Deck 2: Digestive Physiology

Question 1

The salivary secretion ?

A)Has a serous component.
B)Has a mucous component.
C)A and B are correct.
D)It is largely under hormonal control.

Answer 1

A and B are correct.

Question 2

The salivary secretion:

A)Is stimulated by most GIT hormones specially gastrin.
B)I s essential for complete digestion of starch.
C)Increases more by sweet than by bitter substances.
D)Markedly Increases by parasympathetic stimulatation.

Answer 2

Markedly Increases by parasympathetic stimulatation.

Question 3

Salivation can become a conditioned reflex .This suggests that:

A)Pleasant taste sensation are not related to the reflex .
B)Only salivatory nuclei in the brainstem need to be excited by taste sensation without participation of suprasegmental influences.
C)The cerebral cortex partially controls salivation.
D)salivation could be completely interrupted in a decorticate animal whose tongue is mechanically stimulated.

Answer 3

The cerebral cortex partially controls salivation.

Question 4

Saliva is characterized by all the following except:

A)Its concentration of K+ is the same as that in plasma.
B)Its Na+&Clconcentration are lower than those in plasma.
C)Its osmotic pressure and PH are lower than their corresponding values in plasma.
D)It exerts antibacterial action.

Question 5

which of the following statements about salivary secretion is untrue?

A)saliva contains digestive enzymes.
B)saliva has important antiseptic action.
C)It is largely under hormonal control.
D)none

Question 6

which of the following statements about salivary secretion is untrue?

A) saliva has constant composition regardless the rate of secretion.
B)The submandibular glands secrets about 70%of the total secretion .
C)The buccal phase of salivary secretion is due to unconditioned reflex.
D)none

Question 7

The pharyngeal phase of Swallowing:

A)Can be voluntairly inhibited.
B)Involves closure of larynx by the vocal cord.
C)Is associated with lowering of the soft palate.
D)Is accompanied by deep inspiration.

Question 8

The act of Swallowing is associated with:

A)Concurrent inhibition of respiration.
B)Opening of the glottis.
C)Movement of food into the nasopharynx.
D)upper esophageal sphincter constriction when food placed in contact with the anterior pillars of the pharynx.

Question 9

during which stage of Swallowing is respiration inhibited?

A)Voluntary stage.
B)pharyngeal stage.
C)Esophageal stage.
D)Postprandial stage.

Question 10

Deglutition (Swallowing):

A)Is a complicated act requiring the precise coordination of many muscle group.
B)Is an automatic function of smooth muscle.
C)Is associated with a lowering of hard palate to prevent reflux of food into the nasopharynx.
D)Does not require relaxation of cricopharyngeal muscle.

Question 11

During a normal Swallowing sequences ,the smooth muscle which surrounds the gastro esophageal junction.

A)Remains tonically constricted until the bolus arrives at this junction.
B)Relaxes even before the oncoming peristaltic wave has arrived.
C)constricts further on the passing bolus and allows a gradual esophageal emptying.
D)Is never constrict at all , and has no participation of any kind in the Swallowing process.

Question 12

Select a single incorrect answer about Swallowing:

A)Reflex apnea occurs during the pharyngeal phase.
B)the buccal phase of swallowing is voluntary.
C)Food is prevented from entering the nose during swallowing by elevation of epiglottis.
D)none

Question 13

Esophageal peristalsis:

A)Is stimulated by A.CH.
B)Is initiated by vagal reflexs.
C)Can be caused by distension of the esophagus.
D)All are correct.

Question 14

The musculature of the esophagus below the pharynx is:

A)Smooth only.
B)Mainly striated.
C)Incapable of peristalsis in absence of impulses from the Swallowing center.
D)Primarily innervated by spinal nerves.

Question 15

Secondary esophageal peristalsis:

A)Is preceded by an oral- pharyngeal phase of Swallowing .
B)Involves activation of medullary Swallowing centers .
C)Is accompanied by lower esophageal sphincter relaxation.
D)Occurs in both skeletal and smooth muscle portions of the esophagus.

Question 16

In contrast to Secondary esophageal peristalsis,primary esophageal peristalsis characterized by which of the following statements?

A)It does not involve relaxation of The lower esophageal sphincter.
B)It involves only contraction of esophageal smooth muscle.
C)It is not influenced by intrinsic nervous system.
D)It has an oropharyngeal phase.

Question 17

All the following statements about esophagus are true except:

A)UES is a true sphincter.
B)Gastrin increases tone of LES.
C)LES contracts during Swallowing .
D)none

Question 18

HCL secretion in the stomach:

A)Is a function of peptic cells.
B)Require no energy.
C)Occurs by passive diffusion of both H+ and CLin the gastric human.
D)Require presence of carbonic anhydrase enzyme.

Question 19

Gastric emptying:

A)Is normally completed about 9 hours after ingestion of a usual meal.
B)Is slowest if the food is soft and rich in carbohydrates.
C)Is inhibited by excessive acidity in the duodenum.
D)Is accelerated by presences of fat or hypertonic solutions in the duodenum.

Question 20

Acidification of the duodenum will:

A)Decrease pancreatic secretion of bicarbonate.
B)Increase secretion of gastric acid.
C)Decrease gastric emptying.
D)Increase contraction of the gall bladder.

Question 21

Oxyntic or parietal cells secrete:

A)HCL.
B)Trypsin.
C)Zymogen granules.
D)Pepsinogen.

Question 22

Ingesting antacids with and after a meal so that PH doesn`t decrease below 6 will cause a greater than normal secretion of:

A)Gastrin.
B)Secretin.
C)Pancreatic bicarbonate.
D)CCK.

Question 23

The pangs associated with hunger :

A)Are decreased a low level of blood sugar.
B)Are accompanied with feeling of hunger and pain in the pit of the stomach.
C)Usually appear 3 to 4 hour after fasting begins.
D)diminish after 1 to 2 days of starvation.

Question 24

Chronic gastritis is often associated with which of the following :

A)Microcytic anemia.
B)Hyperchlorohydria.
C)Steatorrhea.
D)pernicious anemia.

Question 25

Vitamin B12 absorption :

A)Depends on presence of intrinsic factor.
B)Depends on passive diffusion.
C)Occurs in the jujenum.
D)Occurs in the stomach.