Question 1

As an academic discipline, what is geography mainly concerned with?&#10;A)How groups of people evolve on the Earth's surface&#10;B)Creating detailed maps that depict places, peoples, and important sites accurately&#10;C)The nature and meaning of place names&#10;D)Studying the physical properties of the Earth, such as minerals, water, and mountains

Accepted Answer

As an academic discipline, geography is mainly concerned with how groups of people evolve on the Earth's surface.
Key Takeaway: Geography is the study of the Earth and its lands, features, and inhabitants. As a discipline, it attempts to understand the Earth and all its complexities. It does this through the study of not only where objects are (such as on a map), but how these objects and peoples have changed over time to reach their current form.

Question 2

Where are most of the major population centers in Canada located?&#10;A)On waterways, ports, and other locations with important natural resources&#10;B)In thriving metropolitan areas with little-to-no natural resources&#10;C)In agricultural production areas, especially for corn and wheat.&#10;D)In remote coastal areas to take advantage of fishing and whaling

Accepted Answer

Most major population centers in Canada are located on waterways, ports, and natural resource locations, especially those for oil and minerals.
Key Takeaway: Canada is one of the world's largest suppliers of mining and agricultural products and thus, most of its major population centers are located in areas central to these products, such as ports, waterways, and natural resource locations. For example, the Canadian prairies are one of the most important producers of canola, wheat, and other grains. Canada is a global source of many natural resources, such as gold, timber, nickel, aluminum, and lead.

Question 3

What is it called when cultures grow and adapt repeatedly to their ever-changing environment?&#10;A)Interconnected adaptation&#10;B)Multilinear evolution&#10;C)Unilateral evolution&#10;D)Identical creativity

Accepted Answer

When cultures grow and adapt repeatedly to their ever-changing environment, it is called multilinear evolution.
Key Takeaway: In the mid-19th century, a cultural anthropologists named Julian Steward called attention back to the Darwinian notion of "adaptation," arguing that societies must always adapt to their environment in some way. Steward basically argued that cultures do not change according to an inner logic, but rather change in response to their ever-changing environment. He called his theory "multilinear evolution."

Question 4

Which of the following is true about population density in the United States since the 1940s?&#10;A)It has gradually shifted toward the western and southern states.&#10;B)It has greatly declined, as people have moved abroad.&#10;C)It has moved toward large cities in the Northeast.&#10;D)It has tilted toward the mountain regions.

Accepted Answer

Population density in the United States since the 1940s has shifted toward the western and southern states.
Key Takeaway: Population density refers to the number of individuals residing per a given unit of land area (usually in square miles). For humans, population density is the number of people per unit of area, which may include a potentially productive area that is not yet fully inhabited. Population density may be calculated for a county, city, country, continent, or even the entire world.

Question 5

&#10;Antarctica is a desert.

Accepted Answer

True. Antarctica is a desert.
Key Takeaway: Although most people think of deserts being hot, dry, and sandy, polar deserts on Earth cover almost 5 million kilometers and are made mostly of bedrock and/or gravel. Antarctica is the world's largest cold desert. Some of the barren rock that exists in Antarctica almost never gets snowfall. These areas have gigantic ice-encrusted saline (salty) lakes that rapidly evaporate due to the fierce Antarctic wind.

Question 6

Assuming a world population of 6,800,000,000 in 2009 and an annual growth rate of 1.1 percent, how many people will be added to the world's population within the next year?&#10;A)74,000,000&#10;B)74,800,000,000&#10;C)7,480,000,000&#10;D)748,000,000

Accepted Answer

Assuming a world population of 6,800,000,000 in 2009 and an annual growth rate of 1.1 percent, 7,480,000,000 people will be added to the world's population within the next year.
Key Takeaway: The last one hundred years have seen a rapid increase in population due to medical advances and massive increase in agricultural productivity made possible by the Green Revolution. In 2009, the estimated annual growth rate was 1.10%. In that year, the human population increased by about 74 million.
It is interesting to note that since 2006, although the population has greatly increased, the annual growth of the population has actually declined.

Question 7

What is the ultimate effect of Internet connectivity upon business and global communication?&#10;A)It increases the distance between places and people.&#10;B)It decreases the distance between places and people.&#10;C)It has greatly decreased the relative distance between places and people.&#10;D)The Internet has no effect upon the distance between places and people.

Accepted Answer

The ultimate effect of Internet connectivity on business and global communication is that it decreases the relative distance between places.
Key Takeaway: The Internet includes millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks that are linked by a broad array of networking technologies. The Internet carries a huge array of information resources and services, most notably the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web and e-mail infrastructure. This has overall had a huge affect upon global business, decreasing the relative distance between people and places all over the world.

Question 8

What is the correct term for a port where goods are imported from other parts of the world and then re-exported to foreign locations for profit?&#10;A)Break-in-bulk point&#10;B)Goods-drop center&#10;C)Entrep&#244;t&#10;D)Commodity zone

Accepted Answer

The correct term for a port where goods are imported from other parts of the world and then re-exported to foreign locations for profit is entrepôt.
Key Takeaway: An entrepôt is a trading post where merchandise can be imported and exported without paying import duties, usually at a profit from trade conditions. Today, this use has mostly been taken over by customs areas in the entrepôt's country. Entrepôts were especially relevant in the Middle Ages and in the early modern period, when mercantile trading flourished between Europe and its colonial empires in the Americas and Asia.

Question 9

Who was Thomas Malthus?&#10;A)A British scholar who made the idea of paying rent popular.&#10;B)A pastor who was greatly influential in the British economy.&#10;C)A British scholar who worried that rampant population growth would decrease the possibility of moving toward a utopian society.&#10;D)All of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the above. Thomas Malthus was a British scholar and pastor who popularized the economic theory of rent, was greatly influential in the political economy, and worried that rampant population growth would decrease the possibility of moving toward a utopian society.
Key Takeaway: Thomas Robert Malthus was a British scholar and pastor, who was greatly influential in the political economy and anthropological circles. Malthus originally made the idea of rent popular and thought that rampant population growth would preclude progressing towards a utopian society (which was a social ideal of his time).

Question 10

What is a contour?&#10;A)A line that shows points of equal elevation&#10;B)A line graph that depicts the population density of a region over time&#10;C)A line that shows all of the varying points of elevation&#10;D)A line that shows all the points equidistant from a known, central location, like a city

Accepted Answer

A contour is a line that shows points of equal elevation.
Key Takeaway: A contour line, also known as an isoline, joins points of equal elevation above a given level (like the sea level). Contour lines describe the intersection of a surface with one or more horizontal planes. In other words, all other relative spaces are described in relationship to that line. An example would be the sea level when we say that other places are so many feet above or below the sea level.

Question 11

How are density and dispersion different?&#10;A)Density is the number of individuals in an area and dispersion describes their proximity to one another.&#10;B)Dispersion measures the mobility of individuals in an area; density lists the individuals.&#10;C)Density describes the relative weight of individuals, divided by the population; dispersion is how that number changes over time.&#10;D)Dispersion is used in rural areas; density is used in urban areas.

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

Compared to the method of shifting cultivation, subsistence agriculture is characterized by which of the following?&#10;A)Organic farming&#10;B)Greater use of animal power&#10;C)Gigantic farms owned by multinational corporations&#10;D)A greater reliance upon genetically engineered foods

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Question 13

Which of the following regions of the world contains the smallest percentage of the world's population?&#10;A)The Eastern Hemisphere&#10;B)The Northern Hemisphere&#10;C)The Southern Hemisphere&#10;D)Coastal areas of the world that are within 100 miles of the ocean

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Question 14

What is the correct term for the point in the urban landscape with the highest real estate prices?&#10;A)Breaking point&#10;B)Peak land-value intersection&#10;C)Gold district&#10;D)Downtown

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Question 15

What is the caste system in Hindu India based upon?&#10;A)Regional cultural divisions, dominated by Hindi-speakers from the north&#10;B)A strict social hierarchy in which a person is born and cannot change during their lifetime&#10;C)A colonial social structure that was created by British rulers&#10;D)A political party system that is tied to economic class divisions like white-collar and blue-collar

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Question 16

Why did Canada and the United States have a higher crude death rate than Mexico in 2005?&#10;A)Canada and the United States spent less on preventative health care.&#10;B)Canada and the United States had a larger elderly population.&#10;C)Canada and the United States received more undocumented immigrants.&#10;D)Canada and the United States had a lower standard of living.

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Question 17

Why does every map have some degree of distortion?&#10;A)Because political boundaries constantly change&#10;B)Because the grid system is two-dimensional, but the Earth is three-dimensional&#10;C)Because a curved surface cannot be represented on a flat surface without distorting the curvature of topography&#10;D)Accurate maps do not have any distortion.

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Question 18

What twentieth century invented language, based on Latin, was meant to become a dominant world language?&#10;A)Idiom Neutral&#10;B)Occidental&#10;C)Esperanto&#10;D)Interlingua

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Question 19

How are pastoral nomads distinguished from other forms of subsistence farmers?&#10;A)They obtain their grain through a trade system.&#10;B)They consume animals rather than grain.&#10;C)They only occupy deserts.&#10;D)All of the above

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Question 20

What is the correct terminology for describing the location of the Equator?&#10;A)0 degrees north&#10;B)0 degrees latitude&#10;C)0 degrees longitude&#10;D)0 degrees east

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Question 21

A decrease in the trade between different places as the relative distance between those places increases is the definition of which of the following terms?&#10;A)Relative decline&#10;B)Geographical decrease&#10;C)Elasticity&#10;D)Distance decay

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Question 22

Of the following lists, which is a list of newly industrialized countries, otherwise known as NICs?&#10;A)Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea&#10;B)France, Germany, and Hungary&#10;C)The Philippines, Thailand, and Malaysia&#10;D)South Africa, Egypt, and Mali

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Question 23

What is a social group said to display when they are completely unresponsive to a useful innovation?&#10;A)Cultural lag&#10;B)Social anti-growth&#10;C)Anti-modernization&#10;D)Dissonant growth

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Question 24

What is the best description for the geographic concept of &#34;nation&#34;?&#10;A)It is the equivalent of a country or state.&#10;B)It is a population and area controlled by an organized government.&#10;C)It is a population with a single religion and government.&#10;D)It is a population represented by a single culture.

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Question 25

Which concept is based upon the idea that all things in geographic space are related, but closer things are considered to be more related than others?&#10;A)Spatial closeness&#10;B)Geographic relativity&#10;C)Environmental determinism&#10;D)Tobler's Law

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Question 26

What have agro industry firms worked to develop in recent decades in order to increase the productivity of agricultural crops and to increase pest-resistance?&#10;A)Harsher chemical fertilizers&#10;B)Organic farming&#10;C)Seed saving techniques&#10;D)Genetically engineered foods

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Question 27

What type of map shows the Earth's physical features?&#10;A)Political&#10;B)Topographic&#10;C)Chloropleth&#10;D)Mercator projection

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Question 28

What is the correct term for the sudden disappearance of whole species of large animals about 10,000 years ago?&#10;A)Taxonomic extermination&#10;B)Pleistocene overkill&#10;C)Faunal holocaust&#10;D)Mesolithic extinction

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Question 29

On which continent is the largest number of refugees located, as of the early twenty-first century?&#10;A)Europe&#10;B)South America&#10;C)Asia&#10;D)Africa

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Question 30

Which of the following countries has been a candidate for admission to the European Union (EU) since 2005, but has not yet been accepted?&#10;A)The United States&#10;B)The Czech Republic&#10;C)Turkey&#10;D)Malta

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Question 31

What is the correct term for the large-scale emigration of extremely intelligent and/or talented people?&#10;A)Intelligent emigration&#10;B)Brain Drain&#10;C)Mass exodus&#10;D)Enlightenment theory

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Question 32

Violent confrontations in Aceh, Ambon, and East Timor illustrate the problem of holding together which physically and culturally diverse country?&#10;A)Malaysia&#10;B)Thailand&#10;C)Indonesia&#10;D)South Africa

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Question 33

What would be a negative social effect of gentrification in cities?&#10;A)Older architecture is preserved, rather than building new structures.&#10;B)Increased rents and real estate prices would force out poorer residents.&#10;C)Older residents would receive new homes in suburban areas.&#10;D)Construction companies would have to work on projects in areas with existing housing.

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Question 34

Due to high land costs, American CBDs are characterized by which of the following?&#10;A)More young people moving in to urban centers&#10;B)A large decline in population growth&#10;C)Creation of large, sprawling factories&#10;D)Construction of skyscrapers

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Question 35

What is the traditional method of farming in woodland areas that now poses an environmental problem in the tropical rainforests?&#10;A)Factory farming&#10;B)Subsistence agriculture&#10;C)Monocropping&#10;D)Slash and burn agriculture

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Question 36

What is the term for the process wherein a national economy shifts away from manufacturing to production that is dominated by services and high technology development?&#10;A)Service industrialization&#10;B)Deindustrialization&#10;C)The Industrial Revolution&#10;D)Service capitalism

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Question 37

What is the Vatican, within the city of Rome, an example of?&#10;A)Enclave&#10;B)Colony&#10;C)Exclave&#10;D)Special economic zone

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Question 38

Which of the following lists are all renewable energy sources?&#10;A)Diesel, coal, and natural gas&#10;B)Hydrocarbon, methane, and coal&#10;C)Wind power, solar, and geothermal&#10;D)Nuclear, ethanol, and petroleum

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Question 39

The Hindu Kush Mountains cover the majority of which of the following countries?&#10;A)Turkey&#10;B)Iran&#10;C)Iraq&#10;D)Afghanistan

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Question 40

What is it called when two or more different parent elements develop a new form of cultural trait by fusion?&#10;A)Syncretism&#10;B)Synergism&#10;C)Syncratic growth&#10;D)Symbiotic progression

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Question 41

What is the correct term for the expansion of city limit boundaries to include new suburbs and areas of city utility infrastructure, usually for the purposes of an election?&#10;A)Gentrification&#10;B)Economic overlap&#10;C)Gerrymandering&#10;D)Suburban pandering

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Question 42

In comparison to other &#34;renewables,&#34; what is the major limitation of solar power electricity production?&#10;A)Solar panels can't be used during the winter.&#10;B)The reflectance of the panel negatively affects air traffic control.&#10;C)Electricity can only really be produced for half the day.&#10;D)The process of creating the panels requires large amounts of fossil fuels.

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Question 43

The portion of the earth's surface that is permanently inhabited by humans is the _________.&#10;A)Biosphere&#10;B)Ecumene&#10;C)Environment&#10;D)Globe

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Question 44

Which body of water lost much of its volume because water was diverted to irrigate nearby cotton fields?&#10;A)The Nile&#10;B)The Colorado River&#10;C)The Aral Sea&#10;D)The Mediterranean Sea

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Question 45

What is the use of the English language for worldwide business an example of?&#10;A)A lingua franca&#10;B)Translingual migration&#10;C)Western diffusion&#10;D)Anglo-Saxon homogenization

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Question 46

Of the following lists of cities, which includes only primate cities?&#10;A)Chicago, Marseille, and Boston&#10;B)London, Paris, and Toronto&#10;C)Denver, Johannesburg, and Seattle&#10;D)Guadalajara, San Diego, and Philadelphia

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Question 47

Which of the following statements about hunting and gathering is true?&#10;A)It is a nomadic life.&#10;B)It is still practiced today.&#10;C)All humans were hunters and gatherers before the advent of agriculture.&#10;D)All of the above

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The answer of Which of the following statements about hunting...

Question 48

What is the concept wherein physical geographic factors like climate, soils, and resources shape a specific cultural group's behavior and practices?&#10;A)Environmental determinism&#10;B)Eco-Convergence&#10;C)Physical determinism&#10;D)Environmental imperialism

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Question 49

Where are secondary industries, like lumber mills and fish canneries, where manufacturing is highly dependent upon a single natural resource likely to be located?&#10;A)Near transportation centers&#10;B)Centrally within thriving commercial market regions&#10;C)Close to the locations of the natural resources to be manufactured&#10;D)In residential zones

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Question 50

Which of the following terms refers to the study of the relationship between culture and the physical environment?&#10;A)Cultural ecology&#10;B)Culture history&#10;C)Central culture theory&#10;D)Cross-cultural ecological analysis

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Question 51

When large numbers of people emigrate from a particular region to another as a result of communications from friends and relatives who preceded them in the new area, what is it called?&#10;A)Familial migration&#10;B)External migration&#10;C)Chain migration&#10;D)Fraternal migration

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Question 52

Why is the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) considered to be a free-trade zone between the United States, Canada, and Mexico?&#10;A)The postal services provide free shipping of goods between countries.&#10;B)Border control stations and customs inspections were eliminated.&#10;C)Tariffs on goods and services traded across borders were eliminated&#10;D)There is a free movement of labor across international borders without need for visas

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Question 53

What is an example of a nation without a representative state?&#10;A)Turks&#10;B)Portuguese&#10;C)Kurds&#10;D)Filipinos

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Question 54

What body of water in Southwest Asia is the saltiest and at the lowest elevation of any in the world?&#10;A)Mediterranean Sea&#10;B)Caspian Sea&#10;C)Black Sea&#10;D)Dead Sea

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Question 55

What type of climate would you find in southern Israel?&#10;A)Mountain&#10;B)Desert&#10;C)Mediterranean&#10;D)Temperate

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Question 56

Turkey, Morocco, and Spain share common cultural traits such as architecture and vocabulary, due to the influence of which culture?&#10;A)Arabic&#10;B)Greek&#10;C)Italian&#10;D)British

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Question 57

What has been the long-term demographic effect of the One-Child Policy in China?&#10;A)A reduction of the total fertility rate that falls below the rate of replacement&#10;B)Many educated Chinese citizens have migrated to other countries to have more children.&#10;C)A smaller total population in China&#10;D)Farms have shut down, as there are not enough people to work the land.

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Question 58

Which of the following is the most important medium for transmitting culture?&#10;A)Universities&#10;B)Dance&#10;C)Language&#10;D)Legislation

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Question 59

What is the term for the continuous development of new housing sites in a city that are not adjacent to existing built-up areas?&#10;A)Gentrification&#10;B)Edge growth&#10;C)Urban sprawl&#10;D)Suburban colonization

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Question 60

Why does gerrymandering adjust voting district boundaries?&#10;A)To benefit the interest of a group or political party&#10;B)To attempt to have an equal amount of constituents in demographics like age and gender&#10;C)To ensure that all districts are the same size and shape&#10;D)Gerrymandering does not adjust voting district boundaries.

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Question 61

Where are Mediterranean agricultural products produced in the United States primarily grown?&#10;A)The Upper Northwest&#10;B)The Southeast&#10;C)The Upper Midwest&#10;D)Central and Southern California

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Question 62

Which continent has the highest overall fertility rate?&#10;A)South America&#10;B)Asia&#10;C)Africa&#10;D)Europe

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Question 63

Where do reggae, ska, and Rastafarianism have their origins?&#10;A)Cuba&#10;B)The United States&#10;C)Jamaica&#10;D)Grand Bahama

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Question 64

Which of the following products is the least likely to be produced in Mediterranean agriculture?&#10;A)Olives&#10;B)Grapes&#10;C)Butter&#10;D)Fruits

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Deck 28: (AP) Human Geography: Part A