Deck 10: Leadership in Public Administration

Question 1

Which of the following is TRUE about the difference between leadership and management?

A) Both concepts are applied the same way in the public and private sectors.
B) Management is more concerned with values, innovation, and relationships than is leadership that is focused on day-to-day operations.
C) Both entail similar duties such as coordination, direction, control, monitoring and planning.
D) All of the above statements are true.
E) None of the above statements are true.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following statements referring to the relationship between leadership and management is MOST accurate?

A) Leadership is more important than management.
B) Leadership and management are complementary concepts.
C) Management is more important than leadership.
D) Leadership and management are the same thing.
E) Executives lead, while first line supervisors manage.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The type of authority that is derived from the leader's charisma, expertise, and relationships with peers is called

A) personal authority.
B) positional authority.
C) formal authority.
D) management.
E) street-level bureaucracy.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The level of leadership that exercises leadership by motivating and guiding subordinates to achieve organizational goals, primarily through teaching and focusing on day-to-day operations is called

A) mid-level management.
B) first-line supervision.
C) executive level.
D) Congressional level.
E) street level.

Question 5

A major criticism of trait theories of leadership is that

A) traits are the defining element in determining success in leadership positions.
B) there is little guidance as to what behavior will result in high quality relationships.
C) task-oriented leaders tend to exercise more control over subordinates.
D) there is a lack of consensus as to which traits constitute leadership ability.
E) it is impossible to identify traits by simply observing leaders.

Question 6

The objective of contingency theory is to

A) identify the traits that determine success in leadership positions.
B) emphasize group achievement and incorporate others' point of view.
C) reduce task-oriented behavior and increate person-oriented behavior.
D) create a path that followers use to cut through the complex environment to achieve organizational goals.
E) fit leaders with specific styles into situations that are "favorable" to them.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about Leader-Member Exhange (LMX) Theory is TRUE?

A) LMX is another approach to the study of leadership that emphasizes relationships in the work environment.
B) Leaders are effective when they create as many "high-quality" dyadic relationships as possible.
C) Because LMX looks at leadership from the perspective of both leader and subordinate, it creates an awareness of previously unrecognized components.
D) All of the above are true.
E) None of the above are true.

Question 8

The feminist critique of our current understanding of leadership includes which of the following?

A) Modern society is in need of a type of leadership that focuses on nurturing and caring that men are incapable of providing.
B) Leadership concepts are embedded with underlying masculine connotations that grant privileged status to those values most often associated with male professionals.
C) Women are inherently more capable of leadership than men.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 9

Transactional leaders can be BEST described as those who

A) inculcate in employees a sense of higher purpose or larger vision.
B) tend to rely on exchange such as rewards and other incentives to get employees to perform.
C) downplay the significance of material rewards and incentive to transcend self-interest.
D) emphasize self-actualization in service of the organization and society.
E) rely on charisma and personal power to achieve organizational goals.

Question 10

Which level of leadership is most concerned with setting the direction of the organization through crises, or carrying out organizational change?

A) mid-level
B) ground-level (street-level)
C) executive (upper level)
D) Congressional level
E) None of the above.

Question 11

Privatizing and downsizing to achieve greater organizational efficiency are central to the idea of conservatorship.

Question 12

In public leadership even minor mistakes are a potential crisis given the increased attention to bureaucratic waste and unethical behavior.

Question 13

Leaders in the public sector operate with high degrees of freedom while private sector leaders must deal with formal controls that limit their ability to take risks and create dramatic change.

Question 14

Women exhibit leadership styles that are qualitatively the same as men.

Question 15

Charismatic leaders are often transformational because they inspire followers to unusually high levels of commitment.

Question 16

High quality dyadic relationships have a positive net effect on the organization and many subordinate work characteristics.

Question 17

According to path-goal theory, a supportive leader would be most effective in a low-volume production setting where workers are feeling trusted and valued.

Question 18

The failure to produce a master list of universal leader behaviors is a drawback of the behavioralist approach.

Question 19

The influence a person wields independent of his or her role in an organization is called positional authority.

Question 20

Most scholars now consider leadership and management equal partners in the organizational scheme.

Question 21

Matching Exercise
Match the concepts in the left-hand column to their counterparts in the right-hand column.
-Conservatorship

A) The actions that leaders take to get followers to reach certain goals.
B) Leader-subordinate relationships that develop through a system of complex exchanges.
C) The administrator's decision to choose a particular result among a set of possibilities.
D) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
E) A leadership style that emphasizes preserving the values of the existinginstitution.
F) The set of inherent qualities found in leaders, such as vitality, decisiveness, persuasiveness, responsibility, and intelligence.
G) The latitude taken by an administrator when choosing the best problem-solving approach.
H) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
I) An approach to public leadership emphasizing a market orientation similar to that found in private business.
J) The theory that effective leadership style is relative to the situation and that creating the right environment can help build successful leadership within an organization.

Question 22

Matching Exercise
Match the concepts in the left-hand column to their counterparts in the right-hand column.
-Contingency theory

A) The actions that leaders take to get followers to reach certain goals.
B) Leader-subordinate relationships that develop through a system of complex exchanges.
C) The administrator's decision to choose a particular result among a set of possibilities.
D) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
E) A leadership style that emphasizes preserving the values of the existinginstitution.
F) The set of inherent qualities found in leaders, such as vitality, decisiveness, persuasiveness, responsibility, and intelligence.
G) The latitude taken by an administrator when choosing the best problem-solving approach.
H) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
I) An approach to public leadership emphasizing a market orientation similar to that found in private business.
J) The theory that effective leadership style is relative to the situation and that creating the right environment can help build successful leadership within an organization.

Question 23

Matching Exercise
Match the concepts in the left-hand column to their counterparts in the right-hand column.
-Public entrepreneur

A) The actions that leaders take to get followers to reach certain goals.
B) Leader-subordinate relationships that develop through a system of complex exchanges.
C) The administrator's decision to choose a particular result among a set of possibilities.
D) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
E) A leadership style that emphasizes preserving the values of the existinginstitution.
F) The set of inherent qualities found in leaders, such as vitality, decisiveness, persuasiveness, responsibility, and intelligence.
G) The latitude taken by an administrator when choosing the best problem-solving approach.
H) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
I) An approach to public leadership emphasizing a market orientation similar to that found in private business.
J) The theory that effective leadership style is relative to the situation and that creating the right environment can help build successful leadership within an organization.

Question 24

Matching Exercise
Match the concepts in the left-hand column to their counterparts in the right-hand column.
-Leadership traits

A) The actions that leaders take to get followers to reach certain goals.
B) Leader-subordinate relationships that develop through a system of complex exchanges.
C) The administrator's decision to choose a particular result among a set of possibilities.
D) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
E) A leadership style that emphasizes preserving the values of the existinginstitution.
F) The set of inherent qualities found in leaders, such as vitality, decisiveness, persuasiveness, responsibility, and intelligence.
G) The latitude taken by an administrator when choosing the best problem-solving approach.
H) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
I) An approach to public leadership emphasizing a market orientation similar to that found in private business.
J) The theory that effective leadership style is relative to the situation and that creating the right environment can help build successful leadership within an organization.

Question 25

Matching Exercise
Match the concepts in the left-hand column to their counterparts in the right-hand column.
-Positional authority

A) The actions that leaders take to get followers to reach certain goals.
B) Leader-subordinate relationships that develop through a system of complex exchanges.
C) The administrator's decision to choose a particular result among a set of possibilities.
D) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
E) A leadership style that emphasizes preserving the values of the existinginstitution.
F) The set of inherent qualities found in leaders, such as vitality, decisiveness, persuasiveness, responsibility, and intelligence.
G) The latitude taken by an administrator when choosing the best problem-solving approach.
H) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
I) An approach to public leadership emphasizing a market orientation similar to that found in private business.
J) The theory that effective leadership style is relative to the situation and that creating the right environment can help build successful leadership within an organization.

Question 26

Matching Exercise
Match the concepts in the left-hand column to their counterparts in the right-hand column.
-Personal authority

A) The actions that leaders take to get followers to reach certain goals.
B) Leader-subordinate relationships that develop through a system of complex exchanges.
C) The administrator's decision to choose a particular result among a set of possibilities.
D) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
E) A leadership style that emphasizes preserving the values of the existinginstitution.
F) The set of inherent qualities found in leaders, such as vitality, decisiveness, persuasiveness, responsibility, and intelligence.
G) The latitude taken by an administrator when choosing the best problem-solving approach.
H) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
I) An approach to public leadership emphasizing a market orientation similar to that found in private business.
J) The theory that effective leadership style is relative to the situation and that creating the right environment can help build successful leadership within an organization.

Question 27

Matching Exercise
Match the concepts in the left-hand column to their counterparts in the right-hand column.
-Process discretion

A) The actions that leaders take to get followers to reach certain goals.
B) Leader-subordinate relationships that develop through a system of complex exchanges.
C) The administrator's decision to choose a particular result among a set of possibilities.
D) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
E) A leadership style that emphasizes preserving the values of the existinginstitution.
F) The set of inherent qualities found in leaders, such as vitality, decisiveness, persuasiveness, responsibility, and intelligence.
G) The latitude taken by an administrator when choosing the best problem-solving approach.
H) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
I) An approach to public leadership emphasizing a market orientation similar to that found in private business.
J) The theory that effective leadership style is relative to the situation and that creating the right environment can help build successful leadership within an organization.

Question 28

Matching Exercise
Match the concepts in the left-hand column to their counterparts in the right-hand column.
-Task-oriented behaviors

A) The actions that leaders take to get followers to reach certain goals.
B) Leader-subordinate relationships that develop through a system of complex exchanges.
C) The administrator's decision to choose a particular result among a set of possibilities.
D) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
E) A leadership style that emphasizes preserving the values of the existinginstitution.
F) The set of inherent qualities found in leaders, such as vitality, decisiveness, persuasiveness, responsibility, and intelligence.
G) The latitude taken by an administrator when choosing the best problem-solving approach.
H) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
I) An approach to public leadership emphasizing a market orientation similar to that found in private business.
J) The theory that effective leadership style is relative to the situation and that creating the right environment can help build successful leadership within an organization.

Question 29

Matching Exercise
Match the concepts in the left-hand column to their counterparts in the right-hand column.
-Outcome discretion

A) The actions that leaders take to get followers to reach certain goals.
B) Leader-subordinate relationships that develop through a system of complex exchanges.
C) The administrator's decision to choose a particular result among a set of possibilities.
D) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
E) A leadership style that emphasizes preserving the values of the existinginstitution.
F) The set of inherent qualities found in leaders, such as vitality, decisiveness, persuasiveness, responsibility, and intelligence.
G) The latitude taken by an administrator when choosing the best problem-solving approach.
H) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
I) An approach to public leadership emphasizing a market orientation similar to that found in private business.
J) The theory that effective leadership style is relative to the situation and that creating the right environment can help build successful leadership within an organization.

Question 30

Matching Exercise
Match the concepts in the left-hand column to their counterparts in the right-hand column.
-Dyadic relationships

A) The actions that leaders take to get followers to reach certain goals.
B) Leader-subordinate relationships that develop through a system of complex exchanges.
C) The administrator's decision to choose a particular result among a set of possibilities.
D) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
E) A leadership style that emphasizes preserving the values of the existinginstitution.
F) The set of inherent qualities found in leaders, such as vitality, decisiveness, persuasiveness, responsibility, and intelligence.
G) The latitude taken by an administrator when choosing the best problem-solving approach.
H) The influence a person wields as a result of his or her role in an organization.
I) An approach to public leadership emphasizing a market orientation similar to that found in private business.
J) The theory that effective leadership style is relative to the situation and that creating the right environment can help build successful leadership within an organization.