Question 1

Kierkegaard's young man, A, searching for a way to keep life interesting, advises that you&#10;A) learn the art of remembering and forgetting.&#10;B) find an interesting wife or husband.&#10;C) try to imitate the life of Don Juan, who certainly had an interesting time of it.&#10;D) travel to exotic places.

Accepted Answer

Kierkegaard's young man, A, suggests learning the art of remembering and forgetting as a way to keep life interesting, emphasizing the importance of managing one's memories and experiences to maintain a sense of novelty and engagement with life.

Question 2

Judge William's either/or, he tells us, represents&#10;A) choosing or not (really, seriously, passionately) choosing.&#10;B) a choice between good and evil lives.&#10;C) the choice between living ethically or living religiously.&#10;D) the fact that whatever you choose, you will regret it.

Accepted Answer

Judge William's either/or concept is about the fundamental act of making a choice or the refusal to make one, emphasizing the importance of actively and passionately engaging in the process of choosing.

Question 3

The life of faith, Kierkegaard and his pseudonyms tell us,&#10;A) is the most otherworldly life imaginable.&#10;B) is a stage we go through on the way toward rational understanding.&#10;C) is a life of the greatest passion, the most intense inwardness.&#10;D) is the life lived by the Knight of Infinite Resignation, who resigns (lets go of) everything earthly.

Accepted Answer

Kierkegaard, through his pseudonymous works, emphasizes that a life of faith is characterized by profound passion and intense inwardness, reflecting a deep, personal engagement with one's beliefs and values.

Question 4

Despair&#10;A) occurs when something really goes badly wrong in life.&#10;B) can manifest itself as being willing, defiantly, to be oneself.&#10;C) is the opposite of virtue.&#10;D) can be dispelled by chanting the mantra: &#34;I'm OK, I'm OK. . . .&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Despair&#10;A) occurs when something really goes badly...

Question 5

With respect to the notion of a &#34;system,&#34; Kierkegaard's pseudonym Johannes Climacus says:&#10;A) Have a system, or do not have a system, you will regret both.&#10;B) A logical system is impossible.&#10;C) A system can develop internally through time, as Hegel clearly showed us.&#10;D) Since a system of reality is not possible for us, the highest truth available for us is an objective uncertainty held fast in passionate inwardness.

Accepted Answer

Johannes Climacus, a pseudonym used by Kierkegaard, argues that a complete system of reality is unattainable, and instead emphasizes the importance of subjective truth and inward passion.

Question 6

Marx agrees with Hegel that&#10;A) history is fundamentally the story of the development of consciousness.&#10;B) it is not enough to understand the world; philosophers should seek to change it.&#10;C) antagonism and opposition have characterized history to this day.&#10;D) the evils of history have no resolution and must simply be born with resignation.

Accepted Answer

Marx agrees with Hegel that history is characterized by antagonism and opposition, but he diverges in his materialist interpretation, focusing on class struggle rather than the development of consciousness.

Question 7

Private property, according to Marx,&#10;A) develops as a natural right in the state of nature.&#10;B) will be protected in a good state more securely than it now is.&#10;C) will be multiplied and shared by all when machines replace workers on the assembly lines.&#10;D) is the product of alienated labor.

Accepted Answer

Marx argued that private property emerges from the concept of alienated labor, where workers are separated from the products of their labor, leading to the accumulation of wealth and property in the hands of a few, rather than being a natural right or something that would be equitably shared with the advent of machines.

Question 8

Marx holds that class struggle&#10;A) will cease after a workers' revolution in which they seize control of the means of production.&#10;B) cannot ever be wholly eliminated because of the greed of human beings.&#10;C) is gradually diminishing in the wake of the explosion of goods available to all.&#10;D) is fundamentally a matter of class envy.

Accepted Answer

Marx's theory posits that class struggle, a central element in his analysis of capitalist societies, will cease following a workers' revolution where the proletariat (workers) seize control of the means of production from the bourgeoisie (capitalist class). This act is seen as the culmination of the class struggle, leading to a classless society.

Question 9

Under what categories does an aesthete organize his or her life? Describe two ways this might work out, using the examples of Don Juan and the seducer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Under what categories does an aesthete organize...

Question 10

What advice would Kierkegaard's young aesthete, A, give you about how to live your life?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What advice would Kierkegaard's young aesthete, A,...

Question 11

Judge William, writing to A, speaks of his either/or. What is that? And how does it mark the difference between A's form of life and the judge's?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Judge William, writing to A, speaks of...

Question 12

What is the judge's view of the relation between romantic love and marriage?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the judge's view of the...

Question 13

What is despair? What is the condition of a self when despair is completely eradicated?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is despair? What is the condition...

Question 14

What is characteristic of a system? What would an existential system be? And how does Kierkegaard attack this notion?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is characteristic of a system? What...

Question 15

What does Marx mean when he says, &#34;life is not determined by consciousness, but consciousness by life&#34;?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does Marx mean when he says,...

Question 16

What is the origin of private property, according to Marx?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the origin of private property,...

Question 17

Describe some forms of worker alienation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe some forms of worker alienation....

Question 18

According to Marx, what would a communist revolution accomplish?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Marx, what would a communist...

Question 19

In what different ways can Kierkegaard and Marx be seen as reacting critically to Hegelian philosophy?
(a) What was there about Hegelianism that each objected to?
(b) What forms did their alternatives to Hegelianism take?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In what different ways can Kierkegaard and...

Question 20

Kierkegaard admires Socrates extravagantly. How is his indirect communication like the conversations Socrates held with his fellow Athenians?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Kierkegaard admires Socrates extravagantly. How is his...

Deck 21: Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel: Taking History Seriously