Deck 13: Living the Ecological Society

Question 1

According to the text, to learn to understand our lives as minute points of the intersections of biography and history within society and ecology is what we might call the:

A) sociological imagination.
B) environmental sociological imagination.
C) social reconstitution of behavior.
D) art of political disguise.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The A-B split is:

A) the split between the ideal and the material.
B) the split between attitudes and behaviors.
C) the difference between what people say they value and believe, and how they act.
D) all of the above.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

When social structures are rearranged and reconsidered, they can help heal the splits in our social ecological communities. In the book, this process is termed:

A) social reconstitution.
B) conscious consumption.
C) anthropocentric environmentalism.
D) normal environmentalism.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following would NOT be found in a "new urbanism" community?

A) Mixed-income housing
B) Front porches
C) Dense development with sidewalks
D) Zoning plans that separate homes from other uses

Question 5

How do you encourage normal environmentalism?

A) Make the social structures of society amenable to environmentally friendly decisions
B) Invest in small businesses
C) Implement bottom-up environmental policy
D) Lobby political powers for administrative change

Question 6

Biking and walking are safe and convenient in the Netherlands due, in large part, to:

A) green taxes on automobile commuters.
B) smart growth policies across the European Union.
C) vast government investments in infrastructure.
D) limiting urban sprawl.

Question 7

Which of the following concepts aims to balance the serious problems of typical urban development with the power of development forces to "grow out of" anti-environmental planning decisions?

A) Smart growth
B) Urban planning
C) Fair trade
D) Land trusts

Question 8

Which of the following policy approaches attempt to make price of goods and services reflect true (environmental) costs?

A) Carbon cap and trade
B) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design standards
C) Green taxes
D) All of the above

Question 9

Which model builds new developments in the image of the kind of historical districts in older cities?

A) New urbanism
B) Transition towns
C) Industrial ecology
D) All of the above

Question 10

Juliet Schor's suggestion of limiting work hours through the 80 percent solution is an example of which view of capitalism?

A) Time banks
B) Sustainable decrease economics
C) Dematerialization
D) Industrial ecology

Question 11

Schemes that emphasize transparency and traceability, verified through third-party certification are termed:

A) green labeling.
B) values chains.
C) conscious consumption.
D) plenitude.

Question 12

Conservation land trusts assist with what task?

A) Holding land for the benefit of a community in order to provide affordable access to land and housing
B) The permanent limitation of land to certain uses, although ownership continues to belong to an individual.
C) Small business development that operate with a different set of priorities from shareholder-owned businesses
D) All of the above

Question 13

Community land trusts serve what primary function?

A) Holding land for the benefit of a community in order to provide affordable access to land and housing.
B) The permanent limitation of land to certain uses, although ownership continues to belong to an individual.
C) Small business development that operate with a different set of priorities from shareholder-owned businesses
D) All of the above

Question 14

What institution created alternative food and currency markets to combat environmental decline?

A) Transition towns
B) Intentional communities
C) Cooperatives
D) Land trusts

Question 15

Time banks allow participants to:

A) exchange services and skills with others in the community.
B) share resources like specialized tools and mutual credit.
C) go off grid.
D) all of the above.

Question 16

Green labeling, dematerialization, and industrial ecology are all examples of what?

A) Internal costs
B) Normal environmentalism
C) Positive externalities
D) Mutual aid networks

Question 17

"Factor 4" and "Factor 10" advocates are in favor of what concept?

A) Sustainability through off-grid living
B) Community land trust models
C) Internalizing environmental costs
D) Dematerialization

Question 18

Mutual aid networks are an example of how people can:

A) opt out to opt in.
B) resist political and legal consequences.
C) reorganize environmental flows.
D) reject the "faith system" that economies must always grow.

Question 19

According to Peter Barnes, capitalism over-rewards what type of people?

A) Those who are already wealthy
B) Those who own private property
C) Those who live off-grid
D) Those who are conscious consumers

Question 20

According to the final pages of the text, the three central issues of environmentalism are:

A) sustainability, human health, and wilderness conservation.
B) conservation, environmental justice, and solidarity.
C) sustainability, environmental justice, and the beauty of ecology.
D) conservation, the beauty of ecology, and the environmental sociological imagination.

Question 21

The "A-B split" is really an ideal-material split.

Question 22

American pedestrians and bicyclists are killed at six times the rate of Dutch pedestrians and bicyclists, mainly because of a difference in government supported infrastructure for these modes of transportation.

Question 23

By banning energy-inefficient incandescent light bulbs, governments create market incentives to decrease the cost of energy-efficient fluorescent bulbs.

Question 24

"Normal environmentalism" is environmentalism you don't have to worry about because you just find yourself doing it anyway.

Question 25

According to James Scott, the law is typically on the side of everyone.

Question 26

Plenitude means satisfaction with abundance rather than constant lust for more.

Question 27

Proponents of degrowth reject the "faith system" that economies must always shrink without abandoning the notion of markets. .

Question 28

Ideas of community and the boundaries of moral concern are closely intertwined.

Question 29

Sustainability considers how we draw boundaries of concern between present and future generations.

Question 30

Environmental justice considers how we draw boundaries of concern between humans and the rest of creation.

Question 31

What does the author mean by the statement, "if it is hard for people to be environmental…then being environmental will be hard"?

Question 32

Define "smart growth" and explain how "new urbanism" is related to smart growth.?

Question 33

Describe two examples of "green taxes" from the book?

Question 34

Explain the statement, "good ecology is good economics."?

Question 35

Describe two ways our lives are "socially constituted" to cause environmental problems?

Question 36

Describe two ways our lives could be socially reconstituted to provide solutions to some environmental concerns/problems?

Question 37

What is "normal environmentalism," how could it be brought into practice, and why is it likely to be both popular and effective? Explain using a form of normal environmentalism that already exists?

Question 38

Why do people's environmental attitudes often differ from their environmental behavior? What might be done to bring the two more in line with each other?

Question 39

A number of social phenomenon discussed in this course vie as the leading cause of environmental problems: overconsumption, the problem of collective action, the Western ethos, population growth, social inequality, and uneven development, to name a few. Which do you feel is the most important, and why? Justify your answer sociologically.

Question 40

The author states that, "the principle scholarly contribution of the book is the concept of ecological dialogue." Briefly explain what is meant by ecological dialogue and give an example or illustration.

Question 41

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ "The Land Ethic"

A) Aldo Leopold
B) Anthony Giddens
C) Herman Daly
D) green taxes
E) externalities
F) New Urbanism
G) ecological efficiency
H) Nicholas Pigou
I) Industrial ecology
J) Fair trade
K) Serge Latouche
L) James Scott

Question 42

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ dialogic democracy

A) Aldo Leopold
B) Anthony Giddens
C) Herman Daly
D) green taxes
E) externalities
F) New Urbanism
G) ecological efficiency
H) Nicholas Pigou
I) Industrial ecology
J) Fair trade
K) Serge Latouche
L) James Scott

Question 43

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ GPI (Genuine Progress Indicator)

A) Aldo Leopold
B) Anthony Giddens
C) Herman Daly
D) green taxes
E) externalities
F) New Urbanism
G) ecological efficiency
H) Nicholas Pigou
I) Industrial ecology
J) Fair trade
K) Serge Latouche
L) James Scott

Question 44

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ Pigouvian taxes

A) Aldo Leopold
B) Anthony Giddens
C) Herman Daly
D) green taxes
E) externalities
F) New Urbanism
G) ecological efficiency
H) Nicholas Pigou
I) Industrial ecology
J) Fair trade
K) Serge Latouche
L) James Scott

Question 45

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ carbon taxes, landfill taxes, energy taxes, pesticide taxes

A) Aldo Leopold
B) Anthony Giddens
C) Herman Daly
D) green taxes
E) externalities
F) New Urbanism
G) ecological efficiency
H) Nicholas Pigou
I) Industrial ecology
J) Fair trade
K) Serge Latouche
L) James Scott

Question 46

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ reduced use of cars

A) Aldo Leopold
B) Anthony Giddens
C) Herman Daly
D) green taxes
E) externalities
F) New Urbanism
G) ecological efficiency
H) Nicholas Pigou
I) Industrial ecology
J) Fair trade
K) Serge Latouche
L) James Scott

Question 47

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ dematerialization

A) Aldo Leopold
B) Anthony Giddens
C) Herman Daly
D) green taxes
E) externalities
F) New Urbanism
G) ecological efficiency
H) Nicholas Pigou
I) Industrial ecology
J) Fair trade
K) Serge Latouche
L) James Scott

Question 48

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ green taxes

A) Aldo Leopold
B) Anthony Giddens
C) Herman Daly
D) green taxes
E) externalities
F) New Urbanism
G) ecological efficiency
H) Nicholas Pigou
I) Industrial ecology
J) Fair trade
K) Serge Latouche
L) James Scott

Question 49

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ "closing the loop"

A) Aldo Leopold
B) Anthony Giddens
C) Herman Daly
D) green taxes
E) externalities
F) New Urbanism
G) ecological efficiency
H) Nicholas Pigou
I) Industrial ecology
J) Fair trade
K) Serge Latouche
L) James Scott

Question 50

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ Third party certification

A) Aldo Leopold
B) Anthony Giddens
C) Herman Daly
D) green taxes
E) externalities
F) New Urbanism
G) ecological efficiency
H) Nicholas Pigou
I) Industrial ecology
J) Fair trade
K) Serge Latouche
L) James Scott

Question 51

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ sustainable decrease economics

A) Aldo Leopold
B) Anthony Giddens
C) Herman Daly
D) green taxes
E) externalities
F) New Urbanism
G) ecological efficiency
H) Nicholas Pigou
I) Industrial ecology
J) Fair trade
K) Serge Latouche
L) James Scott

Question 52

Matching: Please match the term, thinker, and/or text with its complement or correspondent , by placing the appropriate identification letter/number in the space provided. (You may use answers more than once.)
-____ hidden arts of resistance

A) Aldo Leopold
B) Anthony Giddens
C) Herman Daly
D) green taxes
E) externalities
F) New Urbanism
G) ecological efficiency
H) Nicholas Pigou
I) Industrial ecology
J) Fair trade
K) Serge Latouche
L) James Scott