Question 1

How many years did it take for the spread of food production to cross the globe?&#10;A) 1,000 years.&#10;B) 3,000 years.&#10;C) 8,000 years.&#10;D) 15,000 years.

Accepted Answer

The spread of food production across the globe took approximately 8,000 years, starting from the earliest agricultural practices in the Fertile Crescent around 10,000 BC to its expansion to various other parts of the world.

Question 2

In domesticating animals, humans had to &#8230;&#10;A) recognize those who were peaceful and highly fertile.&#10;B) constrain their movements and regulate their breeding.&#10;C) know their territory and their prey.&#10;D) recognize those that were loyal to humans.

Accepted Answer

Humans needed to control the movements and breeding of animals to ensure they could be domesticated effectively, which involved selective breeding and managing their environment.

Question 3

The first two animal species to be domesticated in southwestern Asia were &#8230;&#10;A) goats and sheep.&#10;B) pigs and cattle.&#10;C) dogs and horses.&#10;D) chickens and pigs.

Accepted Answer

Goats and sheep were among the first animal species to be domesticated by humans in southwestern Asia, dating back to around 8000 BCE. This region, often referred to as the Fertile Crescent, was a key site for the early development of agriculture and animal domestication.

Question 4

Tapping is an effective way of harvesting wild grains because the grain is attached to the stem by a brittle joint called the &#8230;&#10;A) stigma.&#10;B) rachis.&#10;C) spike.&#10;D) stamen.

Accepted Answer

The rachis is the main axis of the inflorescence in grasses, including wild grains. When grains are ripe, they are often attached to the rachis by a brittle joint, which makes tapping an effective method for harvesting, as the grains can easily be dislodged from the stem.

Question 5

Before complete domestication of cereal grains could occur, farmers had to be able to recognize and use &#8230;&#10;A) new farming tools.&#10;B) the most fertile land.&#10;C) oxen to pull plows.&#10;D) only domesticated seeds.

Accepted Answer

Before the complete domestication of cereal grains, it was crucial for farmers to recognize and use only domesticated seeds. This was essential for ensuring that the crops grown were those that had been selectively bred for desirable traits such as higher yields, easier harvesting, and better storage capabilities. The use of domesticated seeds was a key step in the transition from wild harvesting to agriculture.

Question 6

As the climate around Abu Hureya dried up before 10,200 BC, its inhabitants turned to foraging for &#8230;&#10;A) pistachio nuts and acorns.&#10;B) cactus fruit.&#10;C) cereal grasses.&#10;D) wild dates and figs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of As the climate around Abu Hureya dried...

Question 7

One of the best known, earliest farming villages excavated in the Zagros Mountains is &#8230;&#10;A) Jarmo.&#10;B) Ali Kosh.&#10;C) Abu Hureyra.&#10;D) Jericho.

Accepted Answer

Jarmo is recognized as one of the earliest known farming villages in the Zagros Mountains, notable for its early adoption of agriculture.

Question 8

Human skeletons unearthed at Abu Hureyra revealed that men and women spent a lot of time&#160;&#8230;&#10;A) herding domesticated animals.&#10;B) stooping down to harvest grain.&#10;C) carrying food on their backs.&#10;D) squatting to grind grain.

Accepted Answer

The skeletal remains showed wear patterns and joint stress consistent with the repetitive motion of squatting, which is associated with grinding grain.

Question 9

Showing a striking continuity in seasonal herding patterns, archaeological discoveries in the Mesopotamian village of Ali Kosh, Turkey, document how many years of farming and herding?&#10;A) 8,000 years.&#10;B) 5,000 years.&#10;C) 7,500 years.&#10;D) 2,000 years.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Showing a striking continuity in seasonal herding...

Question 10

Some of the best evidence we have of the cattle herders of the Sahara Desert ca. 6000 BC is &#8230;&#10;A) abundant faunal remains.&#10;B) flotation data.&#10;C) the remains of their villages.&#10;D) their art.

Accepted Answer

The best evidence of the cattle herders of the Sahara Desert around 6000 BC comes from their art, particularly rock paintings and engravings, which depict cattle and herding activities.

Question 11

Early agriculture-based villages in Egypt became greatly dependent on &#8230;&#10;A) hunting native gazelles and herding cattle.&#10;B) fluctuations in water levels of the Nile River.&#10;C) grasslands of what is now the Sahara Desert.&#10;D) preserving river fish stocks.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Early agriculture-based villages in Egypt became greatly...

Question 12

The best known early European farming culture, called Bandkeramik after its distinct line-decorated pottery, first appeared in which river valley around 5300 BC?&#10;A) Middle Rhine.&#10;B) Lower Dniepr.&#10;C) Lower Rhone.&#10;D) Middle Danube.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The best known early European farming culture,...

Question 13

What are tombs fashioned from large boulders and buried under earthen mounds called?&#10;A) Phytoliths.&#10;B) Crypts.&#10;C) Megaliths.&#10;D) Rachis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are tombs fashioned from large boulders...

Question 14

Defensive measures against raiders were required at many agricultural communities; the defensive mechanism adopted by the families of Catalhoyuk included &#8230;&#10;A) stone walls with towers.&#10;B) outside walls of mud brick houses with rooftop entries.&#10;C) outside walls of mud brick houses and their exterior walled courtyards.&#10;D) All of these.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Defensive measures against raiders were required at...

Question 15

The subsistence strategy adopted among European farmers was based on food supplies provided by &#8230;&#10;A) extensive trade networks.&#10;B) individual households.&#10;C) communal reciprocity.&#10;D) regional markets.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The subsistence strategy adopted among European farmers...

Question 16

Important excavations in southern China showing four phases of occupation going back to the Ice Age were located where?&#10;A) Xianrendong and Wangdong.&#10;B) Yangshao.&#10;C) Huang Ho River Valley.&#10;D) None of these.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Important excavations in southern China showing four...

Question 17

In place of rice, north Chinese agriculture was based on &#8230;&#10;A) barley.&#10;B) millet.&#10;C) wheat.&#10;D) rye.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In place of rice, north Chinese agriculture...

Question 18

Yangtze River sites show increasing social complexity based on artifacts collected from &#8230;&#10;A) rice fields.&#10;B) graves.&#10;C) dwelling areas.&#10;D) All of these.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Yangtze River sites show increasing social complexity...

Question 19

Early Andean farmers cultivated quinoa, a major grain crop, and domesticated animals, including llamas and &#8230;&#10;A) turkeys.&#10;B) goats.&#10;C) guinea pigs.&#10;D) cattle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Early Andean farmers cultivated quinoa, a major...

Question 20

For the early Andean communities along the Pacific Ocean, the most important plant food was &#8230;&#10;A) cereal grain.&#10;B) potato.&#10;C) rice.&#10;D) yellow corn.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For the early Andean communities along the...

Question 21

Discuss how archaeologists believe wild cereal grasses came to be cultivated in southwestern Asia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss how archaeologists believe wild cereal grasses...

Question 22

As population densities increased in farm-based villages over the centuries, new communal structures were built. Give some examples of these structures from Egypt, Europe, and Asia and why they were needed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of As population densities increased in farm-based villages...

Question 23

How was the European farming system different from Egypt's and Asia's?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How was the European farming system different...

Question 24

Compare and contrast the conditions for the development of early farming in northern and southern China, explaining why the process was not identical.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the conditions for the...

Question 25

How does the story of plant and animal domestication in the Andean region resemble other regions of the world? What was unique about this region?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does the story of plant and...

Deck 6: The Earliest Farmers