 25

How do recessions affect women?

Question 26

Evaluate the underlying reasons for the dual labor force. Why are some jobs predominately held by women and others by men?

Question 27

Compare the sources for the wage gap. Which source makes most sense to explain the continuing wag gap to you? Why?