Deck 25: The Psychology of Emotion

Question 1

Which of these are part of the eight universally recognized and expressed human emotions?

A) Happiness, irritability, anger and surprise.
B) Disgust, acceptance, sadness and surprise.
C) Fear, impatience, sadness and anger.
D) None of the above.

Answer 1

Disgust, acceptance, sadness and surprise.

Question 2

Which of the following is a potential function of emotion?

A) It allows us to purge our surplus energy.
B) It allows us to get in touch with our primeval self.
C) It is a source of information about our world.
D) None of the above.

Answer 2

It is a source of information about our world.

Question 3

What did William James and Carl Lange suggest in terms of how physiological arousal and emotional experience relate to one another?

A) That emotional experience is a direct result of physiological arousal.
B) That physiological arousal is a direct result of emotional experience.
C) That emotions are a way of expelling unwanted physiological energy.
D) None of the above.

Answer 3

That emotional experience is a direct result of physiological arousal.

Question 4

What did the facial feedback hypothesis of emotion by Davis and Palladino (2000) suggest in terms of emotional experience?

A) That if we are prevented from using the appropriate facial muscles relating to how we facially express emotions we will not experience the emotion.
B) That we mirror the emotions expressed by the people we are interacting with and so end up feeling like they do.
C) People who have more expressive faces experience more extreme levels of emotion.
D) None of the above.

Question 5

What does excitation transfer theory (Zillman, 1978) suggest in terms of emotional experience?

A) That the more exciting a stimulus the greater the level of emotional reaction.
B) That arousal which resulted from a primary emotional cause may be carried over to a secondary source.
C) That any form of physiological arousal is exciting and therefore should make us feel happy.
D) None of the above.

Question 6

What two factors did Schachter and Singer (1962, 1964) suggest form the bases of emotional experience?

A) Anger and happiness.
B) Physiological arousal and hormone release.
C) Physiological arousal and sensitivity to the environment.
D) None of the above.

Question 7

Which of the following is a method of measuring emotional experience?

A) Measuring physiological arousal.
B) Using self-report questionnaires.
C) Both A and B.
D) None of the above.

Question 8

What is the vascular theory of emotions?

A) A theory which suggests that the faster your heart rate the more intense your emotional experience.
B) A theory which suggests that tensing facial muscles can result in blood cooling which could regulate emotional experience.
C) A theory which suggests that the amount of furring of the arteries is directly related to experiencing negative emotions and depression.
D) None of the above.

Question 9

What was Lazarus' (1991) contribution to our understanding of emotion experience?

A) He suggested that cognitive appraisal of the situation determines the level of physiological arousal and the specific type of emotion to be experienced.
B) He suggested that there were significant differences in emotional experience between men and women.
C) He suggested that our childhood learning influences which emotions we more often engage in and to what extent.
D) None of the above.

Question 10

A major criticism levelled at the biological explanations of emotion has been that:

A) there is no research evidence to suggest that all moods are accompanied by physiological arousal.
B) we are not very good at detecting our levels of physiological arousal.
C) A and B.
D) None of the above.

Question 11

What are the eight basic emotions identified by psychologists?

A) Fear, anger, joy, disgust, acceptance, sadness, surprise and anticipation.
B) Fear, anger, joy, disgust, acceptance, sadness, surprise and excitement.
C) Fear, anger, joy, disgust, acceptance, sadness, surprise and anxiety.
D) Fear, anger, joy, disgust, acceptance, sadness, smugness and anticipation.

Question 12

Some psychologists view emotions as:

A) a social tool to manipulate others in our social group.
B) directly related to adaptive behaviour that is designed to enhance our survival.
C) a second way of communicating our thoughts to people who are hard of hearing.
D) None of the above.

Question 13

What is electro-dermal activity?

A) A term used to describe changes in the skin's ability to conduct electricity.
B) A term used to describe changes in emotion brought about by shock treatment.
C) A term used to describe ways to produce false emotions by placing electrodes to stimulate the brain.
D) None of the above.

Question 14

What is a polygraph?

A) A device that measures sensitive changes in vocal expression (such as pitch, tone, etc.) in an effort to detect lying.
B) A device that uses electrodes attached to the skin to measure changes in muscle tension (fidgeting) which correlates with dishonest communication.
C) A general device that measures and records several physiological variables such as blood pressure, pulse, respiration and skin conductivity.
D) None of the above.

Question 15

What is the amygdala associated with?

A) The part of the limbic system that controls emotion, aggression and the formation of emotional memory.
B) The subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's involuntary motor responses by connecting the sensory receptors to the central nervous system (CNS).
C) The part of the limbic system that controls hormonal release, thought of by some psychologists as the basis for emotional experience.
D) None of the above.

Question 16

Which of the following are characteristics of an emotion?

A) Emotional experience can act as motivation for action.
B) Pure emotions do not last long and have a short duration. Mood on the other hand tends to last longer.
C) Emotional experience is either positive or negative or pleasant or unpleasant to us.
D) A, B and C

Question 17

What are the two suggested components of the two-factor theory of emotions (Schachter and Singer, 1962, 1964)?

A) The importance of both physiological and situational factors in determining emotion.
B) The importance of the brain and hormones in determining emotion.
C) The importance of sight and sound in determining emotion.
D) None of the above.