Deck 9: Data Management Layer Design

Question 1

In order to reduce the number of joins that must be performed in a query and to increase the speed of data access, the data analyst will _____ the physical model.

A) cluster
B) denormalize
C) index
D) normalize
E) optimize

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The type of database that is most capable of supporting complex data types is _____.

A) sequential files
B) relational DBMS
C) object-oriented DBMS
D) object-relational DBMS
E) random access files

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A relational database may be optimized for _____.

A) data type and storage efficiency
B) relational type
C) speed of access
D) storage efficiency
E) storage efficiency and speed of access

Answer 3

E

Question 4

The process of ensuring that values linking tables together through the primary and foreign keys are valid and correctly synchronized is _____.

A) hierarchical integrity
B) primary integrity
C) table integrity
D) referential unity
E) referential integrity

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of current object-relational databases?

A) storage of objects in the relational table structure
B) good support for typical data management operations
C) SQL support
D) support for inheritance
E) all of the above are characteristics of object-relational databases

Question 6

If the data model does not have any repeating fields it is in _____.

A) base normal form
B) first normal form
C) non-normal form
D) second normal form
E) third normal form

Question 7

A mini-table that contains values from one or more columns in a table and the location of the values within the table is called a(n) _____.

A) index
B) interfile cluster
C) intrafile cluster
D) raw data calculation
E) volumetric

Question 8

A(n) _____ occurs when data are stored redundantly in a database and only some of the instances are updated when a change is needed.

A) error
B) update anomaly
C) data integrity concern
D) storage efficiency
E) none of the above

Question 9

In an object-oriented database, an extent is the equivalent to a(n) _____ in a relational database.

A) attribute
B) row
C) table
D) relationship
E) unique identifier

Question 10

If the logical data model contains fields that depend on another non-primary key field, then it is in violation of the rules of _____.

A) base normal form
B) first normal form
C) non-normal form
D) second normal form
E) third normal form

Question 11

To improve the access speed of a database, similar records in a table are stored together in primary key order. This optimizing access speed process is called _____.

A) denormalization
B) indexing
C) interfile clustering
D) intrafile clustering
E) volumetrics

Question 12

A(n) _____ is less expensive and easier for novice users to use, but it does not have the features that are necessary to support mission-critical or large scale systems.

A) database
B) database management system
C) end-user database administrative system
D) end-user database management system
E) enterprise database management system

Question 13

A data model that does not contain repeating fields and that the data models leads to tables containing fields that are dependent on a whole primary key is in _____ normal form.

A) balanced
B) first
C) primary
D) second
E) third

Question 14

A simple rule to follow when creating problem domain classes and data access and manipulation classes is that there should be ______________.

A) One data access and manipulation class for each concrete problem domain class
B) Two data access and manipulation classes for each concrete problem domain class
C) N data access and manipulation classes for each concrete problem domain class, where N is the number of methods in the problem domain class
D) N data access and manipulation classes for each concrete problem domain class, where N is the number of subclasses of the problem domain class
E) None of the above

Question 15

A(n) _____ is basically an electronic list of information that is stored on a disk.

A) sequential access file
B) unordered sequential access file
C) ordered sequential access file
D) random access file
E) transaction file

Question 16

_____ is the process of estimating the amount of data that the hardware will need to support, so that the server hardware specifications are sufficient for the project's needs.

A) Indexing
B) Interfile clustering
C) Intrafile clustering
D) Raw data calculating
E) Volumetrics

Question 17

A(n) _____ can support large volumes of data and support applications that run an entire company.

A) database
B) database management system
C) end-user database administrative system
D) end-user database management system
E) enterprise database management system

Question 18

SQL operates on _____.

A) rows of data at a time
B) columns of data at a time
C) tables of data at a time
D) the entire database
E) any of the above

Question 19

Data may be stored in the following formats _____.

A) databases
B) entities
C) entities and files
D) files
E) files and databases

Question 20

The size of a database is determined by the _____.

A) amount of raw data in the tables
B) amount of raw data in the tables and overhead requirements for the DBMS
C) number of instances in the tables
D) overhead requirements for the DBMS overhead requirements for the DBMS and number of instances in the tables

Question 21

A file contains an electronic list of information that is formatted for a particular transaction, and the information is changed and manipulated by programs that are written for those purposes.

Question 22

Denormalization of a data model reduces the number of joins that must be performed in a query, which increases the speed of data access.

Question 23

A master file holds information temporarily so that it can be used to update other master files.

Question 24

Which one in the following list is an example of NOSQL data store .

A) Oracle
B) SQL Server
C) Access
D) OODBMS
E) Google's Big Table

Question 25

It is likely easier today to find expertise in OODBMS than in RDBMS.

Question 26

Most NoSQL data stores were created to address problems associated with storing large amounts of distributed data in __________.

A) SQL Server
B) ORDBMSs
C) OODBMSs
D) RDDBMSs
E) MySQL

Question 27

In terms of storage space, the most efficient tables in a relational database have redundant data and many null values.

Question 28

Null values in a database are easy to interpret.

Question 29

Finding a specific object in a sequential access file is relatively easy to do.

Question 30

Update anomalies occur when some instances of redundantly stored data are overlooked when an update occurs.

Question 31

The most efficient tables in a relational database in terms of storage space have no redundant data and very few null values because the presence of these suggest that space is being wasted, and more data to store means higher data storage hardware costs.

Question 32

Mapping between the problem domain objects and an OODBMS is a straightforward one-to-one mapping.

Question 33

Normalization is a process that applies a series of rules to a logical data model to determine how well the model is formed.

Question 34

An object-relational database is used primarily to support multimedia applications.

Question 35

Most object-oriented programming languages support sequential and random access files.

Question 36

There are several techniques that the project team can use to try to speed up access to the data: denormalization, clustering, and indexing.

Question 37

Key-value data stores essentially provide a distributed index (primary key) to where a(n) __________________ is stored.

A) BLOB (binary, large object)
B) field
C) entity
D) attribute

Question 38

Look-up files store core information that is important to the business and to the application, and are usually kept for long periods of time with new records appended to the end of the file.

Question 39

Mapping from the problem domain to the data management objects in an RDBMS format is a straightforward one-to-one mapping.

Question 40

Optimization is a process whereby a series of rules are applied to a logical data model to determine how well-formed it is; these rules help analysts identify entities that are not represented correctly.

Question 41

Joanne, a systems analyst trained at this university, has been asked to lead a team that will recommend a new data storage system for her company. After careful analysis of the five divisions that comprise the entire $35 million company, Joanne's team should recommend a end-user database management system.

Question 42

A file that stores static values used for reference and validation is a look-up file.

Question 43

Up until recently, an object-oriented database is mainly used to support multimedia applications or complex systems involving graphics, video and sound.

Question 44

Sequential access files are very efficient for operations such as report writing.

Question 45

A method for improving data access that involves physically arranging the records on the storage medium is called clustering.

Question 46

Nicole and her team of skillful systems analysts have been hired to create a database system for an educational software package that supports the study of medicine and the human body. A sample application will include a narrative exploration and graphical "tour" of the heart. As part of Nicole's team, the type of database that you would you recommend is a relational database.

Question 47

When the analyst is evaluating a data model to ensure that all fields in a record depend fully on the entire primary key, the analyst is making sure that the data model conforms to the second normal form.

Question 48

Information in a file's records that specifies the location of related records is called a marker.

Question 49

A transaction file is primarily used to update a master file.

Question 50

The leader in the database market and a system that can handle diverse data needs is the relational DBMS.

Question 51

A file that stores core information important to the business is an audit file.

Question 52

When looking for a specific object of interest, on average 25% of a sequential access file will have to be searched in order to find that object.

Question 53

SQL, the standard language for accessing data in tables in relational databases, stands for Standard Query Language.

Question 54

A master file stores core information that is important to the business, is normally kept for long periods of time, and is regularly updated.

Question 55

The most efficient tables in a relational database in terms of storage space have redundant data and few null values.

Question 56

An audit file contains information about how data changes over time; it records before and after images of data as it is altered so that it can be validated later.

Question 57

A file that stores information on who, when, and how data was altered is an audit file.

Question 58

An image file stores past transactions that may no longer be needed, is usually stored off-line, and can be accessed on an as-needed basis.

Question 59

The normalization process is performed primarily to increase the database's storage efficiency.

Question 60

Clustering similar records together is one way of reducing access time.

Question 61

Lauren and her team have been hired to create a transaction system for Mike's Motorcycles. Mike's is a medium size shop with 10 employees that sells motorcycle parts and does repair on motorcycles, lawn mowers, and other small engine systems (boats, dune buggies, tractors, etc.) As part of Lauren's team, you need to recommend relational database management system.

Question 62

It is difficult to find professionals with the necessary skill set for RDBMS.

Question 63

The process of adding redundancy back into a physical data model is known as denormalization.

Question 64

Denormalization is performed before the object storage is optimized.

Question 65

Explain the term clustering.

Question 66

Explain the object persistence format type known as Relational databases.

Question 67

The two primary dimensions to optimize a relational database are storage efficiency and future needs.

Question 68

The data stores that are described as NoSQL typically support SQL.

Question 69

Explain the object persistence format type known as Object-relational databases.

Question 70

Information systems consultants, Drew and Becky, have just visited the site of a potential customer. Video-Audio-Images Extra, Inc., is an old established organization that was one of the first companies to videotape weddings, high school musicals, and church presentations. Today they have transformed into a multinational company that performs audio and video recording and mixing, digital re-mastering, and computer graphics for feature films, MTV videos, commercials and video games. During the interview Becky learned that the company has a legacy database system that should soon be replaced. The new system should be able to handle only accounting, purchasing, human resources, and inventory control for the company. What object persistence format would you recommend to Becky and Drew? Support your answer.

Question 71

The object persistence format that supports simple data types only is OODBMS.

Question 72

The Relational DBMS only supports simple data types, but the Object Relational DBMS supports both simple and complex data types.

Question 73

Explain the object persistence format type known as files.

Question 74

The Object Relational DBMS has all advantages from both the Relational DBMS and the Object-Oriented DBMS.

Question 75

There are many different types of NoSQL data stores including key-value stores, document stores, column-oriented stores, object databases, and RDBMSs.

Question 76

The accountants at the Sears store in a local city have noticed that the appliance department is regularly short when items sold are compared to sales. The accountants feel that something is wrong and these systems must be checked for accuracy. The audit file system will reveal if appliances may have been stolen.

Question 77

Explain the term denormalization.

Question 78

Key-value data stores is a type of NOSQL data stores, and they essentially provide a distributed index (primary key) to where a BLOB (binary, large object) is stored

Question 79

The applicability of NOSQL data stores is limited and they are NOT applicable to traditional business transaction processing systems.

Question 80

Explain the object persistence format type known as Object Oriented Databases.