Question 1

Which of the following countries was not considered one of the great powers of Europe in 1815?&#10;A) France&#10;B) Britain&#10;C) Prussia&#10;D) Spain

Accepted Answer

Spain was not considered one of the great powers of Europe in 1815, following the Napoleonic Wars. By this time, Spain's influence and power had significantly declined, unlike France, Britain, and Prussia, which were recognized as major powers in the Congress of Vienna.

Question 2

Conservatives such as Metternich could generally count on the support of all but which of the following?&#10;A) the middle class&#10;B) the clergy&#10;C) the nobility&#10;D) monarchs

Accepted Answer

Conservatives like Metternich typically had the support of traditional pillars of society such as the clergy, the nobility, and monarchs, who all had vested interests in maintaining the status quo and the existing social hierarchy. The middle class, however, was often more progressive, seeking political and social reforms that threatened conservative interests, making them less likely to support conservative figures like Metternich.

Question 3

Who became king of France when the monarchy was restored after the fall of Napoleon?&#10;A) Louis XVII&#10;B) Louis XVIII&#10;C) Charles X&#10;D) Louis Philippe

Accepted Answer

Louis XVIII became king of France when the monarchy was restored after the fall of Napoleon. He was the brother of Louis XVI and took the throne in 1814 after Napoleon's initial abdication.

Question 4

The leaders of the Decembrist revolt in Russia in 1825 came from the:&#10;A) the nobility&#10;B) the clergy&#10;C) the military&#10;D) the middle class

Accepted Answer

The Decembrist revolt was a failed attempt by a group of Russian army officers to overthrow the Tsarist government in 1825. The leaders of the revolt came from the military.

Question 5

Jethro Tull was the inventor of:&#10;A) the flying shuttle&#10;B) the seed drill&#10;C) the steam engine&#10;D) the water frame

Accepted Answer

Jethro Tull invented the seed drill in the early 18th century, which revolutionized agriculture by sowing seeds in well-spaced rows at specific depths. This allowed for greater crop yields and more efficient farming.

Question 6

The British Parliament passed the 10-Hour Act, the first really significant piece of factory legislation, in:&#10;A) the 1830s&#10;B) the 1820s&#10;C) the 1790s&#10;D) the 1780s

Accepted Answer

The 10-Hour Act, a significant piece of factory legislation aimed at limiting the working day for women and young people in textile mills to 10 hours, was passed in the 1830s. Specifically, it was enacted in 1847, reflecting the broader movement towards labor reform during the Industrial Revolution in Britain.

Question 7

The first country in Europe after Britain to construct railroads on a significant scale was:&#10;A) France&#10;B) Prussia&#10;C) Austria&#10;D) Belgium

Accepted Answer

Belgium was the first country in Europe after Britain to construct railroads on a significant scale, starting in the 1830s.

Question 8

Among the various ideological and cultural movements in nineteenth-century Europe, the most complex and contradictory was:&#10;A) nationalism&#10;B) liberalism&#10;C) romanticism&#10;D) socialism

Accepted Answer

Romanticism was the most complex and contradictory movement of the nineteenth century, as it encompassed a wide range of ideas, emotions, and reactions to the Enlightenment and industrialization. It celebrated individualism, nature, and emotion, yet it could also embrace nationalism and a critique of modernity, making it diverse and multifaceted.

Question 9

In the first half of the nineteenth century nationalism was most commonly associated with:&#10;A) liberalism&#10;B) romanticism&#10;C) conservatism&#10;D) socialism

Accepted Answer

In the first half of the nineteenth century, nationalism was most commonly associated with liberalism, as both movements sought to promote individual freedoms, self-determination, and the idea of nation-states based on common cultural or ethnic identities.

Question 10

Which of the following thinkers was not considered a &#34;Utopian Socialist&#34;?&#10;A) Saint-Simon&#10;B) Friedrich Engels&#10;C) Charles Fourier&#10;D) Robert Owen

Accepted Answer

Friedrich Engels, although closely associated with socialist thought through his collaboration with Karl Marx, is not classified as a "Utopian Socialist." Utopian Socialists, like Saint-Simon, Charles Fourier, and Robert Owen, are known for their visionary and idealistic approaches to socialism, focusing on creating ideal societies. Engels, in contrast, is more aligned with scientific socialism, emphasizing a materialist and historical analysis of capitalism and its eventual overthrow.

Question 11

What country won its independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1829?&#10;A) Hungary&#10;B) Romania&#10;C) Bulgaria&#10;D) Greece

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Question 12

In which of the following cities did revolution not occur in 1848?&#10;A) Paris&#10;B) Vienna&#10;C) London&#10;D) Palermo

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Question 13

The author of the romantic novel The Sorrows of Young Werther was:&#10;A) Johann Wolfgang Goethe&#10;B) Stendhal&#10;C) Friedrich Schleiermacher&#10;D) Chateaubriand

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Question 14

Among those who were promoting political or social change in France in 1848 were:&#10;A) Alphonse de Lamartine&#10;B) Louis Philippe&#10;C) Louis Blanc&#10;D) Auguste Blanqui

Accepted Answer

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Question 15

The first revolution in Europe in 1848 occurred in:&#10;A) France&#10;B) Austria&#10;C) Prussia&#10;D) Sicily

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Question 16

Members of the Bourbon family were restored to the thrones of what two European countries in 1815?

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

Military chieftains who exercised dictatorial power over local regions and rivaled one another for national power were called _________________________________.

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

Why was Louis Philippe referred to as &#34;the bourgeois king&#34;?

Accepted Answer

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Question 19

What is meant by the term &#34;ultramontane conservatism&#34;?

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

What was the name of the story written by the Russian writer Nikolai Gogol that criticized the failure of the Russian bureaucracy to treat people like individual human beings?

Accepted Answer

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Question 21

Who was elected president of the Second French Republic in 1848?

Accepted Answer

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Question 22

What were some of the social consequences of the Industrial Revolution? How would you describe the working and living conditions of the working classes? What was the impact on women in particular?

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Question 23

What was the relationship among the various political ideologies of the nineteenth century: conservatism, nationalism, liberalism, and socialism? How did each of them contribute to the wave of revolutions that swept across Europe in 1848?

Accepted Answer

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Deck 5: Early Christian Europe, Byzantium, and the Rise of Islam