Deck 30: Youth Crime and Youth Justice

Question 1

Cannabis is the most frequently used illicit drug used by 15 -20 year olds.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What is an ISSP?

Answer 2

The Intensive Supervision and Support Programme (ISSP) can be used as a condition of bail, or as an adjunct to a community or custodial sentence, for serious offenders or persistent young offenders who, at the time of appearing in court, have previously been charged, warned or convicted on four or more separate occasions in the preceding 12 months and have previously received at least one community or custodial sentence.

Question 3

What evidence is there of the particular vulnerability of young people held in custody?

Answer 3

A Department of Health Psychiatric Morbidity survey (Lader et al., 1997) found that in the 12 months before entering prison, 13 per cent of male young offenders on remand and 11 per cent of those sentenced to custody had received help or treatment for a mental or emotional problem. The proportion among female young offenders was approximately double the total for males at 27 per cent - reflecting a similar pattern of particular vulnerability for adult female prisoners.

Question 4

With regard to young offenders, what are the main criticisms of the 'anti-social behaviour agenda'?

Question 5

What was the composition of New Labour's Youth Offending Teams (YOTs)?

Question 6

The early 1990s saw anxiety about youth crime rise. What was the Government's response?

A)the abandonment of measure to reduce the juvenile prison population
B)secure training orders
C)a more caring and understanding approach
D)research into the causes of youth crime

Question 7

What were two aspects of the new Conservative government's youth justice policy's 'law and order' manifesto at the end of the 1970s?

A)more social workers should be employed
B)detention centres with 'tougher' regimes
C)the 'short, sharp shock' treatment

Question 8

In the 1950s which of the following functions did the Ingleby Committee feel to be in conflict in the juvenile court?

A)the judicial functions
B)the magistrate's functions
C)the welfare functions

Question 9

From the late 1970s, which drugs were a cause of particular anxiety as far as youth behaviour was concerned?

A)'crack' cocaine
B)heroin
C)methadone
D)cannabis

Question 10

Why are official criminal statistics particularly problematic in estimating trends in youth crime?

A)because people lie about their age
B)because young people cannot be surveyed without parental consent
C)because the number of ten to 17 year-olds in the population may change

Question 11

From self report data, what is the Home Office's (2006) definition of 'frequent' offending?

A)two or more offences in the previous year
B)six or more offences in the previous year
C)ten or more offences in the previous year

Question 12

According to self report studies, what is the peak age for offending for young men?

A)10 to 15
B)15 to 18
C)18 to 24

Question 13

What percentage of all those cautioned or convicted are aged under 21?

A)0.37
B)0.47
C)0.57

Question 14

The introduction of Anti-Social Behaviour Orders (ASBOs) as part of the 1998 Crime and Disorder Act was aimed at helping communities without using criminal sanctions.

Question 15

Youth Court referral orders are mandatory for a minimum of three and a maximum of 12 months depending on the seriousness of the crime.

Question 16

No child under the age of ten can be found guilty in England and Wales.

Question 17

Young people are most likely to be the victims of personal crime.

Question 18

How does restorative youth justice operate?