Deck 17: Pharmacologic Management of Degenerative Neurologic Disorders

Question 1

A patient receiving L-DOPA would not be expected to show _____________.

A)dry mouth and skin
B)nightmares
C)hallucinations
D)paranoia

Answer 1

dry mouth and skin

Question 2

Which of the following drugs is not an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor?

A)Donepezil
B)Galantamine
C)Rivastigmine
D)Memantine

Answer 2

Memantine

Question 3

Parkinsonism has been observed as a side effect for which of the following drug groups?

A)Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
B)Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
C)Tricyclic antidepressants
D)Antipsychotic medications (major tranquilizers)

Answer 3

Antipsychotic medications (major tranquilizers)

Question 4

It is assumed that in the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease there exists an imbalance between the _____________.

A)serotonin and norepinephrine systems
B)acetylcholine and dopamine systems
C)glutamine and GABA systems
D)endorphin and enkephalin systems

Question 5

Alzheimer's disease or AD is characterized by plaques and tangles as well as a marked loss of _____________.

A)cholinergic receptors
B)melatonin receptors
C)enkephalin receptors
D)norepinephrine receptors

Question 6

Glatiramar _____________.

A)is a mixture of carbohydrates with lipids resembling myelin
B)prevents the autoimmune response but is not antiinflammatory
C)is more efficacious but also more toxic than the interferons
D)acts as a myelin decoy

Question 7

Anticholinergics _____________.

A)are most effective in reducing tremors
B)cause sweating, diarrhea and bradycardia
C)are used in severe forms of PD with prominent bradydyskinesia
D)include rasagiline and tocapone

Question 8

Drugs used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease try to _____________.

A)increase dopamine and decrease acetylcholine actions
B)block actions of both dopamine and acetylcholine
C)increase actions of both dopamine and acetylcholine
D)only block the action of dopamine without affecting acetylcholine

Question 9

Modafinil _____________.

A)reduces inflammation by suppression of T cells
B)is antispastic but causes severe fatigue
C)is associated with anorexia
D)increases wakefulness and alertness

Question 10

Mitoxantrone _____________.

A)interferes with RNA action
B)can cause renal and pulmonary problems
C)has been shown to have antimicrobial actions
D)is approved for use in MS and also as an anti-cancer drug

Question 11

Interferon therapy _____________.

A)causes flu-like signs and symptoms
B)reduces autoimmune but not inflammatory processes
C)should only be started as a last resort therapy
D)includes interferon delta 1a and delta 1b

Question 12

Which one the following combinations is mismatched?

A)Bromocriptine - stimulation of dopamine receptors
B)Selegiline - inhibition of MAO-B
C)Entacapone - inhibition of COMT
D)Amantadine - stimulation of dopamine synthesis

Question 13

Which one of the following causes does not seem to be involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis?

A)Autoimmune/inflammatory processes involving T cell activities
B)Selective destruction of myelin sheet
C)Increased glutamate release
D)Selective destruction of axons

Question 14

The "OFF" phase of the "Off-On" syndrome can be hopefully avoided if the therapist schedules treatment _____________.

A)just before the next dose is to be taken
B)10 min after the drug is taken
C)1 hr after the drug is taken
D)4 hrs after the drug is taken

Question 15

Which one of the long-term adverse reactions has not been or only rarely been observed?

A)"On-off" syndrome
B)Dyskinesias
C)Decreased effectiveness of L-DOPA
D)Allergy and anaphylactic reactions

Question 16

It is assumed that part of the pathology of Parkinson's disease involves _____________.

A)excessive growth of cholinergic neurons in the motor cortex
B)death of cholinergic neurons in the basal ganglia
C)excessive growth of dopamine neurons in the motor cortex
D)death of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra

Question 17

Oral L-DOPA _____________.

A)is converted selectively in the brain to dopamine
B)is somewhat less effective than oral dopamine
C)and its absorption is enhanced by carbidopa
D)improves most disease signs except it benefits tremors the least

Question 18

Memantine _____________.

A)is a cholinergic agonist
B)shows both high efficacy and toxicity
C)is often combined with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
D)All of the above

Question 19

Which of the following is designed to bridge the gap between NSAIDs and DMARDs?

A)Corticosteroid
B)Interferons
C)Glatiramer
D)Methotrexate

Question 20

Which of the following adverse reactions might be experienced by a patient treated with an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor?

A)Diarrhea
B)Tremors
C)Tachycardia
D)Fever