Deck 23: Trustworthiness and Integrity in Qualitative Research

Question 1

What is one contentious issue in the debate about quality concerns in qualitative research?

A) The sameness of the two methods
B) Criteria to use as indicators of validity and reliability
C) The place of imagination in qualitative research
D) The need for high-quality research in both traditions

Answer 1

Criteria to use as indicators of validity and reliability

Question 2

The most-often used framework of quality criteria is that of Lincoln and Guba. How many criteria are identified for evaluating trustworthiness of the inquiry?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5

Answer 2

5

Question 3

What is credibility in the often-used framework of quality criteria?

A) Confidence in the truth value of the findings
B) Stability of data over time and conditions
C) Objectivity or neutrality of the data
D) Analog of external validity and the extent to which findings from the data can be transferred to other settings or groups

Answer 3

Confidence in the truth value of the findings

Question 4

What is authenticity in the often-used framework of quality criteria?

A) Confidence in the truth value of the findings
B) Stability of data over time and conditions.
C) Objectivity or neutrality of the data.
D) Extent to which researchers fairly and faithfully show a range of different realities and convey the feeling tone of lives as they are lived.

Question 5

The qualitative study has a lot of stability of data over time and conditions. What term is somewhat analogous to reliability in quantitative studies?

A) Credibility
B) Dependability
C) Confirmability
D) Transferability

Question 6

What term is the analog of external validity in quantitative studies?

A) Credibility
B) Dependability
C) Confirmability
D) Transferability

Question 7

What is confirmability in the often-used framework of quality criteria?

A) Confidence in the truth value of the findings
B) Stability of data over time and conditions
C) Objectivity or neutrality of the data Analog of external validity and the extent
D) to which findings from the data can be transferred to other settings or groups

Question 8

In the view of Whittemore and colleagues' framework, four primary criteria are essential to all quality inquiry. What is one of the primary criteria?

A) Credibility
B) Creativity
C) Congruence
D) Explicitness

Question 9

In the view of Whittemore and colleagues' framework, four primary criteria are essential to all quality inquiry. The terminology overlaps with Lincoln and Guba's framework regarding two criteria. Which two criteria overlap?

A) Authenticity and criticality
B) Creativity and congruence
C) Integrity and creativity
D) Credibility and authenticity

Question 10

An alternative framework, representing a synthesis of 10 qualitative validity schemes by Whittemore and colleagues, proposed four primary criteria and six secondary criteria. What is criticality?

A) Researcher's critical appraisal of every research decision
B) Demonstrated by ongoing self-scrutiny to enhance the likelihood that interpretations are valid and grounded in the data
C) Ability to follow the researcher's decisions through careful demonstration
D) Involves rich and vivid descriptions

Question 11

An alternative framework, representing a synthesis of 10 qualitative validity schemes by Whittemore and colleagues, proposed four primary criteria and six secondary criteria. What is explicitness?

A) Researcher's critical appraisal of every research decision
B) Demonstrated by ongoing self-scrutiny to enhance the likelihood that interpretations are valid and grounded in the data
C) Ability to follow the researcher's decisions through careful demonstration
D) Involves rich and vivid descriptions

Question 12

An alternative framework, representing a synthesis of 10 qualitative validity schemes by Whittemore and colleagues, proposed four primary criteria and six secondary criteria. What is integrity?

A) Researcher's critical appraisal of every research decision
B) Demonstrated by ongoing self-scrutiny to enhance the likelihood that interpretations are valid and grounded in the data
C) Ability to follow the researcher's decisions through careful demonstration
D) Involves rich and vivid descriptions

Question 13

An alternative framework, representing a synthesis of 10 qualitative validity schemes by Whittemore and colleagues, proposed four primary criteria and six secondary criteria. What is sensitivity?

A) Degree to which an inquiry reflects respectand compassion for those being studied.
B) Interconnectedness between parts of the inquiry and the whole, and between study findings and external contexts
C) Comprehensive data and the full development of ideas
D) Reflects challenges to traditional ways of thinking

Question 14

Strategies for enhancing the quality of qualitative data as they are being collected include prolonged engagement. What is prolonged engagement?

A) Vivid recording of information including maintenance of an audit trail of keydecisions
B) Strives at achieving adequate depth of data coverage
C) Strives for adequate scope of data coverage
D) Process of using multiple referents to draw conclusions about constitutes the truth

Question 15

What is triangulation?

A) Use of multiple data sources to validate conclusions
B) Use of multiple methods to collect data about the same phenomenon
C) Process of using multiple referents to draw conclusions about constitutes the truth
D) Independent coding and analysis of at least a portion of the data by two or more researchers

Question 16

What is a strategy for enhancing quality during the coding and analysis of qualitative data?

A) Investigator triangulation
B) Data triangulation
C) Method triangulation
D) Research credibility

Question 17

What is theory triangulation?

A) Use of multiple data sources to validate conclusions
B) Use of multiple methods to collect data about the same phenomenon
C) Use of competing theories or hypotheses in the analysis and interpretation of data
D) Independent coding and analysis of at least a portion of the data by two or more researchers

Question 18

What is the purpose of a peer briefing?

A) Internal validity of data
B) Reliability of data
C) External validity of data
D) Reliability and validity of data

Question 19

A formal scrutiny of the research process and audit trial documents occurs by an independent external auditor. What is the term for this process?

A) Negative case analysis
B) Peer debriefing
C) Inquiry audit
D) Research credibility

Question 20

There is widespread agreement that qualitative researchers need to devote time and energy to analyzing and documenting their presuppositions, biases, and ongoing emotions. What commitment does this represent?

A) Transparency
B) Absorption and Diligence
C) Verification
D) Reflexivity