Deck 12: Sport and the Mass Media Main Themes

Question 1

The systems of mass media communication can be grouped into two major categories: printed media and electronic media.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The mass media is a powerful ideological institution because the messages and images that it creates help shape and mold the national and international cultural atmosphere.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Functionalists contend that mass media sport tends to promote and sustain the unequal distribution of power and wealth, as well as legitimizing existing unequal social relations related to class, gender, and race.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

From the mid-1920s to the early 1950s radio was the primary medium for broadcasting sports news and live sports events.

Question 5

"Rights fees" sold to commercial and cable television networks by the professional sports leagues constitute a rather small proportion of the total revenue of professional team sports.

Question 6

In the United States, the major television networks are publicly owned.

Question 7

Television networks charge corporations advertising fees based on the anticipated number of viewers.

Question 8

In order to discourage conflicts of interest, all of the professional team sports leagues prohibit the ownership of professional team sports franchises by media corporations.

Question 9

In the world of journalism, sports journalists are held in high esteem.

Question 10

One of the tenets of television sportscasters is that they are journalists first and sport promoters second.

Question 11

Television has enhanced the expansion and financial status of some professional sport enterprises, but the lack of network television contracts has been responsible for the demise of others.

Question 12

Television is fundamentally a journalistic enterprise.

Question 13

The Internet had its origins in US Defense Department research.

Question 14

The National Federation of State High School Associations has recently taken a position opposing national network televising of high school athletic events.

Question 15

The process of selection is one way television manipulates sports and gives coherence to the sports world.

Question 16

Although popular, sports websites do not consistently rank among Internet leaders in terms of traffic and commercial activity.

Question 17

Sportscasters mediate a sporting event and thus create the listeners' and viewers' experiences of the event through their intervention.

Question 18

No women's professional team sport league has ever secured a major national TV network contract.

Question 19

Two of the prominent roles of the mass media are

A) communication of information and entertainment.
B) social integration and social change.
C) communication and social integration.
D) social integration and entertainment.

Question 20

The National Federation of State High School Associations has taken

A) a position opposing national network televising of high school sports.
B) a position supporting national network televising of high school sports.
C) no position on national network televising of high school sports.
D) a position of televising high school sports events with its own TV network.

Question 21

The primary source of power of the mass media is derived from

A) federal government ownership.
B) constitutional protection.
C) large corporate organization.
D) A and B
E) B and C

Question 22

and are ways in which television mediates a sporting event.

A) media selection, media narrative
B) media narrative, media rights fees
C) media rights fees, media selection
D) A and B
E) A and C

Question 23

The first sports sections to become a regular feature of newspapers appeared in the

A) early nineteenth century.
B) after World War II.
C) the latter nineteenth century.
D) just before World War II.

Question 24

Over the past fifty years, virtually every sport had had its own video game. One of the first sport video games was

A) Hockey Night in Canada
B) Tennis for Two
C) NBA Basketball
D) John Madden Football

Question 25

Sports is one arena in which the media's reporting of events is

A) objective and unbiased.
B) done by unqualified people.
C) blatantly manipulated.
D) held in high esteem by journalists.

Question 26

Which of the following statements is not true? By the early 1990s, female sports writers had

A) won access to locker rooms and other facilities pertaining to their work.
B) overcome all discrimination based on their gender in sport journalism.
C) held TV sports anchor positions.
D) become sports writers for major newspapers.

Question 27

Which of the following was not one of the structures or processes of sport that was manipulated to enhance viewer appeal and accommodate programming needs of media sport?

A) Moving the sideline hash marks and kickoff spot in the National Football League
B) Adopting the shot clock in the National Basketball Association
C) Increasing the size of the baseball in Major League Baseball
D) Establishing a tiebreaker system of scoring in professional tennis
E) Replacing match play by medal play in Professional Golfers' Association tournaments

Question 28

In 1995 created the X Games as a made-for-TV alternative sporting event.

A) ESPN
B) CNN/SI
C) CBS
D) FOX Sports

Question 29

Based on empirical research, which of the following is the most accurate statement about the effects of video games playing?

A) Prolonged sports video game players exhibit enhanced violent attitudes and behavior.
B) Prolonged sports video game players exhibit poorer sportsmanship attitudes and behavior when playing organized sports.
C) There is little research demonstrating that sports video game playing influences attitudes and behaviors toward values such as sportsmanship, violence, and morality.
D) Prolonged sports video game playing improves batting averages of baseball players.

Question 30

The current cutting edge in communications for sports consumers is

A) instant replays.
B) wrap-up shows after games.
C) the Internet.
D) sports talk radio programs.

Question 31

In 2014 Richard Lapchick and his colleagues found that women made up between
Percent of the total staffs of Associated Press Sports Editors (APSE) member newspapers and websites, APSE women serving as sports editors, and female columnists.

A) 10 and 22
B) 14 and 25
C) 10 and 14
D) 20 and 26

Question 32

Each form of the mass media has made an impact on sport in its own way, but television has had the most profound impact. Describe TV's impact on revenue, popularity shifts, game modifications, and redefining the meaning of sport.

Question 33

What does it mean to say that media sport is mediated? Describe several of the ways in which media sport is mediated.

Question 34

Sports journalism is a peculiar occupation. Describe the status (esteem) of sports journalists, including sportscasters, in the world of journalism and explain the reasons for this status.

Question 35

Summarize historical and current conditions with regard to women and people of color in sport journalism.