Deck 3: Requirements Determination

Question 1

The most comprehensive and complete deliverable of the analysis phase is _____.

A) project work plan
B) system proposal
C) behavioral models for the to-be system
D) functional models for the to-be system
E) structural models for the to-be system

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The information gathering technique that is most effective in combining information from a variety of perspectives, building consensus, and resolving discrepancies is a(n) _____.

A) document analysis
B) interview
C) joint application development
D) observation
E) questionnaire

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Understanding the as-is system, identifying improvements, and developing requirements for the to-be system are the steps of the _____ phase.

A) analysis
B) design
C) implementation
D) planning
E) SDLC

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following analysis strategies incurs the highest risk yet has the potential to provide high value to the business?

A) Business Process Automation
B) Business Process Improvement
C) Business Process Reengineering
D) Business Process Renovation
E) Root cause analysis

Question 5

A JAD facilitator is _____.

A) the person who sets the meeting agenda and guides the discussion
B) the person who records the discussion
C) participates in the discussion
D) is also a power user
E) none of the above

Question 6

The most commonly used information-gathering technique is _____.

A) interviewing
B) joint application design (JAD) sessions
C) document analysis
D) observation
E) questionnaires

Question 7

_________ are two popular BPR activities.

A) activity based costing and activity elimination
B) duration analysis and formal benchmarking
C) outcome analysis and problem analysis
D) problem analysis and root cause analysis
E) activity elimination and outcome analysis

Question 8

Which of the following analysis strategies is best?

A) BPA
B) BPI
C) BPR
D) BPU
E) it depends on the situation

Question 9

What information-gathering strategy enables the analyst to see the reality of the situation rather than listen to others describe it?

A) document analysis
B) interviewing
C) joint application design (JAD) sessions
D) observation
E) questionnaires

Question 10

The analysis strategy that results in the existing business processes being left essentially the same, but with a new system that makes them more efficient is _____.

A) BPA
B) BPI
C) BPR
D) BPU
E) Top-down approach

Question 11

Sarah would like to give the interviewee more control over the interview and to gather rich information. She should ask _____ questions.

A) closed-ended
B) inappropriate
C) open-ended
D) opinion
E) probing

Question 12

During an interview, the following question is asked; "How many times during a typical week does a customer complain about inadequate service following a sale?" This question is an example of a (n) _____ question.

A) Opinion-generating
B) Eye-opening
C) open-ended
D) closed-ended
E) probing

Question 13

Two BPI techniques used to identify possible improvements in the current system are _____.

A) activity based costing and activity elimination
B) duration analysis and activity based costing
C) outcome analysis and duration analysis
D) problem analysis and root cause analysis
E) activity elimination and technology analysis

Question 14

The goal of this analysis strategy is to change the fundamental way the organization operates and to make major changes by taking advantage of new ideas, methods and technology.

A) business process automation
B) business process benchmarking
C) business process improvement
D) business process reengineering
E) business process systemization

Question 15

The goal of ______ analysis strategy is to make minor or moderate changes to the business processes so that they will become more efficient and effective.

A) business process automation
B) business process benchmarking
C) business process improvement
D) business process reengineering
E) business process systemization

Question 16

Two BPA techniques commonly used to identify possible problems in the current system are _____.

A) activity based costing and benchmarking
B) duration analysis and formal benchmarking
C) outcome analysis and duration analysis
D) problem analysis and root cause analysis
E) process simplification and proxy benchmarking

Question 17

The information gathering technique that enables the analyst to collect facts and opinions from a wide range of geographically dispersed people quickly and with the least expense is the _____.

A) document analysis
B) interview
C) JAD session
D) observation
E) questionnaire

Question 18

The examination of existing paperwork in order to better understand the As-Is system is an example of what information-gathering strategy?

A) document analysis
B) interviewing
C) joint application design (JAD) sessions
D) observation
E) questionnaires

Question 19

A JAD session can reduce scope creep by _____.

A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 40%
D) 50%
E) 75%

Question 20

_______ is an example of functional requirements.

A) The system should work with any web browser
B) The system should load any web page within 3 seconds
C) Customers should be able to see their orders after authentication
D) The system should comply with the company's policy of buying all PCs and servers from Dell
E) The system should be able to search all available inventory in order to determine whether a product can be made by a given date

Question 21

A concept map is essentially a node-and-arc representation, where the nodes represent the individual requirements and the arcs represent the _______________ among the requirements..
F) relationships
G) data flow h. constraints
I) conditions
J) communications

Question 22

The analysis phase of the SDLC ends when a system proposal for the new system is presented to the approval committee.

Question 23

The users of the product-sales system would like to dramatically increase the use and value of the new order-entry system by designing a front end for the Internet and letting customer purchase goods without the aid of a customer service rep. The projected costs would be high and the risk would be great. This is an example of BPR.

Question 24

BPI requires the least cost because it has the narrowest focus and seeks to make the least changes.

Question 25

The systems analyst has recommended that the existing order entry system be totally re-engineered. The risk to this BPR activity is low to moderate.

Question 26

The ________ brings together into a single comprehensive document the material created during planning and analysis

A) project charter
B) system proposal
C) system request
D) requirements document
E) vision document

Question 27

It is easier to ask an interviewee what is used to perform a task than it is to show the interviewee a form and ask what information on the form is used.

Question 28

The functional model component of the system proposal includes _______.

A) a activity diagram
B) a set of use case descriptions
C) a use case diagram
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 29

The two general analysis techniques performed by the analyst for BPA during the analysis phase are problem analysis and revise and resubmit modeling.

Question 30

Open-ended questions gather rich information because they are questions that permit the interviewee to elaborate on answer.

Question 31

Both story cards and task lists are considered to be "_____________" approaches to documenting and gathering requirements.

A) heavy weight
B) lite weight
C) formal
D) dummy
E) casual

Question 32

To identify improvements in BPR, the analyst should perform outcome analysis, activity analysis, and technology elimination.

Question 33

The interview schedule lists all the people who will be interviewed, when, and for what purpose.

Question 34

"How can you reduce the number of errors in the name and address field on the data entry screen?" is an example of a high level question.

Question 35

Concept maps allow the relationships among the _______________________to be explicitly represented.

A) entity relations
B) functional requirements
C) functional and nonfunctional requirements
D) nonfunctional requirements
E) system proposals 29.

Question 36

Benchmarking refers to studying how other organizations perform a business process so you can learn how your organization can do it better.

Question 37

The executive summary in system proposal is typically no more than __________ page(s) long..

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) five

Question 38

Business process automation (BPA) usually provides only minor to moderate improvements to the business but is the most costly and most risky of the three strategies.

Question 39

To identify improvements in a BPI, the analyst should perform duration analysis, activity-based costing, and informal benchmarking.

Question 40

The three fundamentally different strategies for the analysis phase (business process automation, business process improvement, and business process reengineering) are stand-alone strategies and should not be combined in the analysis process.

Question 41

Jessica has asked the users to generate a list of problems with the current system and to prioritize the problems in order of importance. Jessica then generated all the possible causes for the problems, starting with the most important. Jessica is identifying improvement opportunities through root cause analysis.

Question 42

JAD is the appropriate technique for gathering information about the As-Is and To-Be systems: it that identifies improvements, and has a high amount of user involvement.

Question 43

To better understand the As-Is system the project team members can perform document analysis on existing forms, reports, and business process models.

Question 44

The top-down approach is an appropriate strategy for most interviews because it enables the interviewee to become accustomed to the topic before he or she needs to provide specifics and it enables the interviewer to understand the issues before moving to the details.

Question 45

Following an interview the analyst should always prepare an interview report that describes the information gathered from the interview.

Question 46

Questionnaires are often used when there is only a small number of people from which information and opinions are needed, because it is difficult to get a large number of participants to return questionnaires on a timely basis.

Question 47

Document analysis and observation are commonly used for understanding the As-Is system because they are useful for obtaining facts.

Question 48

Because it is important not to disrupt the normal business function, joint application design (JAD) sessions should be held at a location easily accessible to the participants' office staffs, and attendees should be those most easily released from regular duties and least likely to be missed.

Question 49

Questions on questionnaires should be open-ended to allow the respondent the freedom to express his / her opinion since the analyst will not be able to follow up with additional questions as could be done in a one-on-one interview.

Question 50

Observation is a powerful tool for gathering information about the As-Is system and may be necessary because managers often do not remember how they work and how they allocate their time.

Question 51

An analysis team consisting of users, managers, and analysts, are in the midst of a daylong meeting. They are working on systematically evaluating the consequences of removing every activity from the current business process. The team is performing activity-based costing.

Question 52

An analyst for an insurance company determined that the overall time required to process a property damage insurance claim is 21 business days. When the analyst decomposes the process into steps and aggregates the total time requirements for all steps, she discovers a total time of 12 hours. The analyst is employing the activity-based costing analysis technique.

Question 53

The standard approach to select who should complete a questionnaire during information gathering is to sample only those departments that do not have direct contact with the As-Is system.

Question 54

Root cause analysis attempts to find solutions for the business problems.

Question 55

Joint application design (JAD) sessions are specifically designed to improve integration of information, because all information is combined when it is collected, not afterward.

Question 56

When you begin an interview, the first goal is to establish control and let the interviewee know that you have a mastery of the subject.

Question 57

BPI typically has the greatest breadth of analysis, since it focuses on the entire business function and beyond.

Question 58

A systems analyst is participating in an exchange of services with another organization. First, the analyst visits the partner organization, studies and evaluates their systems, and recommends changes and improvements. Then, a team of analysts from the partner organization visits the analyst's organization and performs the same service. This process is an example of benchmarking.

Question 59

Tracy has decided to ask the users and managers to identify problems with the current system and to recommend how to solve these problems in the future system. They have recommended small incremental changes. Tracy is identifying improvement opportunities through problem analysis.

Question 60

Amanda had the managers at her company develop a list of important and interesting technologies and how each technology could be applied to current business process. Amanda is identifying improvement opportunities through technology analysis.

Question 61

Both story cards and task lists requirements documentation techniques are considered to be detail approaches to documenting and gathering requirements.

Question 62

What are the three fundamental analysis strategies? Compare and contrast the outcomes of each strategy.

Question 63

In Business Process Improvement, the team's goal is to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the business processes. What is learned by employing the internally focused analysis techniques of Duration Analysis and Activity-Based Costing? What is learned through the externally focused informal benchmarking technique?

Question 64

Activity-based costing is similar to duration analysis. While duration analysis attempts to find the time taken to complete business processes, activity-based costing finds the costs associated with each of the basic functional steps or processes.

Question 65

What are the methods used to identify improvement opportunities during business process improvement? How do the methods used for each analysis strategy affect the outcome of the "identify improvement" process?

Question 66

Activity elimination technique of BPR focuses on understanding the fundamental outcomes that provide value to customers.

Question 67

A fundamental disadvantage of the JAD sessions is that they are subject to be dominated by a few. e-JAD attempts to eliminate this disadvantage.

Question 68

A system proposal brings together into a SINGLE comprehensive document the material created during planning and analysis..

Question 69

The executive summary is an important component of the system proposal because it is used for convincing the busy executives of the merits of the project as birefly as possible.

Question 70

In Business Process Reengineering, the goal of the project is to accomplish radical redesign of the business process. Why is that not all system development projects strive to achieve the benefits of BPR?

Question 71

An interview style that seeks a broad and roughly defined set of information is commonly called the unstructured interview style.

Question 72

The executive summary in system proposal provides all critical information in a very detail form.

Question 73

Concept maps are easier to represent the nonfunctional requirements relationships than typical textual approaches.

Question 74

One of advantage of concept maps over typical textual approach is that concepts maps allow the relationships among the functional and nonfunctional requirements to be explicitly represented.

Question 75

What are the methods used to identify improvement opportunities during business process automation? How do the methods used for each analysis strategy affect the outcome of the "identify improvement" process?

Question 76

Joint Application Design (JAD) is always the better requirements-gathering technique than others. In practice, every project should only JAD.

Question 77

A requirement is a statement of what the system must do and how it will be implemented.

Question 78

A systems analyst has prepared an interview agenda that begins with a number of specific, detailed questions, and then asks the interviewee to make general statements about the policies and procedure of the business process. The analyst is following a top-down interview structure.

Question 79

What are the methods used to identify improvement opportunities during business process reengineering? How do the methods used for each analysis strategy affect the outcome of the "identify improvement" process?

Question 80

Kristin, a systems analyst, needs to know detailed information about the accounts receivable process, but she is not concerned with accounts payable or general ledger, or the integration of this information. Her analysis will assist her in designing a To-Be system for the accounts receivable department. The appropriate requirements-gathering technique to be used would be interviewing.