Deck 7: Sexual Abuse

Question 1

In the 1970s, which was true about publications regarding child sexual abuse?

A) there were no publications
B) there were published experiments with good control groups
C) some case studies were published
D) there were correlational studies

Answer 1

some case studies were published

Question 2

Within the United States each state identifies an age at which an individual can consent to sexual conduct. This age is between:

A) 13 - 17 years old
B) 14 - 18 years old
C) 16 - 18 years old
D) 16 - 20 years old

Answer 2

16 - 18 years old

Question 3

Acts can be considered abusive even when the perpetrator is not over 18. Experts generally state that an age difference of years is sufficient to indicate abuse.

A) two years
B) four years
C) five years
D) eight years

Answer 3

five years

Question 4

Flashing would be considered:

A) molestation
B) contact abuse
C) non-contact abuse
D) penetration

Question 5

With regard to the incidence of child sexual abuse, the NIS found

A) Significantly lower rates in 2005-6 than in 1993
B) Significantly higher rates in 2005-6 than in 1993
C) The same rates in 2005-6 and 1993
D) Rates of sexual abuse were not measured in 1993, so comparisons cannot be made.

Question 6

The National Center for Victims of Crime estimates that approximately adult women and adult men recall a history of CSA.

A) 1 in 20; 1 in 5
B) 1 in 5; 1 in 10
C) 1 in 10; 1 in 5
D) 1 in 5; 1 in 20

Question 7

When comparing the rates of sexual abuse according to retrospective data and according to the NIS

A) the rates are nearly identical
B) the NIS rates are significantly higher
C) the rates from retrospective studies are much higher

Question 8

Which term describes the proportion of people in a population who have ever experienced sexual abuse?

A) incidence
B) prevalence
C) both incidence and prevalence
D) neither incidence nor prevalence

Question 9

Williams (1994) interviewed 129 women with a documented history of child sexual abuse. She found

A) All of the women disclosed the previous abuse
B) 38% of women failed to disclose the abuse
C) None of the women reported the past abuse
D) The women refused to discuss the abuse even though they clearly recalled the abuse

Question 10

Which of the following explains the less common relationship between pedophiles and their victims?

A) acquaintance, friend or family friend
B) stranger

Question 11

Which relationship marks the most common perpetrator of sexual abuse?

A) father
B) extended family member
C) stranger
D) acquaintance

Question 12

Approximately what percentage of sexual abuse perpetrators are under the age of 18 years?

A) 6%
B) 14%
C) 22%
D) 29%

Question 13

The greatest number of sexual abuse perpetrators are between the ages of peak

A) 18 and 29-years old
B) 28 and 30-years old
C) 35 and 45-years old
D) 45 and 55-years old

Question 14

What did data from the ChildLine study reveal about the sex of victims and perpetrators?

A) When the victim is female, most perpetrators are also female
B) When the victim is a female, most perpetrators are male
C) When victims are male, almost all perpetrators are female
D) None of the above are true

Question 15

What percentage of identified cases of CSA are female victims?

A) 10-20%
B) 20-40%
C) 50-70%
D) 80-90%

Question 16

Which of the following is true with regard to reported sexual abuse victims?

A) they are more likely to be male
B) they are more likely to be female
C) they are equally likely to be male or female
D) they are all female

Question 17

According to the report by the researchers at John Jay College, approximately what percentage of priests and deacons were guilty of child sexual abuse between 1950 and 2002?

A) 1%
B) 4%
C) 10%
D) 22%

Question 18

According to the report by the researchers at John Jay College, the rates of sexual abuse cases in the Catholic Church were highest in

A) 1950s and 1960s
B) 1970s and 1980s
C) 1990s and 2000s
D) abuse was equally high across all decades studied

Question 19

According to research by Mercado, Tallon, and Terry (2008) most sexually abusive priests had

A) one victim
B) two to three victims
C) 4 to 9 victims
D) 10 or more victims

Question 20

According to research by Schumacher and Carlson (1999) which of the following is a risk factor for sexual abuse within a daycare setting?

A) a large staff
B) centers run by multiple members of the same family
C) both of the above are risk factors
D) neither of these are risk factors

Question 21

When high school students were asked to identify which, if any, of the teachers was a "letch,"

A) nearly all male faculty were listed
B) the students said that none of their teachers behaved inappropriately
C) the majority of students identified the same teacher
D) students were equally likely to name female and male teachers

Question 22

A review of known images of child pornography by Cooper (2009) showed that what percentage of images were taken by close relatives or family friends?

A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 70%

Question 23

When Quayle et al. (2018) examined images of child pornography, they found that

A) the majority of images were of males
B) over 44% of images were self-taken
C) images of the youngest children were almost all taken by strangers
D) children under 11 were more likely to be in self-taken images than were older children

Question 24

The average age at entrance into sex trafficking is estimated to be

A) 10-years-old
B) 13-years-old
C) 15-years-old
D) 18-years-old

Question 25

Roland et al. (1989) found that victims of sexual abuse had the highest (worst) scores on the MMPI if they were

A) abused by a stranger
B) abused by a father or stepfather
C) abused by a family friend
D) the relationship with the perpetrator did not determine MMPI scores

Question 26

Which symptom is the most frequently reported among adult victims of CSA?

A) PTSD
B) anxiety
C) depression
D) bulimia

Question 27

People who suffer from excessive watchfulness or wariness and who constantly scan their environment for signs of danger are said to be

A) depressed
B) antisocial
C) hypervigilant
D) dissociating

Question 28

Which types of victims report the highest level of PTSD symptoms?

A) noncontact victims
B) molestation victims
C) rape victims
D) rate of PTSD symptoms does not vary with type of abuse

Question 29

Which personality disorder is most strongly associated with a history of child sexual abuse?

A) Antisocial Personality Disorder
B) Borderline Personality Disorder
C) Histrionic Personality Disorder
D) Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Question 30

is a way for the mind to defend against full awareness of abuse.

A) Depression
B) PTSD
C) Dissociation
D) Anxiety

Question 31

The ability of the mind to reject unacceptable thoughts, desires, or memories and force them into the unconscious is

A) Psychosis
B) Depression
C) PTSD
D) Repression

Question 32

A person's belief that he or she is capable of doing what is necessary to produce the desired result in a given situation is

A) attitude
B) attribution
C) self-efficacy
D) self-esteem

Question 33

Which type of sexual behavior is not common among children?

A) masturbation
B) looking at each other's genitals
C) drawing genitals
D) simulating intercourse

Question 34

Based on a meta-analysis, Rind, Tromovitch, and Bauserman (1998) concluded that

A) the effects of childhood sexual abuse are not typically intense or pervasive.
B) sexually abused children have significant difficulties functioning in a wide range of domains.
C) about half of sexual abuse victims have no problems while the other half have serious problems.
D) none of the above

Question 35

What was Clancy's (2009) main finding about sexual abuse victims?

A) most children are traumatized by the abuse at the time it is occurring
B) most children are not traumatized by the abuse at the time it is occurring
C) sexual abuse does not lead to any problems during adulthood
D) none of the above

Question 36

According to Clancy (2009) what percentage of sexual abuse victims attempted to stop the abuse from happening?

A) less than 5%
B) 25%
C) 75%
D) 100%

Question 37

Which of the following statements is true?

A) males and females have dramatically different responses to being sexually abused
B) males show more externalizing symptoms following abuse than do girls
C) males show more internalizing symptoms following abuse than do girls
D) there are no differences between how boys and girls react to sexual abuse

Question 38

The sexual abuse of children appears to be a relatively new phenomenon; the product of modern times.

Question 39

All 50 states include sexual abuse in their definitions of child maltreatment.

Question 40

Female perpetrators are as likely to be reported to the authorities as are male perpetrators.

Question 41

In most cases of sexual abuse, the sexual behavior is introduced slowly.

Question 42

Perpetrators of sexual abuse are more likely to use threats than bribes or treats to induce compliance in their victims.

Question 43

Lack of parental supervision increases the risk of child sexual abuse.

Question 44

The majority of Catholic Priests who were guilty of child sexual abuse between 1950 and 2002 had more than 10 victims each.

Question 45

Historically, children who engage in prostitution have been treated as criminals.

Question 46

Adults with a history of child sexual abuse are less compliant than are their non-abused peers.

Question 47

Researchers have established a set of symptoms that are unique to victims of sexual abuse.

Question 48

Victims of childhood sexual abuse are at an increased risk for suicidal ideation.

Question 49

Victims of child sexual abuse are up to five times more likely to be diagnosed with some type of anxiety disorder than are non-victims.

Question 50

It is clear that a history of child sexual abuse significantly increases the risk of developing anorexia in female victims.

Question 51

There is widespread agreement among professionals that people can repress and later accurately recover memories.

Question 52

There is strong evidence that it is possible to create false memories for negative childhood events, even among healthy adults.

Question 53

The FBI has been able to uncover a good deal of evidence supporting claims of satanic sexual abuse.

Question 54

Sexual curiosity and sex play are common among children.

Question 55

Sexual problems related to a history of childhood sexual abuse disappear by early adulthood.

Question 56

Researchers have found more similarities than differences between male and female responses to sexual abuse.

Question 57

Between one quarter and one third of sexual abuse victims do not seem to experience any negative effects from their abuse.

Question 58

Define "child sexual abuse."

Question 59

What are the consequences of having a broad definition of CSA?

Question 60

Define sexual exploitation.

Question 61

Provide four reasons why a child might not disclose sexual abuse.

Question 62

What are the possible explanations for the decline in reports of sexual abuse between 1994 and 2001?

Question 63

In the context of child sexual abuse, what is meant by the term "grooming"?

Question 64

How might a priest or other religious person use their faith to excuse their sexual abuse of children?

Question 65

What was accomplished by the U.S. Trafficking Victim Protection Act?

Question 66

Define hypervigilance and explain how it is related to child sexual abuse.

Question 67

How do recovered memories differ from normal memories?

Question 68

According to Clancy (2009), why does childhood sexual abuse have negative consequences if children are not traumatized by it when it is occurring?