Deck 8: Treatment Intervention Prevention and Supervision

Question 1

Monitoring treatment has garnered more attention and focus in the recent past. One monitoring method, known as total quality management (TQM), relies on five basic premises. Which of the following is NOT one of those premises?

A)Utilization review
B)Measurement
C)Systematic support
D)Continuous improvement

Answer 1

Utilization review

Question 2

Behavioral theory postulates that behavior is in response to external factors and situational stimuli; thus, behaviorists believe that psychopathology is a result of learned patterns, not innate deficits. Behavioral interventions are divided into three categories. Which of those categories does counterconditioning fall into?

A)Operant conditioning
B)Classical conditioning
C)Social learning
D)Reinforcement learning

Answer 2

Classical conditioning

Question 3

Behavioral theory postulates that behavior is in response to external factors and situational stimuli; thus, behaviorists believe that psychopathology is a result of learned patterns, not innate deficits. Behavioral interventions are divided into three categories. Which of the following techniques belonging to the classical conditioning category is used to treat specific phobias?

A)Aversive conditioning
B)Systematic desensitization
C)Sensate focus
D)Reinforcement

Answer 3

Systematic desensitization

Question 4

Behavioral theory postulates that behavior is in response to external factors and situational stimuli; thus, behaviorists believe that psychopathology is a result of learned patterns, not innate deficits. Behavioral interventions are divided into three categories. Which of the following techniques belonging to the classical conditioning category uses pleasure to counter performance anxiety?

A)Sensate focus
B)Assertiveness training
C)Primary reinforcers
D)Systematic desensitization

Question 5

Behavioral theory postulates that behavior is in response to external factors and situational stimuli; thus, behaviorists believe that psychopathology is a result of learned patterns, not innate deficits. One subset of behavioral intervention, classical extinction, deals with fears and phobias by presenting the conditioned stimulus to the patient. Which technique belongs to this type of intervention?

A)Systematic desensitization
B)Aversive conditioning
C)Flooding
D)Shaping

Question 6

Behavioral theory postulates that behavior is in response to external factors and situational stimuli; thus, behaviorists believe that psychopathology is a result of learned patterns, not innate deficits. Operant conditioning, unlike classical conditioning, involves reinforcement or punishment. There are multiple types of reinforcers noted in the approach to operant conditioning treatment. Which type of reinforcer acquires value as such through experience and repetition?

A)Primary
B)Secondary
C)Tertiary
D)Generalized

Question 7

Operant conditioning, a behaviorist-based treatment approach, involves using reinforcement and punishment as tools to control and maintain behaviors. There are different intervention strategies that use reinforcement. Which of those involves reinforcing a patient for every step taken towards a specific goal?

A)Token economies
B)Shaping
C)Contingency contracting
D)Self-reinforcement

Question 8

Operant conditioning, a behaviorist-based treatment approach, involves using reinforcement and punishment as tools to control and maintain behaviors. There are different intervention strategies that use reinforcement. Which of those strategies uses a high frequency behavior to reinforce a low frequency behavior?

A)Contingency contracting
B)Token economies
C)Premack principle
D)Differential reinforcement of other behaviors

Question 9

Operant conditioning, a behaviorist-based treatment approach, involves using reinforcement and punishment as tools to control and maintain behaviors. There are different intervention strategies that use reinforcement. Which of those strategies is useful for treating problematic interactions between multiple people?

A)Differential reinforcement of other behaviors
B)Token economies
C)Shaping
D)Contingency contracting

Question 10

Operant conditioning, a behaviorist-based treatment approach, involves using reinforcement and punishment as tools to control and maintain behaviors. There are different intervention strategies that use reinforcement. Which of those strategies makes use of a classical conditioning technique, as well as positive reinforcement?

A)Self-reinforcement
B)Differential reinforcement of other behaviors
C)Token economies
D)Shaping of other behaviors

Question 11

Operant conditioning, a behaviorist-based treatment approach, involves using reinforcement and punishment as tools to control and maintain behaviors. There are different intervention strategies that use reinforcement. Which of those strategies involves using tangible rewards for desirable behavior?

A)Contingency contracting
B)Token economies
C)Shaping
D)Premack principle

Question 12

Operant conditioning, a behaviorist-based treatment approach, involves using reinforcement and punishment as tools to control and maintain behaviors. There are different intervention strategies that use reinforcement. Stimulus control is one strategy; what does it involve?

A)Removing possible stimuli for the undesirable behavior from the environment
B)Narrowing the range of stimuli that elicit a particular behavior
C)Ignoring the urge to behave in a certain manner when confronted with stimuli
D)Punishment for undesirable behavior that occurs in response to certain stimuli

Question 13

Operant conditioning, a behaviorist-based treatment approach, involves using reinforcement and punishment as tools to control and maintain behaviors. Punishment, known as aversive behavior control, is used in different methods. Which of those involves giving an individual time to perform the desired behavior before receiving punishment for not performing that behavior?

A)Escape learning
B)Positive punishment
C)Avoidance learning
D)Overcorrection

Question 14

Operant conditioning, a behaviorist-based treatment approach, involves using reinforcement and punishment as tools to control and maintain behaviors. Punishment, known as aversive behavior control, is used in different methods. Which of those methods involves making restitution that goes above and beyond the degree of the undesirable behavior?

A)Escape learning
B)Positive punishment
C)Overcorrection
D)Shaping punishment

Question 15

Operant conditioning, a behaviorist-based treatment approach, involves using reinforcement and punishment as tools to control and maintain behaviors. Punishment, known as aversive behavior control, is used in different methods. A common suggestion made to patients that belong to this category of conditioning is to wear a rubber band on the wrist and snap it whenever thinking an undesirable thought. Which of the following paradigms does that method demonstrate?

A)Escape learning
B)Positive punishment
C)Avoidance learning
D)Aversive conditioning

Question 16

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) is a structured therapy program developed by Marsha Lineham. Although DBT has proven useful in treating a range of disorders, it was developed to treat one specific disorder (and is the first therapeutic method thought to be successful in doing so). Which disorder was DBT developed to treat?

A)Dysthymia
B)Borderline personality disorder (BPD)
C)Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
D)Schizoaffective disorder

Question 17

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) is a structured therapy program developed by Marsha Linehan to treat borderline personality disorder. There are four requirements of patients undergoing DBT. Which of the following is NOT one of those requirements:

A)To remain in therapy for a specified time period
B)To work on reducing suicidal behavior
C)To have intermittent telephone contact with the therapist
D)To attend skills training

Question 18

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) is a structured therapy program developed by Marsha Linehan to treat borderline personality disorder. DBT includes attending a skills group where patients work on four skills modules. Which of the following is NOT one of those modules?

A)Mindfulness
B)Confrontation of past trauma
C)Distress tolerance
D)Interpersonal effectiveness

Question 19

In the early 20th century, criticism of behaviorist theory included the idea that there are internal processes that affect learning (cognition) that also need to be understood and addressed in therapy. A number of theorists collaborated in the development of an alternative to behaviorist therapy, Gestalt psychology. Wolfgang Kohler, one of those psychologists, took part in an experiment that contributed to the development of Gestalt. What was the discovery of that experiment?

A)Phi phenomenon
B)Persistence of vision
C)Insight
D)Psychoacoustics

Question 20

In the early 20th century, criticism of behaviorist theory included the idea that there are internal processes that affect learning (cognition) that also need to be understood and addressed in therapy. Cognitive-behavioral theory (CBT) was developed as an alternative to behaviorist theory. Which of the following CBT therapy methods was developed by Albert Ellis?

A)Cognitive behavior modification
B)Cognitive therapy
C)Rational-emotive therapy
D)Self-control therapy

Question 21

In the early 20th century, criticism of behaviorist theory included the idea that there are internal processes that affect learning (cognition) that also need to be understood and addressed in therapy. Cognitive-behavioral theory (CBT) and a number of new therapy methods were developed as an alternative to behaviorist theory. Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), developed by Ellis, is based on the belief that irrational beliefs are the cause of emotional disturbances. Which of the following is part of the theory behind REBT?

A)The ABC model
B)The AC model
C)The Gestalt effect
D)The mental wellness model

Question 22

In the early 20th century, criticism of behaviorist theory included the idea that there are internal processes that affect learning (cognition) that also need to be understood and addressed in therapy. Cognitive-behavioral theory (CBT) and a number of new therapy methods were developed as an alternative to behaviorist theory. Which psychologist developed cognitive therapy?

A)Albert Ellis
B)Aaron Beck
C)Arnold Lazarus
D)Donald Meichenbaum

Question 23

In the 20th century, cognitive-behavioral theory (CBT) and a number of new therapy methods were developed as an alternative to behaviorist theory. Beck's cognitive therapy is based on the idea that emotional and psychological disturbances result from maladaptive beliefs. His theory identifies a maladaptive cognitive triad that causes depression. Which of the following is not a component of that triad?

A)Negative view of the self
B)Negative view of the past
C)Negative view of the world
D)Negative view of the future

Question 24

Beck's cognitive therapy is based on the idea that emotional and psychological disturbances result from maladaptive beliefs. In the course of developing his theories, Beck coined a term that refers to a way in which depressed people slant objective reality to support self-deprecating thoughts. What is that term?

A)Faulty conceptions
B)Logical errors
C)Automatic thoughts
D)Self-signals

Question 25

In the early 20th century, criticism of behaviorist theory included the idea that there are internal processes that affect learning (cognition) that also need to be understood and addressed in therapy. Cognitive-behavioral theory (CBT) and a number of new therapy methods were developed as an alternative to behaviorist theory. Donald Meichenbaum developed cognitive behavioral modification (CBM). Which of the following is NOT an aspect of CBM?

A)Self-statements
B)Collaboration
C)Socratic questioning
D)Directly challenging patients

Question 26

In the early 20th century, cognitive-behavioral theory (CBT) and a number of new therapy methods were developed as an alternative to behaviorist theory. Donald Meichenbaum developed cognitive behavioral modification (CBM). One method associated with CBM, self-instruction therapy, outlines a procedure for patients who have trouble completing tasks. What is the third step of this procedure?

A)Therapist verbalization
B)Patient verbalization
C)Therapist modeling
D)Patient modeling

Question 27

In the early 20th century, cognitive-behavioral theory (CBT) and a number of new therapy methods were developed as an alternative to behaviorist theory. Donald Meichenbaum developed cognitive behavioral modification (CBM). One method associated with CBM is self-instruction therapy. What disorder has CBM been empirically proven to treat?

A)Dysthymia
B)ADHD
C)PTSD
D)Asperger's

Question 28

In the early 20th century, cognitive-behavioral theory (CBT) and a number of new therapy methods were developed as an alternative to behaviorist theory. Donald Meichenbaum developed cognitive behavioral modification (CBM). One CBM method CBM is known as stress inoculation training (SIT). This method involves a three-stage process. What is the second stage of that process?

A)Cognitive preparation
B)Application of skills in imagination
C)Coping skills acquisition
D)Education

Question 29

In the early 20th century, cognitive-behavioral theory (CBT) and a number of new therapy methods were developed as an alternative to behaviorist theory. In the mid-seventies, Lynn Rehm proposed a CBT theory discussing one particular psychological disorder. What is that theory?

A)Self-control model of depression
B)Self-control model of anxiety
C)Self-instruction model
D)Self-reinforcement model

Question 30

In the 20th century, cognitive-behavioral theory (CBT) and a number of new therapy methods were developed as an alternative to behaviorist theory. The model of relapse prevention, which falls under the umbrella of CBT, is an alternative to abstinence-based methods of addressing addiction. Who developed this model?

A)Lynn Rehm
B)Bill Wilson
C)Aaron Beck
D)Alan Marlatt

Question 31

William Glasser developed reality therapy based on the idea that all people have five basic, innate needs. This method of therapy focuses on developing awareness of what we want or need at all times and behaving in a way to effectively receive those things. Which of the following is NOT one of the five basic needs Glasser identified?

A)Survival
B)Connection
C)Responsibility
D)Freedom

Question 32

Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), developed by Ellis, is based on the belief that irrational beliefs are the cause of emotional disturbances. This method of therapy is based on the ABC model (activating events, beliefs about events, and consequences of events). Which of the following is NOT a technique used in REBT?

A)Contingency contracting
B)Decatastrophizing
C)Response prevention
D)Psychoeducation

Question 33

Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), developed by Ellis, is based on the belief that irrational beliefs are the cause of emotional disturbances. This method of therapy is based on the ABC model (activating events, beliefs about events, and consequences of events). Ellis suggests three main insights of REBT. Which of the following statements does NOT belong to one of those insights?

A)Insight alone rarely enables individuals to resolve emotional disturbance.
B)Irrational beliefs are the main source of emotional disturbance and consequences.
C)Individuals will continue to hold onto irrational beliefs as long as they are disturbed.
D)Confronting and changing irrational beliefs can result in solving emotional disturbances and avoiding them in the future.

Question 34

Systems theory, as it applies to family therapy, maintains that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts and that families must be studied as a system, rather than a group of individuals. One idea of family systems theory posits that the same outcome can be reached through many different methods. What is this idea called?

A)Equipotentiality
B)Equifinality
C)Feedback loop
D)Morphostasis

Question 35

Systems theory, as it applies to family therapy, maintains that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts and that families must be studied as a system, rather than a group of individuals. One concept of this theory refers to the ability of a family system to maintain consistent organization despite periodic challenges. What is that concept called?

A)Homeostasis
B)Morphostasis
C)Morphogenesis
D)Equilibrium

Question 36

Murray Bowen developed extended family systems therapy to address his belief that levels of differentiation between family members lower from one generation to the next, causing severe stress in family units. His theory is based on eight interlocking concepts. Which of the following is NOT one of those concepts?

A)Emotional cutoff
B)Sibling position
C)Metacommunication
D)Triangles

Question 37

Murray Bowen developed extended family systems therapy to address his belief that levels of differentiation between family members decrease from one generation to the next, causing severe stress in family units. His theory is based on eight interlocking concepts. Which of those concepts refers to the process of one or both people in dispute with each other easing their own anxiety by psychologically making a unit of themselves and another family member?

A)Family projection process
B)Unifying protection process
C)Triangulation
D)Emotional cutoff

Question 38

Humanist and existentialist theories of psychology both focus on patient's subjective experiences and endorse a phenomenological approach to therapy. Though similar, there are a few key differences between humanism and existentialism. Which of the following statements is not true of the relationship between these two approaches?

A)Humanists and existentialists trust in the individual's ability to make constructive choices.
B)Existentialists believe in the importance of self-actualization.
C)Humanists believe in the importance of self-actualization.
D)Existentialists believe that individuals have no inherent nature to actualize.

Question 39

Carl Rogers, a humanist psychologist, developed a theory of the self-based on nineteen original propositions. Which of the following statements is not in line with those propositions?

A)Psychological tension arises from denying awareness of sensory experiences.
B)Emotion facilitates goal-oriented behavior.
C)Individuals are surrounded by a phenomenal field that makes up their reality.
D)Individuals must strive to inject meaning into their perceptual field.

Question 40

Client-centered therapy, a humanistic method developed by Carl Rogers, is based on the idea that all people have the innate capacity to develop into positive, healthy beings. What does this model attribute pathology and behavioral problems to?

A)Negative environmental circumstances
B)Lack of opportunity to learn positive traits
C)Incongruence between true feelings and experience
D)Incongruence between true feelings and the external world

Question 41

Gestalt therapy, based on Gestalt theory, focuses on a patient becoming aware of the whole personality by connecting to aspects of personality that are currently blocked. Polster and Polster identified five disturbances to that contact. Which of the following is NOT one of those disturbances?

A)Retroflection
B)Rejection
C)Introjection
D)Deflection

Question 42

Gestalt therapy, based on Gestalt theory, focuses on a patient becoming aware of the whole personality by connecting to aspects of personality that are currently blocked. Polster and Polster identified five disturbances to that contact. Which of those disturbances is marked by redirecting thoughts or actions aimed towards others onto the self?

A)Retroflection
B)Introjection
C)Projection
D)Confluence

Question 43

Glasser's reality therapy aims to clarify values and needs and determine realistic goals and courses of action to meet those needs. It is based in part on choice theory, which makes what claim?

A)That people can choose to adapt to current circumstances in a way that satisfies basic needs
B)That people create a quality world that includes all the things important to them, and strive to make the external world consistent with that inner world
C)That people create choices for themselves based on basic needs, and must learn how to behave in a way that meets those choices
D)That commitment to choices will result in fulfilling all basic needs

Question 44

The transtheoretical model, also known as the stages of change model, is generally used to treat health-related behaviors, such as substance addiction or weight management. There are multiple stages an individual goes through in this therapy. Which of the following is the correct order of stages?

A)Precontemplation, preparation, action, maintenance
B)Precontemplation, preparation, contemplation, action, maintenance
C)Precontemplation, contemplation, action, maintenance
D)Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance

Question 45

Working with object relations theory, James Framo developed new approaches to family therapy. What specific method is Framo known for in this field?

A)Family-of-origin therapy
B)Systems therapy
C)Re-story relationship therapy
D)Solution-focused therapy

Question 46

Family therapy has been most influenced by general systems theory and by cybernetics. Cybernetics focuses on feedback loops-the circular nature of events and consequences. Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback loop?

A)A family maintains current dynamic by working on problems in therapy.
B)A family changes dynamic by working on problems in therapy.
C)A family changes dynamic in response to the loss of a family member.
D)A family reverts to prior dynamic in response to the loss of a family member.

Question 47

Theodore Lidz, in the field of psychodynamic family therapy, identified two unhealthy types of marital relationships-marital schism and marital skew. Which of the following statements is NOT true about these two deviant relationships?

A)Marital schism involves recurrent threats of separation.
B)Marital skew meets the needs of one individual at the expenses of the needs of others.
C)Marital skew lacks role reciprocity.
D)Marital schism involves divisive battles between children of divorced parents.

Question 48

Salvador Minuchin developed structural family therapy, which assesses a family along different dimensions. This theory considers a family to be a single system and identifies chronic boundary problems in that system. Which of the following is not one of the boundary problems identified by Minuchin?

A)Individuation
B)Triangulation
C)Stable coalition
D)Detouring

Question 49

Communications family therapy was developed by a group of therapists, known as the MRI group, for their work done at the Mental Research Institute in Palo Alto. Who among the following therapists was NOT part of the MRI group?

A)Virginia Satir
B)Gregory Bateson
C)Jay Haley
D)Theodore Lidz

Question 50

Communications family therapy, developed by the MRI group, developed specific techniques to address communication problems, some of which were paradoxical. Which of the following techniques might be implemented by a communications family therapist for a couple with marital problems and disagreements?

A)Stop talking completely about their problems for one week
B)Fight about their problems for at least two hours a day
C)Utilize problematic communication methods to approach disagreements from a new angle
D)Point out problematic communication patterns and suggest alternatives

Question 51

Systemic family therapy, developed by the Milan group, involves elements of systems theory as well as elements of strategic theory. Which of the following therapeutic techniques is a key part of systemic therapy?

A)Circular questioning
B)Reverse psychology
C)Caring days
D)Differentiation

Question 52

Steve de Shazer developed a type of family therapy known as solution-focused therapy based on the idea that expectations are powerful and can impact behavior and life events. What is the initial key technique employed in this style of therapy?

A)The miracle question
B)The coping question
C)De-triangulation
D)Circular questioning

Question 53

Steve de Shazer developed a type of family therapy known as solution-focused therapy based on the idea that expectations are powerful and can impact behavior and life events. Solution-focused therapy uses several types of questions to discover wants and set goals. What type of question asks patients to rate their problem?

A)Scaling question
B)Miracle question
C)Coping question
D)Exception question

Question 54

Which type of family therapy asks an individual to externalize a problem in order to better understand and overcome it?

A)Family systems therapy
B)Cognitive behavioral therapy
C)Narrative therapy
D)Purging therapy

Question 55

Richard Stuart combined operant learning principles with social exchange theory to develop a new approach to marital therapy. Social exchange theory maintains that behavior in relationships is determined by a ratio of costs and benefits. Which of the following therapeutic techniques is associated with this type of therapy?

A)Differentiation
B)Contingency contracting
C)Prescription of rituals
D)Transactions

Question 56

Anxiety disorders are those in which anxiety becomes expressed somatically-there are physical symptoms that are disproportionally reactive to events. Panic disorder is one specific type of anxiety disorder. Which of the following statements is not true of panic disorder?

A)It is characterized by repeated and unexpected panic
B)Agoraphobia is sometimes a comorbid condition
C)It can be a serious problem for children
D)There is a genetic predisposition for the disorder

Question 57

Beck's development of cognitive therapy focused on treatment of depression. His theory included the idea of a negative triad, made of negative schemas and cognitive biases, which fuel each other. Which of the following is NOT one of the cognitive biases included in this theory?

A)Arbitrary inference
B)Magnification
C)Minimization
D)Irrationalism

Question 58

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and acute stress disorder follow the experience of a severe and traumatic life event to which an individual reacted with extreme fear, horror, or helplessness. Acute stress disorder is similar to PTSD, but has a more specific timeline. Which of the following describes that timeline?

A)Onset of symptoms within one month, symptoms last one month
B)Onset of symptoms within one month, symptoms last two months
C)Onset of symptoms within two months, symptoms last one month
D)Onset of symptoms within two months, symptoms last two months

Question 59

There are a variety of treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Short-term therapy is favored. In cases of quick onset of symptoms, there is a good prognosis. Which of the following treatments is thought to be most effective for these specific symptoms: flashbacks and sleep disturbances?

A)Crisis intervention
B)Hypnosis and relaxation
C)Antidepressants
D)Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Question 60

Raynaud's phenomenon, in which there is discoloration of fingers or toes, is treated in various ways. Which of the following cognitive behavioral technique is one alternative treatment for Raynaud's?

A)Biofeedback
B)Hypnotherapy
C)Stress inoculation training
D)Prolonged exposure therapy

Question 61

Hypnotherapy, which involves placing a patient under hypnosis for treatment, is used to modify emotions and behavior, as well as to deal with illness and pain management. Which of the following conditions is not suitable for hypnotherapy?

A)Paranoia
B)Chronic pain
C)Substance use
D)Depression

Question 62

Biofeedback is a method that makes patients aware of physiological changes in their bodies using medical equipment. Operant conditioning is at work in biofeedback; a patient is given sensory feedback about involuntary functions and taught to regulate one or more biological states. Which method of biofeedback is often used to treat tension headaches, back pain, or joint pain (specifically TMJ)?

A)Thermal biofeedback
B)Electromyography
C)Galvanic skin response
D)Electroencephalography

Question 63

Biofeedback is a method that makes patients aware of physiological changes in their bodies using medical equipment. Operant conditioning is at work in biofeedback; a patient is given sensory feedback about involuntary functions and taught to regulate one or more biological states. Which method of biofeedback is often used to treat migraine headaches and Reynaud's disease (discoloration in fingers or toes)?

A)Galvanic skin response
B)Electroencephalography
C)Thermal biofeedback
D)Electromyography

Question 64

There are a number of medical and behavioral treatments for enuresis, including bedwetting alarms, Desmopressin pills, and imipramine. Which of the following statements is most true regarding the differences between these treatments?

A)Bedwetting alarms work faster than desmopressin and imipramine.
B)Imipramine is more effective in the long run than moisture alarms or desmopressin.
C)Moisture alarms are the most effective form of treatment in the long run.
D)50% of patients relapse after discontinuing desmopressin.

Question 65

Mood disorders are thought to be caused by a combination of genetic, physiological, and environmental factors. A number of medical and therapeutic treatments have been developed to treat mood disorders. Which of the following statements treatments is not true?

A)Beck's cognitive therapy focuses on changing maladaptive thinking and behaviors.
B)Behavioral therapy is based on classical and operant conditioning techniques.
C)Electroconvulsive therapy is considered potentially useful in treatment of personality disorders.
D)Imipramine is most useful for treating major depression.

Question 66

A manager at a large company spends a lot of time micromanaging and overseeing his team. According to McGregor, which theory of human relations is he operating on?

A)Theory X
B)Theory Z
C)Control theory
D)Theory Y

Question 67

Consultation, one facet of community psychology, was first established by Gerald Caplan. He outlined four categories of consultation. Which of the following is not one of those categories?

A)Client-centered case consultation
B)Client-centered administrative consultation
C)Consultee-centered case consultation
D)Program-centered administrative consultation

Question 68

Consultation, one facet of community psychology, was first established by Gerald Caplan. He outlined four categories of consultation. What is the difference between client-centered and consultee-centered case consultation?

A)Client-centered focuses on one client, while consultee-centered focuses on one therapist.
B)Client-centered focuses on one client, while consultee-centered focuses on helping with a group of clients.
C)Client-centered focuses on a helping group of clients, while consultee-centered focuses on helping with the consultee's own problems.
D)Client-centered focuses on one or more clients, while consultee-centered focuses on program/structural changes.

Question 69

Consultations are one aspect of community interventions designed to share knowledge and skill within professional networks. Which of the following situations is an example of a consultee-centered case consultation?

A)Helping a staff psychologist manage aggressive patients in a psychiatric ward
B)Helping staff resolve issues around timeliness and personal responsibility
C)Helping a ward nurse manage a delirious and overly verbal patient
D)Helping the chief of psychiatry redesign a program for patients with complex mood disorders

Question 70

Community psychology was partially established by the 1963 Community Mental Health Centers Act, which established mental health centers to provide five services. Which of the following services is not included in that list?

A)Inpatient care
B)Consultation
C)Day care
D)Licensing

Question 71

Community psychology uses organized community programs to support the prevention and treatment of mental disorders. Prevention is divided into three levels, primary, secondary, and tertiary. Which of the following is an example of primary prevention?

A)Twelve-step programs
B)Drug and alcohol education
C)Emergency hotlines
D)Screening children for disabilities

Question 72

Community psychology uses organized community programs to support the prevention and treatment of mental disorders. Prevention is divided into three levels, primary, secondary, and tertiary. Which of the following is an example of tertiary prevention?

A)Vaccinations
B)Twelve-step programs
C)Competence training
D)Treatment for trauma victims

Question 73

Community psychology uses organized community programs to support the prevention and treatment of mental disorders. Prevention is divided into three levels, primary, secondary, and tertiary. Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention?

A)Treatment for trauma victims
B)Vocational rehabilitation
C)Drug and alcohol education
D)Vaccinations

Question 74

When normal coping becomes insufficient to deal with a problem, it is recognized as a crisis and crisis intervention becomes necessary. Which of the following ideas is not part of the basis of crisis intervention?

A)A main goal is to reduce or eliminate symptoms of the crisis in a short period.
B)People are resilient, strong, and capable of change.
C)Confronting past experiences is as essential as confronting the present crisis.
D)Small interventions can lead to systemic change in a person's life.

Question 75

There are many variables that can serve as significant predictors of therapeutic outcome, for example __________ . Choose all that apply.

A)Age
B)Education level
C)Relationship status
D)All of the above

Question 76

Which of the following socioeconomic factor could affect the outcome of therapeutic counseling? Choose all that apply.

A)Lack of transportation
B)Lack of intrinsic motivation
C)Lack of positive cultural norms for entering therapy
D)None of the above

Question 77

When considering treatment goals for brief solution-based therapy, what considerations need to be kept in mind?

A)Goals should be written down
B)Goals need to be meaningful and important to clients
C)Goals need to be small and within easy reach
D)All of the above

Question 78

You are a cognitive therapist with a new client. You need to provide this client with a treatment plan. What is a crucial element of treatment planning?

A)Client identification of needs
B)Therapist identifying needs
C)Therapist knowledge
D)Client-therapist collaboration

Question 79

Lancaster is meeting with a new patient who is complaining of symptoms consistent with depression. Dr. Lancaster has learned that the patient recently lost her job, which is causing financial issues. The patient has also revealed that she has been drinking large amounts of alcohol to try to cope with these stressors. In thinking about factors that affect mental health, what else might Dr. Lancaster want to know?

A)How much the patient can afford to pay Dr. Lancaster
B)The patient's family history of mental illness and substance abuse
C)How long the patient had her last job
D)When the patient ate her last meal

Question 80

When providing group counseling, a therapist should be well versed about member selection, and comfortable with strategies of group counseling. Yet, counselors are capable of making mistakes in a group setting, just as in individual therapy. What is a common mistake some counselors make in group therapy? Choose all that apply.

A)Lacking a purpose
B)Losing track of time and not sufficiently closing out the group session
C)Cutting group members off
D)Not being willing to cut group members off