Question 1

Entities are not to be multiplied without necessity is a principle attributed to ----------.&#10;A)john dun scotus&#10;B)roger bacon&#10;C)st. aquinas&#10;D)william of ockham

Accepted Answer

This principle is known as Occam's Razor, attributed to William of Ockham. It suggests that among competing hypotheses, the one with the fewest assumptions should be selected.

Question 2

According to ------------- universals do not exist separately and independently from objects.&#10;A)john dun scotus&#10;B)roger bacon&#10;C)st. aquinas&#10;D)william of ockham

Accepted Answer

William of Ockham argued for nominalism, which posits that universals do not exist independently of the objects they describe.

Question 3

According to ---------------- universals are mere conventional signs.&#10;A)john dun scotus&#10;B)roger bacon&#10;C)st. aquinas&#10;D)william of ockham

Accepted Answer

William of Ockham is known for his nominalist position, arguing that universals are not real entities but merely names (flatus vocis) or conventional signs we use to categorize individual things.

Question 4

For ---------------- only particulars exist which are known by perception.&#10;A)john dun scotus&#10;B)roger bacon&#10;C)st. aquinas&#10;D)william of ockham

Accepted Answer

William of Ockham is known for his nominalist position, which asserts that only individual, particular things (particulars) exist, and that universals are only mental concepts without real, independent existence. This view emphasizes the importance of empirical evidence and perception in knowing these particulars.

Question 5

The main thinker of the first period of scholasticism is --------- .&#10;A)st. augustine&#10;B)st. anslem&#10;C)st. thomas aquinas&#10;D)none of these

Accepted Answer

St. Anselm, who lived from 1033 to 1109, is often considered the main thinker of the first period of scholasticism. His ontological argument for the existence of God and his contributions to Christian theology mark significant developments in medieval scholastic thought.

Question 6

The most important thinker of the Scholaticism was ------------- .&#10;A)st. augustine&#10;B)st. anslem&#10;C)st. thomas aquinas&#10;D)none of these

Accepted Answer

St. Thomas Aquinas is widely regarded as the most important thinker of the Scholasticism period, significantly influencing the development of Western philosophy and theology.

Question 7

The main thinker during the decline of scholasticism was ------------ .&#10;A)john dun scotus&#10;B)roger bacon&#10;C)st. aquinas&#10;D)william of ockham

Accepted Answer

William of Ockham is known for his contributions during the decline of scholasticism, particularly for his advocacy of nominalism and his development of Occam's Razor, which advocated for simpler explanations in philosophical and theological arguments.

Question 8

------------------ credited with the destruction of Scholastic philosophy.&#10;A)john dun scotus&#10;B)roger bacon&#10;C)st. aquinas&#10;D)william of ockham

Accepted Answer

William of Ockham is often credited with the destruction of Scholastic philosophy due to his advocacy of nominalism and his principle of parsimony, commonly known as Occam's Razor. This principle advocates for simplicity in explanation, which challenged the complex, often convoluted explanations favored by Scholastic philosophers.

Deck 8: Scholasticism and Universalism