Deck 43: Professionalism

Question 1

It is important for teachers to advocate for the needs of all learners, which requires that they do all of the following EXCEPT

A)Attend and participate in a reasonable amount of professional development and training opportunities
B)Monitor and adjust the pace of their instructional units to support the individual needs of their students
C)Identify students that would benefit from minimal parental involvement by investigating how each student feels about their caretakers' participation
D)Staying informed on current research and instructional practices

Answer 1

Identify students that would benefit from minimal parental involvement by investigating how each student feels about their caretakers' participation

Question 2

At the end of the day once the students have been dismissed, Mr. Dolton writes in a spiral bound notebook labeled "My Practice" while referring to both his lesson plans and course standards. As he writes, Mr. Dolton comments upon the effectiveness of the days' lessons and how he might have strengthened their content or presentation. He logs behaviors and skills deficits that he feels should be addressed either with the whole class or individual students. He allows himself to share his frustrations and areas he wishes to research further. Which characteristic of effective teaching is Mr. Dolton demonstrating with these behaviors?

A)Advocating for diverse learners
B)Promoting collaboration
C)Pre-planning instructional units
D)Reflecting upon past instructional units

Answer 2

Reflecting upon past instructional units

Question 3

Cox, a first-year, kindergarten teacher, is expecting her first child to be born approximately three weeks before the beginning of the new school year. She has some questions regarding maternity leave, and goes to meet with one of her new school district's personnel representatives. Which of the following is true regarding the maternity leave available to Ms. Cox?

A)Ms. Cox cannot take maternity leave unless she has worked for the school district one full year prior to her child's birth
B)Ms. Cox is not mandated to take maternity leave after the birth of her child
C)Should Ms. Cox's pregnancy involve complications which require her extended absence, she will be terminated after five additional absences
D)Ms. Cox is not required to use personal leave days as part of her maternity leave

Answer 3

Ms. Cox is not mandated to take maternity leave after the birth of her child

Question 4

Before being suspended from school for an extended period, and therefore losing their right to a free and appropriate public education, students with formally identified disabilities must be afforded which of the following rights?

A)The right to receive due notice and a hearing prior to the denial of the right to a public education
B)The right to receive vouchers to attend a private school at no cost to the child or their caregiver
C)The right to receive a public education cannot be denied to any individual under the age of eighteen for any reason
D)The right to a legal trial with representation for the student being paid for by the school district seeking the removal of the individual's right to a public education

Question 5

School personnel may not edit or censor any school periodicals which are supported solely by student groups unless

A)More than two thirds of the school's personnel sign a petition supporting the action
B)It is voted upon by the school's student body counsel
C)The content discusses topics identified as unacceptable by the state school board
D)Their freedom of speech is evidenced to cause a major disruption in the school

Question 6

Professional development is an essential component of a successful educational practice. All of the following are examples of professional development opportunities EXCEPT

A)Formal educational conferences
B)Workshops at the local educational supply store
C)College courses
D)Sales at educator discount stores

Question 7

Access to which of the following benefits is NOT associated with joining professional teacher organizations?

A)Educator insurance policies
B)Professional paper and website publications
C)Networking and collaboration opportunities
D)Due process for pending suspensions or terminations

Question 8

Which legislature or litigation was put in place effectively reserving the sixteenth section of a township for the establishment and maintenance of a public school?

A)Massachusetts Laws of Education in 1642 and 1647
B)Public Law 94-142
C)Land Ordinance of 1785
D)Oregon School Case of 1925

Question 9

Which law first introduced the term "least restrictive environment" and mandated it as a provision afforded all students with identified disabilities?

A)Section 504
B)Public Law 94-142
C)Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
D)Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

Question 10

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 prohibits organizations and employers from

A)Preventing individuals with disabilities equal access to receive services and participate in beneficial programs
B)Identifying individuals as disabled on formal paperwork other than that which is designed to facilitate access to services
C)Hiring persons with disabilities if their limitations place others in danger
D)Paying lower wages to individuals with disabilities if they cannot work at the pace of non-disabled peers

Question 11

Which law mandates that all students with disabilities are afforded an Individualized Education Plan (IEP)?

A)Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
B)Section 504
C)Public Law 94-142
D)General Education Provisions Act

Question 12

_________________ were mid-15th century books made of a wooden paddle, parchment containing the lesson and a cover made of a transparent sheet of horn.

A)Primers
B)Hornbooks
C)Readers
D)Paddlebooks

Question 13

Which individual, acting as the Secretary of Education in 1839, established normal schools for training teachers and is considered the father of American education?

A)Benjamin Franklin
B)Ivan Pavlov
C)B) F. Skinner
D)Horace Mann

Question 14

All states within the United States had enacted a compulsory attendance law by 1918. The first of these laws was the Massachusetts Compulsory Attendance Act of 1852, and it mandated that

A)All children between the ages of 8 and 14 must attend school for no less than three months each calendar year
B)All individuals below the age of 14 must attend school for all months not dedicated to farming jobs
C)Students of African American decent attend school as frequently as white peers
D)Any parents who did not enroll their child in school while between the ages of 8 and 14 must serve two days in jail for each day their child missed

Question 15

John Dewey, an educational reformist, psychologist and philosopher, had a profound impact on education during his life (1859-1952). His educational philosophy is referred to as "progressive education." All of the following are characteristics of his educational philosophy EXCEPT

A)The ability to problem solve must be taught to all children
B)Students should play an active role in advocating during their education
C)Education and democracy should remain closely identified
D)Hands-on learning should be saved for the final four years of a child's education

Question 16

President Lyndon Johnson declared war on poverty in the 1960s. One response to this declaration included the enactment of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) in 1965. The purpose of the ESEA was to

A)Improve the educational opportunities for economically disadvantaged children
B)Provide free and reduced lunches to students living in poverty
C)Provide legal representation to families while fighting for educational programs
D)Provide higher pay for teaching in economically disadvantaged communities

Question 17

The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), which was spearheaded by President Bush and enacted in 2001, was based on four principles. Which of the following is ONE of those four principles?

A)A reduction of educational choices for parents to reduce confusion
B)Increased accountability for educators based upon their students' performance
C)Increased federal controls on local educational decisions
D)Increased number of required school days each year

Question 18

All of the following are ways in which parents can be involved in the decision-making process for schools EXCEPT

A)Parental participation on multidisciplinary teams and ad hoc committees
B)Soliciting parents' participation during parent-teacher meetings
C)Promoting volunteer opportunities within the school
D)Providing parents with monthly reports on past actions within the school

Question 19

Offering childcare, homework clubs and extracurricular activities that enrich children's schooling experience promotes partnerships with the parents. Such actions demonstrate that

A)Schools are resources for the community
B)Parents have a stake in the decision making process
C)Schools are non-discriminatory
D)Teachers should be reflective practitioners

Question 20

All teachers and school personnel are considered mandated reporters under state law in all U.S. states and its protectorates. Mandated reporters are required to

A)Report any cases of sexual harassment by employers or coworkers
B)Report other teachers that do not use state standards to guide instruction
C)Report any suspected or evidenced child maltreatment to the proper officials
D)Report discrimination issues within the school environment

Question 21

A student who is a highly auditory learner would best master the key concepts in a chapter on the leading causes of the American Revolution through which of the following activities?

A)Creating a diorama including elements from each of the key concepts
B)Copying down the notes that the teacher writes onto the overhead
C)Getting into a small group with fellow students to discuss the key concepts
D)Drawing a picture using symbols to represent each of the key concepts

Question 22

While visiting a second-grade classroom to perform a formal observation on a new teacher, an administrator observes the teacher reading aloud from books that are obviously engaging to the students and then giving them time to choose a book from the shelf to read independently. What is the most likely reasoning for doing these activities?

A)To isolate specific vowel combinations that the students are having difficulty mastering
B)To create a learning environment that will increase the probability that the students will develop habits that are common in lifelong readers
C)To modify the behavior of the students so that they will work alone without attempting to socialize with other students
D)To develop a routine for students who are having difficulty reading independently

Question 23

Boudin is preparing to teach her third grade students to write narrative stories with a logical progression of ideas and adequate details to support the plot. Using writing samples that the students wrote in class that day, she does an error analysis to identify common errors and areas of weakness in each student. Noticing that a large percentage of the students lack sufficient details, she chooses to focus on brainstorming during the next writing lesson. As the students watch, Mrs. Boudin models the use of a semantic map while talking out loud as if she is verbalizing her thoughts. She then pairs struggling students with peers who show a higher level of understanding and has them work together to create a semantic map on a given topic. The students then share their maps with their peers and get feedback from the whole class. Which theory of learning does this scenario represent?

A)Constructivism
B)The Zone of Proximal Development
C)Discovery Learning
D)Theory of Moral Developmen

Question 24

Samantha, a student who is repeating the first grade for the second time, is having difficulty paying attention during activities that require sustained silent writing. She often looks confused after the teacher gives directions, and she frequently gets in trouble for talking during independent practice times. Her teacher says that, typically, she does not finish her writing assignments. When she does, they contain many errors of convention and don't seem to have any cohesion. During math lessons, however, she is noticeably engaged in the lessons, completes her independent work with minimal redirections for off-task behaviors and scores well on classroom math tests. When her teacher calls home to discuss her concerns, Samantha's mother says that they have been having trouble getting her to do her English homework. Samantha has told her mother that she "hates" writing. What would be the most logical next step for her teacher?

A)Assume that Samantha needs more time to adjust to the routine of school and continue as she has been
B)Approach the situation as a behavioral issue and begin reinforcing on-task behaviors, trusting that her difficulties with writing will improve after the off-task behaviors are reduced
C)Initiate a multidisciplinary team meeting to discuss possible interventions that may help her improve her writing skills
D)Initiate a special education referral so that Samantha can be tested for a learning disability in written expression

Question 25

All of the following characteristics are consistent with functional mental retardation (sometimes identified as cognitive disabilities) EXCEPT:

A)Significantly below average overall intellectual functioning
B)Low or high pain threshold
C)Deficits in adaptive behaviors
D)Symptoms beginning in childhood

Question 26

Operant conditioning is a behavior modification technique commonly used in classroom settings. What is the basic principle behind operant conditioning?

A)When behaviors are followed by a desirable outcome, those behaviors tend to increase in frequency
B)Children will often role play social expectations during their developmental period
C)Sometimes people over-generalize newly learned concepts
D)Metacognition is best taught by modeling

Question 27

John Dewey believed that schools should use direct instruction to teach students how to solve problems. What method did he support as a means for students to understand their environment?

A)The Bruner Method
B)The scientific method
C)The sociocultural method
D)Self-actualization

Question 28

At the beginning of the school year, a second grade teacher gave prizes such as toys and pencils to students who performed well on tests. As the school year progressed, she transitioned to giving stickers and certificates. By the end of the year, the reward for a high test score was verbal praise. What is most likely the teacher's rationale for progressing from tangible rewards to non-tangible rewards?

A)To promote intrinsic sources of motivation rather than extrinsic sources
B)To nurture a sense of independence among her student
C)To appeal to the students' concrete reasoning skill
D)To encourage the use of constructive learning strategies

Question 29

During a school-wide celebration of diversity, Mr. Patterson invites his students' parents in for a luncheon made up of dishes from a variety of cultures. Since almost half of his class are English Language Learners, he sends the invitations home in both English and the family's native language. During the luncheon, he encourages the students to stand up and share some of the things that make their family different from others. After the sharing, Mr. Patterson gives the students an opportunity to ask the family members questions about their culture. Which educational theorist would likely encourage such activities on the grounds that they support the view that multicultural families are a resource to the school and its community?

A)Lee Canter
B)David Ausubel
C)Luis Moll
D)Howard Gardner

Question 30

Dreher and her third-grade class are reading a fiction book titled Ella Enchanted. In this book, a young girl has a spell cast on her that compels her to be obedient to any command. As the class reads the book, Ms. Dreher encourages them to openly discuss the book's meaning while giving their own interpretations. She asks them open-ended questions and takes them to the media center to do research on topics related to both magic and the time period of the book's setting. She then has them get into small groups to write a skit modeling their interpretation of one of the situations in the book. Which theory is likely guiding Ms. Dreher's literature lesson?

A)Theory of proximal development
B)Theory of moral development
C)Constructivism
D)Choice Theory

Question 31

What law mandates the creation and implementation of an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) for every student that receives special education services?

A)Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
B)Public Law 94-142
C)Due Process
D)Americans with Disabilities Act

Question 32

Teacher-made rubrics, portfolios and checklists of student progress are all examples of:

A)Operant conditioning intended to improve students' work completion rate
B)Forms of differentiated Instruction
C)Alternative forms of assessing student progress and work products
D)Testing accommodations

Question 33

When working with students who use a dialect that is not Standard American English (SAE), which of the following research-supported conclusions can be drawn?

A)These students are more likely to make academic gains if their teachers continue to teach their lessons as they would for speakers of SAE
B)Testing accommodations such as oral administration and extended time will provide these students with the necessary supports to progress academically
C)These types of students should be referred for a special education evaluation as early as possible in their schooling
D)Teachers should use research-based strategies that are commonly used with students who are English Language Learners

Question 34

Which of the following series of disorders is currently identified as part of the autism spectrum?

A)Autism, Asperger syndrome and other pervasive developmental delays (PDD)
B)Behavioral disorders, autism and attention deficit disorder (ADD)
C)Mild, moderate and severe mental disabilities
D)Traumatic brain injuries

Question 35

What name do educators give a short-term effect wherein a problematic behavior increases in frequency, duration or severity after a behavior modification strategy is employed to diminish or eliminate the behavior

A)Classical conditioning error
B)Extinction burst
C)A failure to recondition
D)Behavioral approximation

Question 36

What term refers to the cognitive framework associated with students' knowledge from past experiences?

A)Multiple intelligences
B)Over-generalization
C)Educational transfer
D)Schema

Question 37

What restriction does the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) place on school systems to keep them from placing a student with a mild learning disability in a self-contained classroom for students with severe mental disabilities based only on the fact that they do not have another special educational setting to serve them in?

A)A Local Education Representative (LEA) must be present
B)Students must receive instruction in their least restrictive environment (LRE)
C)Students have a right to due process prior to being expelled from school
D)The continuum of services is established by a panel of experts

Question 38

Stanley is a third-grade student who has an identified learning disability in mathematics. He receives direct, small-group instruction in a resource classroom setting per his IEP. Over the course of the first three weeks, the special education teacher notices that Stanley struggles significantly with decoding words and obtaining comprehension. After asking him several questions, she is concerned that his delay is significant. Which of the following actions would be appropriate for the teacher to take?

A)Immediately begin using his scheduled times to do direct instruction in literacy
B)Speak with Stanley's classroom teacher to share her concerns and review his current psychological report along with the documents from prior IEP meetings
C)Call Stanley's mother and tell her that he also has a learning disability in reading
D)Sit down and alter Stanley's IEP to include services for his reading disability

Question 39

Jorge just moved to the United States from Central America. Neither Jorge nor any of his family members spoke English upon their arrival. Jorge is enrolled in the school he would typically attend based on the school's attendance zones. He was placed into a regular classroom consisting primarily of English-speaking students. He does not receive pull out services. Jorge begins learning English very quickly and has already begun learning appropriate social phrases. The teacher supports Jorge by frequently using simple English in conjunction with his typical lessons while teaching. What model of instruction is Jorge receiving?

A)African American Vernacular English
B)English Language Learners pull-out instruction
C)Multicultural instruction
D)English immersion instruction

Question 40

Which Federal law mandates that states develop standards related to English-language-proficiency, that they link these standards to the states' general academic standards and that they administer English-language-proficiency tests to ensure that both their language and academic needs are being met?

A)The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
B)The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
C)The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2001
D)The Compulsory Attendance Law

Question 41

Sue is a first-grade student who has been in school for three months. She completes all of her work with high accuracy rates and is an active learner. However, her teacher notices that she is very demanding of her peers while they play together. She frequently becomes angry and quits whenever she does not get what she wants. Sometimes she hits and yells at the other students. Her teacher would like to teach her to handle her frustration in a more productive way that will not harm her peer relationships. According to B.F. Skinner and other behavior theorists, what would be the appropriate sequence that her teacher should follow in order to modify the behavior?

A)Select a replacement behavior, directly teach the replacement behavior, reward successive approximations to the replacement behavior and provide consequences for the reoccurrence of the problem behavior
B)Select a replacement behavior, reward every other occurrence of the replacement behavior
C)Provide a consequence every time the problem behavior occurs but do not react when the replacement behavior occurs
D)Document each occurrence of the replacement behavior and reward the student once each week when they have demonstrated the behavior a certain number of times

Question 42

Mattherson Road Elementary School is having a problem with bullying among its student body. The have decided to implement a campaign against bullying. There are now colorful, age-appropriate posters with anti-bullying messages on them. Additionally, they have hung anonymous reporting boxes around the school so that students can report bullying either toward them or around them. The morning announcements will also include an anti-bullying message. Which source of influence are they most likely using with the goal of reducing the occurrences of bullying?

A)Multicultural influences on student behavior
B)Familial influences on the moral development of the students
C)Using the school environment to modify the student culture
D)Learning styles of the students

Question 43

While reviewing her grade book, a third-grade math teacher sees a pattern between her male and female students' test grades in mathematics. The boys perform consistently better than the girls, on average. Considering the learning differences between males and females, which strategy below would mostly address the learning gap in this teacher's math class?

A)Call on students randomly while making sure to call on girls as often as the boys
B)Give the girls a different test that has easier problems on the same standard
C)Give the boys free time while the teacher reviews the key concepts to the girls
D)The girls will catch up in later years, so these strategies are not needed

Question 44

In the mornings, it takes Mr. Gardner between 30 and 45 minutes to get his students in order so that he can begin his first core lesson in reading for the day. The students are often confused about what they are supposed to be doing during this time. Typically, he reaches the end of the time that he has allotted for reading without having completed all of the activities he had planned for the day. Which of the following principles of effective classroom management would best decrease the amount of time it takes to begin his first reading lesson so that he would have more time for the lesson itself?

A)Establish a daily morning routine
B)Providing frequent feedback
C)Rearranging the classroom space
D)Modeling problem solving

Question 45

Sarah and Ann are both in Ms. Glenn's second grade class. Typically, the two girls spend all of their free time together. Since they live so close to one another, they even spend time together on weekends. One day, Ms. Glenn noticed that the two girls were arguing as they entered the classroom in the morning. After she directed the class to get settled, the girls continued to argue until they were firmly redirected to sit down. Throughout the day they would say rude things to each other. During recess, Ms. Glenn saw Ann sitting alone on a playground bench crying and asked her what was wrong. Ann said that she was crying because Sarah told her she had a new best friend. She calls both students to a quiet area on the playground and finds out that the girls are arguing because Ann lost Sarah's bracelet. At this point, what strategy could Ms. Glenn use to intervene in this situation?

A)Establish classroom rules that do not allow students to argue in class
B)Punish Sarah by making her sit out for the rest of the recess
C)Call the girls' parents and explain the situation
D)Model one or two techniques that can be used to resolve such a disagreement

Question 46

Which of the following federal laws mandates that all public buildings such as schools must be accessible to all persons, including individuals with physical limitations?

A)Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
B)Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
C)No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001
D)Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973

Question 47

Which of the following techniques is NOT an example of an advance organizer?

A)KWL chart
B)Story map
C)Concept map
D)Venn diagram

Question 48

According to Albert Bandura's social theory learning, what factors are required during observational learning

A)Generalization, specialization and cross-over
B)Concrete, behavioral and symbolic
C)Intelligence, Representation, Intuition and Mastery
D)Attention, Retention, Reproduction and Motivation

Question 49

Public schools in the United States offer programs that allow students from low-income and impoverished homes to eat school lunches for free or at a reduced rate. Which theorist would likely support these programs on the basis that they help to fulfill one of the children's physiological needs, and thus help them progress toward self-actualization.

A)Glasser
B)Maslow
C)Canter
D)Horn

Question 50

Negative reinforcement is often confused with punishment; however, they are very different. Punishment is defined as a penalty imposed upon an individual for an offense of some sort. What is negative reinforcement?

A)The removal of an undesirable stimulus with the intention of increasing a desired behavior
B)The application of a stimulus that is supposed to be rewarding but is instead interpreted as punishment
C)Punishment and negative reinforcement are the same, except punishment is considered more effective than negative reinforcement.
D)Negative reinforcement is an accidental reward for a negative and undesirable behavior.

Question 51

Which of the following theorists is NOT associated with discovery learning?

A)Bruner
B)Montessouri
C)Dewey
D)Gardner

Question 52

Two years ago, Andrew was identified as other health impaired (OHI) due to a diagnosis of ADHD. His parents received an invitation to an annual review meeting ten days away. During the meeting, the case manager reviewed Andrew's draft IEP. Additionally, she allowed Andrew's parents to read the documents used to create the IEP and ask questions. The case manager then suggested that Andrew be removed to a more restrictive environment. All members were in agreement except the parents. The decision was made to make the move, and the parents were provided with a handbook explaining their rights as they pertained to contesting the decision. They were also given contact information for local support organizations. The process described here is an example of what federally protected right afforded to students with disabilities and their guardians?

A)Least restrictive environment (LRE)
B)Due process
C)Individual Education Plan (IEP)
D)Accommodations

Question 53

According to Bloom's taxonomy, which of the following levels of knowledge and performance is considered the most highly developed level?

A)Knowledge
B)Synthesis
C)Analysis
D)Evaluation

Question 54

When planning lessons for a classroom that includes students with disabilities, which of the following sections of Individual Education Plans are most important for general education teachers to consider?

A)Transition goals
B)Standardized testing accommodations
C)Classroom accommodation
D)Schedule of services

Question 55

Corian is a student that always has excessive energy. He is very talkative and playful. During lessons he can maintain attention; however, he tends to frustrate his peers that are sitting close to him by constantly moving and making noises. Of the following, which strategy could his teachers use to address the concerns of Corian's peers while respecting Corian's social needs?

A)Move a desk to the corner of a room so that Corian's movement and talking do not affect his peers.
B)Put a cardboard divider around Corian's desk to limit his ability to interact.
C)Engineer the seating chart considering students that do not conflict with Corian.
D)Make no changes, as students should learn coping skills.

Question 56

On the first day of school, Mr. Donegan tells his students that they will have a weekly class meeting wherein they will discuss many topics related to their classroom and their experiences for the year. In their first meeting, they will draft the classroom rules and procedures as a group. Future meetings will include discussions on changes to the rules, curriculum decisions and even conflict resolution. By incorporating weekly class meetings into his instructional plans, Mr. Donegan is most likely drawing from which of the following educational theories?

A)Canter's assertive discipline theory
B)Glasser's choice theory
C)Pavlov's classical conditioning theory
D)Montessori's follow the child theory

Question 57

Ming is a new, third-grade student whose family has just moved to the United States from China. Although she was learning some English terms in her former school, she is far from functional. Her new teacher, Mrs. Johnson, notices that despite the fact that she seems attentive to the conversations going on around her, Ming maintains silence with both adults and peers even after having been in the class for almost two weeks. She is concerned that if Ming does not practice, she will delay her own progress in learning to speak and comprehend English. Mrs. Johnson decides to speak with Ming's English Language Learner (ELL) support teacher. Which of the statements below would be the most appropriate response that the ELL support teacher could make to address Mrs. Johnson's concerns regarding Ming's silence?

A)Ming's silence is a behavioral issue and should be addressed through a behavioral system of rewards and consequences.
B)It is common for students learning a new language, such as English, to experience a period of silence so that they can observe the language being spoken by others who are fluent in the language.
C)Ming should be referred to the school's student assistance team for immediate intervention and assessment.
D)Ming should be expected to speak as frequently as her peers in the classroom, and she should be called upon frequently with a large amount of wait time given.

Question 58

According to Montessori's theory of "follow the child," which of the following should be the next stage of instruction following the initial introduction of a new skill or concept by lecture or teacher-led lessons?

A)Assess their learning by either giving them tests, having them teach the skill or concept to a peer or observing them as they demonstrate mastery by explaining or demonstrating.
B)Cycle between assessing and re-teaching the skill or concept until the students can pass a test.
C)Provide meaningful work, experiments and creative opportunities for the students to apply the new skill or concept.
D)Move on to the next concept or skill immediately to maximize their exposure to the key concepts of many topics.

Question 59

Vance is a first-grade teacher who recognizes the importance of teaching his students social skills as well as academic skills. After several months of teaching a particular class, he notices four girls are engaging in behaviors best described as selfishness. According to Gilligan's theory on the stages of the ethic of care, which stage are these first-grade girls functioning at?

A)Concrete operational
B)Conventional
C)Pre-conventional
D)Post-conventional

Question 60

Lindsay is a student in Mr. Wagner's Kindergarten class. She was born under average conditions and met all of the appropriate developmental milestones as she progressed into toddlerhood. She attended a private pre-school program at a local child care facility. Her pre-school records indicates that she was performing tasks at an age-appropriate pace. During the summer between her pre-school program and entering Kindergarten, Linsay and her mother were in a car accident. While Lindsay showed no signs of external trauma, she was hospitalized to control some minor brain swelling and to monitor her severe concussion. Lindsay's mother did not disclose any of this until Mr. Wagner called her in to discuss some discrepancies between Lindsay's academic skills this year and those from her years in pre-school. She still has appropriate social skills, and her deficits do not seem to manifest until complex, academic skills are introduced. Which of the following medically-related issues should be considered and evaluated first as a possible cause for Lindsay's skills regression?

A)Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
B)Developmental Delays
C)Behavioral Disorder (BD)
D)Mental Disabilities (MD)

Question 61

Gardner is a first-grade teacher who uses a variety of approaches to teaching literacy. She begins each day with Circle Time. During this portion of the morning, she introduces new vocabulary by showing her students the words, modeling them being sounded out and written, and then has the students do a variety of creative activities with the words. She then reads them a short, patterned book containing the words. She uses multiple readings and encourages choral reading. She may also use cloze activities and student-made books to extend the students' learning. Mrs. Gardner's teaching style most likely models which approach to learning?

A)Alternative assessments
B)Differentiated instruction
C)Constructivism
D)Collaborative

Question 62

After each mathematics lesson, Ms. Luewden has her students write in their math journals. They are expected to reflect on both the lesson and their individual learning, such as what was difficult about learning the skill and how they worked to find the answer. Each Friday, Ms. Luewdon has the students read their five journal entries from that week and write a brief summary wherein they discuss patterns and anomalies they observe in their own learning processes. Which of the following terms would be used to identify the skill Ms. Luewden is teaching her students?

A)Intrinsic motivation
B)Transfer of learning
C)Extrinsic motivation
D)Metacognition

Question 63

According to Piaget's theories of development, which of the following characteristics are NOT indicative of the concrete operational stage of cognitive development?

A)Logically reasons about specific objects and events
B)Uses multiple features to classify objects and orders them in a series based on a single dimension
C)Demonstrates an understanding of the conservation of number, weight and mass among objects that they can manipulate
D)Can reason through abstract concepts and test hypotheses systematically

Question 64

Which theory discusses the concept that individuals must deal with internal struggles and challenges in order to grow and develop socially?

A)Erikson's theory of psychosocial development
B)Festinger's theory of cognitive dissonance
C)Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences
D)Locke's theory of Tabula Rasa

Question 65

While teaching his fourth-grade students about the exploration of North America, Mr. Anandpura wants to employ a constructivist approach to learning. Which of the following strategies would best accomplish his goal?

A)Have the students read the chapters in their textbook that discuss the explorations and then answer the focus questions at the end of the chapter
B)Have the students complete a graphic organizer while showing them a videotaped reenactment of one of the meetings between the explorers and a Native American tribe
C)Have the students read a variety of stories about the exploration, discuss the topics by making connections to their own lives as well as other events in history and then write their own stories as if they were one of the explorers
D)Teach the concepts by lecture while the students take notes, and have the students write a paragraph to summarize their notes

Question 66

In accordance with Vygotsky's theory of the zone of proximal development, which of the following strategies could Mrs. Perez, a middle school art teacher, use to best support the learning of painting techniques for her sixth grade classes?

A)Have the students look at a series of simple, completed paintings and have them recreate the painting using the provided materials and reference books
B)After the initial lesson, Mrs. Perez should have students who have demonstrated skill levels that are slightly more advanced than their peers work with partners that are struggling or performing at a basic level
C)Have the students take home a small watercolor set and tell them to paint a portrait of their house
D)Show the students a variety of paintbrush styles and discuss with them what they think that each brush could be used to paint based on its size and shape

Question 67

Settle's school district encourages the use of discovery learning whenever it is appropriate to a lesson. Which of the following competencies would best support the use of discovery learning?

A)Create compound, complex and compound-complex sentences
B)Demonstrate how to perform long division
C)Create a visual representation of the life cycle of a plant and describe each stage
D)Read written music

Question 68

Which of the following is NOT a principle of effective classroom management?

A)Know the interests, behavioral history and their current strengths and weaknesses of each student
B)Model and reward appropriate behavior
C)Address problem behaviors after they have occurred so that students observe a non-example of appropriate behavior
D)Create a safe and comfortable learning environment

Question 69

Allan is a second-grade student that has recently begun to tattle on his peers for minor offenses. His teacher, Mr. Rancourt, has reminded Allan each time that tattling is not acceptable in his classroom unless someone is or could be harmed. Mr. Rancourt decides to ignore the behavior for a few days so that Allan can experience the negative effects that tattling has on his peer relationships. Which of the following theories of classroom management best support Mr. Rancourt's decision?

A)Glasser's "choice theory"
B)Kounin's theory of teacher "with-it-ness"
C)Skinner's theory of operant conditioning
D)Canter and Canter's theory of assertive discipline

Question 70

When writing lesson plans, it is important that teachers include objectives that

A)Require students to work within their frustration levels in order to encourage the development of coping strategies
B)Are written at a variety of levels from Bloom's Taxonomy rather than focusing only at the knowledge level
C)Are written at the performance levels of the most advanced students in the class
D)Are consistently written at the students independent levels of functioning to encourage the students' experience with intrinsic motivation