Question 1

Software development methods provide software developers and vendors guidelines for program creation. What software development method is used in instances where clearly-defined project objectives have not been presented?

A)Iterative Development
B)Structured Programming Development
C)Modified Prototype model
D)Exploratory Model

Exploratory Model

Accepted Answer

The exploratory model is the software development method that is used in instances where clearly-defined project objectives have not been presented. Instead of focusing on explicit tasks, the exploratory model relies on covering a set of specifications that are likely to encase the final product's working. Testing is an important part of exploratory development as it ascertains that the current phase of the project is compliant with likely implementation scenarios.

Question 2

What would programmers, developers, project managers, and analysts use to make application development faster and with fewer errors?&#10;A)Toolbox Engineering&#10;B)Prototyping Development&#10;C)Computer-aided Software Engineering&#10;D)Extreme Programming

Accepted Answer

Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) is what programmers, developers, project managers, and analysts use to make application development faster and with fewer errors. This is because many of the manual tasks are taken care of through automation with the use of CASE tools. Different tools provide managerial, administrative, and technical help in software projects. The first CASE tools were translators, compilers, assemblers, linker, and loaders. However, as programming and projects became more complex, the need for more complex tools grew.

Question 3

What type of programming is a common way of developing expert systems and is based on if-then logic units?&#10;A)Pattern Matching&#10;B)Inference Engine Programming&#10;C)Rule-based Programming&#10;D)Artificial Neural Networks

Accepted Answer

Rule-based programming is a common way of developing expert systems and is based on if-then logic units and specifies a set of actions to be performed for a given situation. This is one way expert systems are used to find patterns, which is called pattern matching. A mechanism called inference engine automatically matches facts against patterns and determines which rules are applicable. The actions of the corresponding rules are executed when the inference engine is instructed to begin execution.

Question 4

Carol thinks her computer is out of synch and the code that is being interpreted is incorrect. Where does the problem originate?&#10;A)Central Access Unit&#10;B)Control Unit&#10;C)Central Processing Unit&#10;D)System Processing Unit

Accepted Answer

When a computer is out of synch and the code is being interpreted incorrectly, the origin is in the control unit. The control unit manages and synchronizes the system while different applications' codes and operating system instructions are being executed. The control unit is the component that fetches the code, interprets the code, and oversees the execution of the different instruction sets. It determines what application instructions get processed and in what priority and time slice. It also controls when instructions are executed and this execution enables application to process data without actually processing data.

Question 5

The control processing unit (CPU) has several different types of registers, containing information about the instruction set and data that must be executed. Which item is not one of the registers?&#10;A)General Register&#10;B)Special Register&#10;C)Program Register&#10;D)Program Counter Register

Accepted Answer

The control processing unit (CPU) has several different types of registers, each containing information about the instruction set and data that must be executed to include general register, special register, and program counter register. The general registers are used to hold variables and temporary results as the ALU works through its execution steps. The special registers are dedicated registers that hold information such as the program counter, stack pointer, and program status word. The program counter register contains the memory address of the next instruction to be fetched. After that instruction is executed, the program counter is updated with the memory address of the next instruction set to be processed.

Question 6

Sometimes critical processes must have their functionality interrupted by another process. What item(s) is/are an interrupt type?&#10;A)Maskable Interrupt&#10;B)Non-maskable Interrupt&#10;C)Both A and B&#10;D)Neither A nor B

Accepted Answer

When critical processes must have their functionality interrupted by another process, the interruption is done by maskable and non-maskable interrupters. A maskable interrupt is assigned to an event that may not be overly important and the programmer can indicate that if that interrupt calls, the program does not stop what it is doing. This means the interrupt is ignored. Non-maskable interrupts can never be overridden by an application because the event that has this type of interrupt assigned to it is critical.

Question 7

There are an abundant amount of concepts that indicate how a computer operating system works. Which item is not one of those concepts?&#10;A)Multiprogramming&#10;B)Multitasking&#10;C)Multithreading&#10;D)Multicenter Sets

Accepted Answer

There are an abundant amount of concepts that indicate how a computer operating system works. Multiprogramming, multitasking, multithreading, and multiprocessing are four of them. Multiprogramming is when an operating system can load more than one program in memory at one time. Multitasking is when an operating system can handle requests from several different processes loaded into memory at the same time. Multithreading is an application that has the ability to run multiple threads simultaneously. Multiprocessing is when a computer has more than one control processing unit.

Question 8

Mary keeps inputting data at a furious pace to cause an attack. What is at risk of happening?&#10;A)Buffering Attacks&#10;B)Attack Overflow&#10;C)Buffer Overflow&#10;D)Attack Buffering

Accepted Answer

A buffer overflow takes place when too much data is accepted as input to an application or operating system. A buffer is an allocated segment of memory. A buffer can be overflowed arbitrarily with too much data, but for it to be of any use to an attacker, the code inserted into the buffer must be of a specific length, flowed up by commands the attacker wants executed. The purpose of a buffer overflow may be either to make a mess by shoving arbitrary data into various memory segments or to accomplish a specific task by pushing into the memory segment a carefully-crafted set of data that will accomplish a specific task.

Question 9

What type of programming allows for easy maintenance by means of a random sequence of keystrokes that provide access into software?&#10;A)Time-of-Check&#10;B)Maintenance Locks&#10;C)Maintenance Hooks&#10;D)Countermeasures

Accepted Answer

Maintenance hooks allow for easy maintenance by means of a random sequence of keystrokes that provide access into software. Maintenance hooks are a type of backdoor. They are instructions within software that only the developer knows and can invoke to give easy access to the code. They allow the developer to view and edit the code without having to go through regular access controls. During the development phase of software this is useful, but if they are not removed before the software production, they are a security issue.

Question 10

What technology allows processes to use the same resources?&#10;A)Time-of-Check&#10;B)Maintenance Locks&#10;C)Maintenance Hooks&#10;D)Multiplexing

Accepted Answer

Multiplexing is technology that allows processes to use the same resources. Multiplexing means there are several data sources and the individual data pieces are piped into one communication channel. An operating system must provide proper time multiplexing to ensure that a stable working environment exists for software and users.

Question 11

What is an integrated circuit made up of millions of transistors and capacitors?&#10;A)Hardware Segments&#10;B)Static RAM&#10;C)Random Access Memory&#10;D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is an integrated circuit made up...

Question 12

Shelly needs to access information easier and faster than data that is stored in real memory. What type of memory should she access?&#10;A)Cache Memory&#10;B)Desktop Memory&#10;C)Read-only Memory&#10;D)Programmed Memory

Accepted Answer

The answer of Shelly needs to access information easier and...

Question 13

What type of operating system is referred to as &#34;The Big Mess&#34;?&#10;A)Data Hiding Operating System&#10;B)Layered Operating System&#10;C)Monolithic Operating System&#10;D)Domain Operating System

Accepted Answer

The answer of What type of operating system is referred...

Question 14

What type of operating system provides data hiding and separates system functionality into hierarchical layers?&#10;A)Data Hiding Operating System&#10;B)Layered Operating System&#10;C)Monolithic Operating System&#10;D)Domain Operating System

Accepted Answer

The answer of What type of operating system provides data...

Question 15

What term is defined as a set of objects that a subject is able to access?&#10;A)Hardware Segments&#10;B)Static RAM&#10;C)Random Access Memory&#10;D)Domain

Accepted Answer

The answer of What term is defined as a set...

Question 16

If more than one task can be carried out by a module, what does this reflect?&#10;A)Cohesion&#10;B)Coupling&#10;C)Attributions&#10;D)External Processing

Accepted Answer

The answer of If more than one task can be...

Question 17

What indicates how much interaction one module requires in carrying out its tasks?&#10;A)Cohesion&#10;B)Coupling&#10;C)Attributions&#10;D)External Processing

Accepted Answer

The answer of What indicates how much interaction one module...

Question 18

What uses artificial intelligence to create non-numerical algorithms to solve complex problems and is also called knowledge-based systems?&#10;A)Toolbox Engineering&#10;B)Expert Systems&#10;C)Secure Design Methodology&#10;D)Extreme Programming

Accepted Answer

The answer of What uses artificial intelligence to create non-numerical...

Question 19

What works as a mathematical model based on the neural structure of the brain?&#10;A)Neural Engineering&#10;B)Expert Systems&#10;C)Artificial Neural Network&#10;D)Extreme Neural Network Programming

Accepted Answer

The answer of What works as a mathematical model based...

Question 20

Software requirements come from three models. Which item is not one of these models?&#10;A)Informational&#10;B)Functional&#10;C)Testing&#10;D)Behavioral

Accepted Answer

The answer of Software requirements come from three models. Which...

Question 21

What is created once a threat model has been created and provides a structured process for analyzing program entry points?&#10;A)Toolbox Engineering&#10;B)Attack Surface Analytics&#10;C)Secure Design Methodology&#10;D)Extreme Programming

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is created once a threat model...

Question 22

What has the capability to suppress unnecessary details so important, inherent properties can be examined?&#10;A)Method&#10;B)Abstraction&#10;C)Attributions&#10;D)External Processing

Accepted Answer

The answer of What has the capability to suppress unnecessary...

Deck 8: Software