Deck 34: Urinary Elimination

Question 1

Which type of incontinence is caused by pelvic floor muscle weakness?

A) Urge
B) Overflow
C) Functional
D) Stress

Answer 1

Stress

Question 2

Which type of incontinence is caused by an overactive detrusor muscle causing involuntary bladder contractions?

A) Urge
B) Stress
C) Overflow
D) Functional

Answer 2

Urge

Question 3

A client is suspected of having a disease process affecting the functional unit of the kidney. Which structure is most likely involved?

A) Glomerulus
B) Bowman capsule
C) Loop of Henle
D) Nephron

Answer 3

Nephron

Question 4

A client has been NPO after midnight for surgery. It is 11 am and the nurse has asked him or her to void before being transferred to the surgical suite. The nurse should expect his or her urine to be what color?

A) Pale yellow
B) Colorless
C) Dark amber
D) Tea colored

Question 5

When a client is diagnosed with a urinary tract infection, the nurse anticipates that the client's urine will be:

A) transparent with an aromatic odor.
B) light yellow with a faint ammonia odor.
C) cloudy with an offensive odor.
D) greenish with a strong ammonia odor.

Question 6

Which range for urine output in 24 hours is considered normal for an adult?

A) 1,000 to 1,200 mL
B) 1,200 to 1,500 mL
C) 1,600 to 1,900 mL
D) 2,000 to 2,400 mL

Question 7

An infant is born with spina bifida. The infant may have:

A) alterations in urinary elimination.
B) increased urine production.
C) renal failure.
D) excessive loss of sodium in the urine.

Question 8

Which statement should the nurse convey to the mother of a 3-year-old son who has not achieved urinary continence?

A) Incontinence after the age of 3 years is not normal.
B) Boys may take longer for daytime continence than girls.
C) Boys may walk by 1 year and should be continent by 3 years.
D) Daytime continence is usually not achieved by boys until age 5.

Question 9

Which statement should be included in the nurse's education plan for older adults regarding urinary elimination?

A) Most older adults experience an increased blood flow to the kidneys.
B) Kidney function progressively increases as the body ages.
C) The kidneys become more effective in filtration with age.
D) Nocturia and urinary retention are more common in older adults.

Question 10

Which symptom will have a great impact on the extracellular fluid for water conservation?

A) Burns
B) Fracture
C) Small laceration
D) Pain

Question 11

A woman is reporting bladder urgency. It is most important to assess:

A) exercise.
B) weight.
C) caffeine intake.
D) vitamin supplements.

Question 12

A woman informs the nurse that when she is experiencing stress, it is difficult to void, and wonders why this happens. What is the nurse's best explanation?

A) Stress causes the muscles to become tense.
B) You require greater privacy to void.
C) You might have a neurologic condition.
D) What medications are you taking?

Question 13

Which term describes obstruction within the urinary system leading to distention of the renal pelvis?

A) Pyuria
B) Hematuria
C) Hydronephrosis
D) Ureteritis

Question 14

The nurse should instruct the female client who has experienced two urinary tract infections within the past year to:

A) void following sexual intercourse.
B) use shower gels and bubble bath.
C) avoid drinking cranberry juice.
D) apply powder to the perineum.

Question 15

A client has a cerebrovascular accident and is incontinent of bowel and bladder. Incontinence of urine in this client is related to a:

A) cystocele.
B) enuresis.
C) overactive bladder.
D) neurogenic bladder.

Question 16

The nurse is caring for a client who has been experiencing difficulty voiding since her vaginal birth. The client voices concern to the nurse. What information should be provided to the client?

A) The delivery can cause perineal swelling.
B) A neurogenic bladder results from local anesthesia.
C) A urinary tract infection results from the birth process.
D) Catheterization is necessary for 1 week.

Question 17

An older adult client has present to the emergency room stating she has not voided for 24 hours. Which statement likely accounts for her inability to void?

A) I take a couple of different medications to manage my hypertension.
B) I drink eight glasses of water per day.
C) Yesterday I was congested so I took several doses of Benadryl.
D) I take stool softener each day so I have regular bowel movements.

Question 18

The nurse is reviewing the urinalysis of a client suspected of having a urinary tract infection. The potential diagnosis will be supported by the presence of:

A) protein.
B) calculi.
C) pus.
D) casts.

Question 19

A nurse is the guest speaker at a women's club. Most of the women are over the age of 40 years. The women have asked the nurse to speak on health promotion topics. In the area of urinary urgency, the nurse will instruct the women to:

A) limit fluid intake.
B) increase caffeine daily.
C) take an antispasmodic.
D) perform Kegel exercises.

Question 20

A female infant has voided for the first time. The nurse notes that the urine is light pink tinged. What action by the nurse is indicated?

A) Document the finding as normal, recognizing that they have been caused by the withdrawal of maternal hormones.
B) Document the findings as normal, recognizing that they have been caused by an accumulation of uric acid crystals.
C) Document the abnormal finding and report it to the charge nurse.
D) Document the finding and report it to the attending physician.

Question 21

During the well-child checkup for 2-year-old twins (one boy, one girl), their mother asks the nurse about preparing to toilet train her children. What information can be provided to the parent? Select all that apply.

A) It is typically more difficult to toilet train a female child.
B) Nighttime continence will occur in some children after age 4 or 5 years.
C) Daytime continence is normal in a 3-year-old child.
D) Children who are able to remain dry for a few hours at a time may be signaling readiness for toilet training.
E) Children old enough to undress themselves will have increased abilities to toilet train.

Question 22

The nurse is caring for an older adult client suspected of having a urinary tract infection. The nurse should assess for what finding specifically associated with the development of this condition in the older adult?

A) High fever
B) Dysuria
C) Acute confusion
D) Nausea

Question 23

The nurse is preparing to provide education to a client concerning prescribed medications to manage incontinence. The prescribed medication is oxybutynin. What information can be provided?

A) The medication will reduce the amount of urine being produced by the body, thereby lessening incontinence.
B) The medication will help to stimulate contraction of muscles involved in voiding, thereby lessening incontinence.
C) The medication will be used to reduce overactivity of muscles involved in voiding, thereby lessening incontinence.
D) The medication will increase the amount of fluids retained by the body, thereby lessening the incidence of incontinence.

Question 24

A client who is a paraplegic as a result of an auto accident has incontinence. The nurse correctly recognizes which type of incontinence is most likely?

A) Stress
B) Urge
C) Reflex
D) Functional

Question 25

A client's BUN test results are significantly elevated. When reviewing the client's history, which finding is consistent with BUN elevation other than renal compromise?

A) The client is on a low-protein diet.
B) The client is dehydrated.
C) The client has a history of osteoarthritis.
D) The client is lactose intolerant.

Question 26

Information needed to calculate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) includes which data? Select all that apply.

A) The client's normal daily fluid intake range
B) The client's age
C) The client's gender
D) The client's serum creatinine levels
E) The client's normal daily protein intake range