Question 1

Identify the influences of Pythagoras on Psychology?&#10;A) He believed in the importance of lived experience.&#10;B) He sought to identify the underlying scientific principles of behavior.&#10;C) He introduced empiricism.&#10;D) He believed we should only study observable behavior.&#10;E) He recognized the importance of the brain in intellect and mental disorders.

Accepted Answer

B, E

Question 2

According to Descartes on which principles is all behavior based?&#10;A) Physical&#10;B) Evolutionary&#10;C) Mechanical&#10;D) Cognitive&#10;E) Behavioral

Accepted Answer

Descartes believed that all behavior is based on mechanical principles, meaning that it can be explained by the laws of physics and motion.

Question 3

What term did Helmholtz give to the idea that we add to what we see based on our previous experience?&#10;A) Inference&#10;B) Unconscious inference&#10;C) Cognitive inference&#10;D) Automatic inference&#10;E) Biased inference

Accepted Answer

Helmholtz called this concept "unconscious inference," which refers to the idea that our past knowledge and experiences can influence our perception in a way that we may not be aware of. This can lead us to fill in missing details or make assumptions about what we see.

Question 4

How many introspective observations did Wundt require participants to complete before using their data?&#10;A) 100&#10;B) 1000&#10;C) 1500&#10;D) 5000&#10;E) 10000

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many introspective observations did Wundt require...

Question 5

Mark as correct the dimensions that Wundt thought feelings could be broken down into.&#10;A) Pleasant vs unpleasant&#10;B) Positive vs negative&#10;C) Excitement vs calm&#10;D) Familiar vs unfamiliar&#10;E) Tension vs relaxation

Accepted Answer

Wilhelm Wundt, a founder of modern psychology, proposed that feelings could be classified along three dimensions: pleasantness-unpleasantness (A), excitement-calm (C), and tension-relaxation (E). These dimensions were part of his theory to understand the complexity of human emotions.

Question 6

Mark as correct the characteristics of client-centred therapy.&#10;A) Unconditional positive regard&#10;B) Cognitive reframing&#10;C) Empathic understanding&#10;D) Genuineness and congruence&#10;E) Unconscious conflicts

Accepted Answer

Client-centred therapy is focused on the client's experience and perspective, with the therapist providing a supportive and empathetic environment. Unconditional positive regard refers to the therapist's acceptance and non-judgmental attitude towards the client, fostering a sense of safety and trust. Empathic understanding involves the therapist accurately and sensitively understanding the client's perspective, feelings, and experiences. Genuineness and congruence refer to the therapist being authentic and transparent in their interactions with the client, creating a sense of honesty and trust. Cognitive reframing and unconscious conflicts are not typically emphasized in client-centred therapy.

Question 7

Which important concept did Engel introduce?&#10;A) Evidence based understanding&#10;B) Diathesis-stress&#10;C) Levels of understanding&#10;D) The biopsychosocial approach&#10;E) Epigenetics

Accepted Answer

Engel introduced the biopsychosocial approach, which emphasizes the connections and interactions between biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding health and illness.

Deck 1: Psychology: Historical Roots and Modern Approaches