Deck 3: Outcome Measures in Health and Exercise Science

Question 1

Which type of outcome would you use to measure an expansive range of health status characteristics in a patient?

A) Summary scales
B) Global rating of change
C) Generic outcomes
D) Disease-specific outcomes

Answer 1

Generic outcomes

Question 2

Which is NOT an example of a patient-based outcome?

A) Summary scales
B) Global rating of change
C) Generic outcomes
D) Blood cholesterol outcome

Answer 2

Blood cholesterol outcome

Question 3

What is the main difference between the World Health Organization (WHO) model and other disablement models?

A) The WHO model is based on the range of factors that contribute to or detract from health and normal function of the individual.
B) The WHO model is based on a disablement model and includes personal and environmental aspects of disablement.
C) The WHO model provides a basis for experimentation and increases the validity of an experiment.
D) The WHO model establishes or refutes the value of the treatment in a study.

Answer 3

The WHO model is based on a disablement model and includes personal and environmental aspects of disablement.

Question 4

Assessing someone's ability to participate on a softball team belongs to which dimension?

A) Pathophysiology
B) Impairment
C) Functional limitations
D) Disability

Question 5

Which is NOT true of region-specific outcomes?

A) They are limited to a specific area of the body.
B) They can be used to assess narrow and large regions.
C) They can document dysfunction across large areas of the body.
D) They can document dysfunction in multiple regions.

Question 6

Blood pressure and bone density are two measures related to which outcome?

A) Disease-oriented outcome
B) Patient-oriented outcome
C) Functionality-based outcome
D) Disability-oriented outcome

Question 7

Clinician-based outcomes are typically related to which measures?

A) Quality of life measures
B) Body function measures
C) Disease-specific outcome measures
D) Regional-specific measures

Question 8

Which is the term that is defined as measures that assess a very broad range of aspects of health status?

A) Region-specific outcomes
B) Patient-based outcomes
C) Generic outcomes
D) Global rating of change

Question 9

What is the disadvantage of using the global rating of change?

A) It is time-consuming.
B) It can only capture a quick snapshot of a person's health from the baseline.
C) It requires the clinician to complete it on behalf of the patient.
D) It is limited in the amount of detail and specifics of a patient's health.

Question 10

Which is NOT an advantage to using global rating of change?

A) The client or patient gives a single measure for his or her overall quality of life.
B) The global rating of change can give specifics as to why there has been a change in health of the patient between the first and second time points.
C) The global rating of change is a simple measure to assess changes in the patient across time.
D) The measures are especially useful in determining whether a fitness program is having an effect on overall health.

Question 11

What is an outcome of evidence-based practice? Select all that apply.

A) Disease-oriented
B) Environmental-based
C) Clinician-based
D) Patient-based

Question 12

Which of the statements below is NOT accurate when considering clinician-based and disease-oriented outcomes? Select all that apply.

A) They both are the typical forms of evidence collected as part of experiments.
B) The outcomes from both clinician-based and disease-oriented measures are considered more valid and reliable than other outcomes.
C) Both provide patient-centered information that is valued by the patient.
D) Both use blood pressure, strength, range of motion, etc. to assess the patient.

Question 13

What is a patient-based outcome? Select all that apply.

A) The quality and quantity of the patient's social network
B) A rating of the patient's depression on a scale from 0 to 10
C) A description of lower back pain based on a checklist
D) An assessment of lower body strength

Question 14

What is an advantage of using a disablement model? Select all that apply.

A) Assesses the client's disease development
B) Provides a framework for sound experiments to be conducted
C) Increases the validity of an experiment
D) Establishes or disproves the intervention being tested

Question 15

What are the advantages of using disablement models? Select all that apply.

A) Disablement models help us focus on multiple levels of a person's disability in clinical settings.
B) Disablement models provide a basis of experimentation.
C) The best experiments are based on models, and the goal of these experiments is to support components of the model.
D) Using one of the disablement models as a guide increases the validity of the experiment and investigates the value of the treatment.

Question 16

What is true of clinician-based evidence and disease-oriented outcomes? Select all that apply.

A) They are typical forms of evidence collected as part of experiments.
B) They are considered more valid than other measures.
C) They are usually considered more reliable compared to other measures.
D) They provide information that is intuitively important to the patient.

Question 17

What is true of clinician-based outcomes? Select all that apply.

A) They are usually collected by the clinician.
B) They may occur across the disablement continuum and can be provided by the patient.
C) They typically include measures of health condition, body function, and activity.
D) They are typically disease-oriented measures.

Question 18

When considering using patient-oriented measures, what are the questions you should consider? Select all that apply.

A) Are these patient-oriented measures easily understood?
B) Are these patient-oriented measures too long for the patient to complete?
C) Are these patient-oriented measures aligned with the clinician-based outcomes?
D) Are these patient-oriented measures too complicated to score?

Question 19

What are the dimensions measured by the Short Form 36? Select all that apply.

A) Medical history
B) Physical functioning
C) Mental health
D) Pain

Question 20

Patient-oriented evidence that matters (POEM), such as quality of life, risk of dying, loss and function, life span, etc. is a subjective way to assess a patient's health status.

Question 21

Disablement continuum is a framework that identifies disablement variables and the relationships between them.

Question 22

Generic outcomes have the advantage of assessing a very broad range of aspects of health status.

Question 23

A client tells you she wants to improve her upper body strength. To assess her strength, you observe her doing a variety of body-weight exercises such as push-ups, pull-ups, dips, etc. This is the appropriate performance-based assessment for the client.

Question 24

Disablement models help us concentrate on a level (i.e., dimension or region) of a person's disability in clinical settings.

Question 25

The advantage of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health is that it structurally separates those factors that the practitioner can influence and those that the individual person and environment influence.

Question 26

Clinician-based outcomes are measures that are collected by both the clinician and the patient.

Question 27

Clinician-based outcomes are typically patient-oriented measures.

Question 28

Administration burden refers to the amount of time it takes the patient or client to complete the questionnaire.

Question 29

While global rating of change measures are used infrequently, they are increasing in popularity, especially in exercise science.

Question 30

The global rating of change is a valuable measure for assessing patients from one time to the next.

Question 31

Assessing the function of tissue (e.g., ligament's laxity) belongs to the impairment dimension.

Question 32

Dimension-specific outcomes assess pain across three dimensions: quality, quantity, and strength.

Question 33

POEM stands for ___________________________________________________________.

Question 34

Outcomes that assess one specific aspect of health are called ________________________.

Question 35

Measures that are limited to a specific area of the body are called _____________________.

Question 36

The measure that asks whether a patient is better, about the same, or worse across some period of time is called________________________.

Question 37

The term that refers to measures that directly assess the patient's health status is called ________________________.

Question 38

The disablement model produced by the World Health Organization is called the ________________________.

Question 39

Another word for outcome is ________________________.

Question 40

The time it takes the client or patient to complete a questionnaire is called ______________.