Deck 34: Criminal and Forensic Psychology

Question 1

Most homicide offenders have a mental disorder.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Which three separate tersm are used by Maguire to distinguish between approaches to the study of 'the criminal mind'?

A)Hypnotism
B)Criminological psychology (sometimes referred to as criminal psychology)
C)Legal psychology
D)Forensic psychology

Answer 2

Criminological psychology (sometimes referred to as criminal psychology)
Legal psychology
Forensic psychology

Question 3

What did Sampson and Laub find to be the key factors in understanding the link between adolescent delinquency and adult criminality?

A)unemployment
B)informal social controls
C)weak social bonds
D)strong bonds in adulthood

Answer 3

informal social controls
strong bonds in adulthood

Question 4

According to Moffit, part of the explanation for for life-course persistent offending lies in not only early family risk factors, but also, controversially;

A)ethnic origin
B)cognitive deficits
C)neurological abnormalities
D)genetic factors

Question 5

Which techniques have psychological profilers such as David Cantor used to identify unknown offenders in 'stranger murders' ?

A)characteristics of the victim
B)traces of behaviours left at the scene
C)things done by offender to the victim
D)DNA samples

Question 6

What is the approach to assessing the veracity of evidence known as statement validity analysis (SVA) involve?

Question 7

What did the 'Innocence Project' in the US find was the biggest cause of wrongful convictions?

Question 8

What might make a witness 'vulnerable'?

Question 9

How might expert witnesses affect the outcome of cases in court?

Question 10

What are the four obstacles Maguire says have tended to limit broader acceptance of psychological approaches to crime ?

A)Positivism
B)androcentrism
C)Individualism
D)Biologism
E)Determinism

Question 11

How can the study of risk factors prevent crime?

A)By eliminating 'risky' populations
B)By engaging 'at risk' youngsters in diversionary interventions
C)There is no evidence of how this can happen

Question 12

Offender profiling is a means to identify the individual offender of a particular crime.

Question 13

Cognitive interview techniques have eliminated the likelihood of false confessions during police interrogation.

Question 14

Experienced detectives find the discovery of lying during an interrogation straightforward.

Question 15

Most people can recall aspects of incidents such as car accidents with clarity.

Question 16

What is developmental criminology?

A)a method of looking at how crime developed in history
B)the study of crime and the life course
C)the study of criminal children

Question 17

Within developmental psychology risk factors are:

A)the way offenders assess whether they should commit a crime
B)variables that predict an increased probability of later offending
C)trends in rising juvenile crime

Question 18

Within developmental psychology protective factors are:

A)anti virus software
B)means of stopping people committing crimes
C)factors that increase an individual's protections against, or resistance to, 'undesirable outcomes'

Question 19

What is 'cognitive empathy'?

A)the ability to understand people's feelings
B)experiencing other people's feelings
C)impulsiveness

Question 20

What is the basis for cognitive skills programmes?