Deck 3: Realistic Justice

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a Part I offense in the Uniform Crime Reporting System (UCR)?

A) Homicide
B) Aggravated assault
C) Robbery
D) Identity theft

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Why are "calls for service" data useful?

A) They provide a completely accurate picture of crime
B) They help to measure the burdens on police
C) They give insight into the prevalence of minor crimes
D) The data are not useful

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What information does the National Crime Victim Survey (NCVS) provide that is not available in UCR data?

A) Homicide counts
B) Calls for service
C) The likelihood of a crime being reported
D) The prevalence of drug use

Answer 3

C

Question 4

What is the problem with availability of business data?

A) Most businesses do not collect data
B) Business data is usually not accurate
C) Businesses charge a lot of money for their data
D) Businesses are not inclined to make their data public

Question 5

What is the advantage of examining crime rates rather than counts of crime?

Question 6

What types of crimes are more likely to be reported in self-report surveys than in police data?

Question 7

What is a facility that houses those awaiting trial and minor offenders?

A) Dungeon
B) Jail
C) Prison
D) Reformatory

Question 8

In what country did the penitentiary originate?

A) America
B) France
C) China
D) England

Question 9

What are examples of community corrections?

A) Jails and prisons
B) Restitution and fines
C) Capital and corporal punishment
D) Probation and parole

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT an intermediate sanction?

A) Halfway houses
B) Life sentences
C) Day-reporting centers
D) Split sentences

Question 11

What are some prison reforms developed by Zebulon Brockway?

Question 12

What is the classical goal of punishment?

A) Deterrence
B) Retribution
C) Incapacitation
D) Rehabilitation

Question 13

According to utilitarianism, on what do individuals base decisions?

A) Complete knowledge
B) What they think is best for society
C) Maximization of pleasure and minimization of pain
D) Supernatural forces

Question 14

What was the basis for the Boston Gun Project?

A) Gun violence was random
B) People with high self-control did not partake in gun violence
C) Only a few handfuls of offenders accounted for a large share of the gun violence
D) Most guns used in crimes are purchased legally

Question 15

In bounded rationality, what limits rationality in the decision-making process?

A) Available information
B) Limitations of the mins
C) Time available for making a decision
D) All of the above

Question 16

Why is a justice system based on excessive severity of punishment ineffective?

Question 17

When does well-timed incapacitation occur?

Question 18

How are most criminal court cases resolved?

A) Conviction by jury
B) Acquittal by jury
C) Plea bargaining
D) Mistrials

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a helpful organization to the courts?

A) Health-care facilities
B) Schools
C) Substance abuse facilities
D) All of the above

Question 20

What is the purpose of diversion programs?

A) To make sure criminals serve their full sentences
B) To prevent people from entering the system or assist them with an early exit
C) To distract police from doing their duties
D) To ensure victims' rights

Question 21

What type of evidence has helped to exonerate those wrongfully convicted of crimes?

A) Eyewitness accounts
B) DNA
C) Ballistics
D) Fingerprints

Question 22

Describe the role of judges in plea bargaining.

Question 23

What are specialty courts? Give an example.

Question 24

Which of the following groups generally have negative perceptions of police?

A) Nonwhite and Hispanic adults
B) Youths of all ethnic and social groups
C) Both a & b
D) None of the above

Question 25

What is the term for police efforts that focus on particular locations known to generate more crime at particular times?

A) Directed patrols
B) Community policing
C) Broken windows policing
D) Criminal profiling

Question 26

What is the first step in problem-oriented policing?

A) Cracking down on violence
B) Identifying a problem
C) Increasing patrols
D) Making a map

Question 27

What does it mean that police use of force can be viewed on a continuum?

Question 28

Describe a way that police officers deal with people in order to avoid arrest.

Question 29

What term is used for holding a person responsible for what was done by his partner in crime?

A) Partner responsibility
B) Probable cause
C) Conspiracy
D) Accomplice liability

Question 30

How does the juvenile justice system differ from the adult justice system?

A) The juvenile system does not usually hear criminal cases
B) The juvenile system aims to provide services, not punishment
C) The juvenile system is more punitive
D) There are no differences

Question 31

What is the most common juvenile court outcome?

A) Prison sentences
B) Probation
C) Fines
D) Corporal punishment

Question 32

What are the two types of intentional harm?

Question 33

Explain the justice system's focus on worst outcomes.