Deck 14: Sport and Religion Main Themes

Question 1

Religious behavior is universal among human groups.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Some primitive peoples played games to promote fertility in crops and cattle.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The early Christians supported Roman sport spectacles because the performers were highly paid.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

By the mid-nineteenth century, there was almost unanimous support among clergy and religious groups for sport.

Question 5

According to the authors of Muscular Christianity, with the social and economic transformations taking place in the nineteenth century, evangelical muscular Christians' prejudice against pleasure through play had broken down almost completely by the beginning of the twentieth century.

Question 6

According to one Canadian professor of comparative religion, Canadian ice hockey is a religion.

Question 7

"Sportianity" refers to a drug rehabilitation program for Christian athletes.

Question 8

Religious leaders and various organizations that make up Sportianity are on the forefront of social reform.

Question 9

A central theme of the Promise Keepers, especially concerning the confusion over appropriate male and female social roles, is a lack of appropriate male leadership.

Question 10

In his book titled The Influence of the Protestant Ethic in Sport and Recreation, the author proposes that the Protestant ethic has instilled American sport with an ethos which provides its distinct character, meaning, and guiding beliefs.

Question 11

The most frequently employed use of religion by athletes is prayer.

Question 12

According to Malinowski, magic occurs wherever the pursuit is certain, reliable, and well under the control of national methods.

Question 13

Witchcraft is one form of magic that has not been employed in sports.

Question 14

According to exhaustive research about magical practices in sport, fetishes are rarely used in baseball.

Question 15

Opposition to the use of prayers in the locker room before games, in the sideline huddles preceding games, and as public ceremonies before sports events is growing.

Question 16

In a recent US Supreme Court ruling, the court provided an unusually direct permission for school-sanctioned prayer at high school sporting events.

Question 17

An example of a taboo in sports occurs just before the start of an ice hockey game, when players skate in front of their goal and tap the goalie on the pads for good luck.

Question 18

The most powerful force for restricting sports involvement in the colonial period of America was

A) the school.
B) the church.
C) the government.
D) None of the above

Question 19

When George Gmelch applied the Malinowski thesis about where magical practices are most likely to be found in baseball, he found magical practices in baseball to be associated mostly with

A) pitching and fielding.
B) hitting and pitching.
C) hitting and fielding.
D) hitting and base running.

Question 20

Objects used by athletes that are believed to have magical powers to attain desired ends are examples of

A) the power of prayer.
B) witchcraft.
C) taboos.
D) fetishes.

Question 21

Sportianity as a sport religious movement has

A) been on the forefront in confronting pressing social issues in sport and society.
B) shown little noticeable social reform commitment.
C) been a leader in pressing for gender equity in sports.
D) been a leader in pressing for racial equity in sport.
E) B and D only

Question 22

According to its website's home page, "is the No. 1 Christian magazine for sports."

A) Sports Illustrated
B) Inside Sports
C) Sports Spectrum
D) The Christian Athlete

Question 23

According to the discussion in your textbook about the Protestant ethic and the ideology of modern sport,

A) the two share a significant equivalence.
B) the two are incompatible.
C) there is little relationship between the two.
D) A and B
E) B and C

Question 24

The first of the nondenominational organizations composed of coaches and athletes for the promotion of religion was

A) Athletes in Action.
B) Pro Athletes Outreach.
C) Fellowship of Christian Athletes.
D) Jocks for Jesus.

Question 25

For society, sociologist Emile Durkheim argued that the paramount function of religion is

A) achieving personal goals.
B) social control.
C) individual inspiration.
D) social integration.

Question 26

, the original tenets of the Protestant ethic, are the most valued qualities of an athlete.

A) Success, self-discipline, and hard work
B) Success, hard work, and winning at any cost
C) Success, self-discipline, and teamwork
D) Success, teamwork, and winning

Question 27

How do contemporary religious leaders attempt to use sport as an avenue for the promotion of religion?

Question 28

Describe the founding of the Promise Keepers and discuss its major themes and its methods for carrying out its work.

Question 29

What is Sportianity? Give examples of its forms and functions.

Question 30

In what ways do coaches and athletes employ magical practices? Give illustrations from the world of sports of rituals, taboos, and fetishes.

Question 31

Despite the parallels between sport and religion, arguments have been advanced against the notion of sport as religion. Describe and discuss several of the arguments against sport as religion.

Question 32

If one places the values inherent in the Protestant ethic and the ideology of modern sport side by side, the two share a significant equivalence and an elective affinity. Describe and discuss this elective affinity between the Protestant ethic and modern sports.