Deck 12: The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge of Nationalism, 1812-1824

Question 1

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​Battles and Strategic Locales in the War of 1812

____ Thames River

Answer 1

4

Question 2

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​Battles and Strategic Locales in the War of 1812

____ Fort Niagara

Answer 2

5

Question 3

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The United States and Its Territories Following the Missouri Compromise of 1820-1821

____ West Florida

Answer 3

18

Question 4

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The United States and Its Territories Following the Missouri Compromise of 1820-1821

____ Missouri Territory

Question 5

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​Battles and Strategic Locales in the War of 1812

____ Lake Champlain

Question 6

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The United States and Its Territories Following the Missouri Compromise of 1820-1821

____ Pensacola

Question 7

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The United States and Its Territories Following the Missouri Compromise of 1820-1821

____ 36° 30'

Question 8

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The United States and Its Territories Following the Missouri Compromise of 1820-1821

____ Oregon County

Question 9

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The United States and Its Territories Following the Missouri Compromise of 1820-1821

____ St.Marks

Question 10

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​Battles and Strategic Locales in the War of 1812

____ New Orleans

Question 11

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The United States and Its Territories Following the Missouri Compromise of 1820-1821

____ Cumberland Road

Question 12

The War of 1812 was notable in the history of American warfare because  

A) of the high level of American domestic dissent and opposition to the war.
B) no talented military commanders emerged.
C) of inadequate financing of the war.
D) the historically high level of Americans killed and wounded in military action.
E) of the nation's apathy and national disunity.

Question 13

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The United States and Its Territories Following the Missouri Compromise of 1820-1821

____ forty-ninth parallel

Question 14

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​Battles and Strategic Locales in the War of 1812

____ Michilimackinac

Question 15

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The United States and Its Territories Following the Missouri Compromise of 1820-1821

____ Mobile

Question 16

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The United States and Its Territories Following the Missouri Compromise of 1820-1821

____ Maine

Question 17

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​Battles and Strategic Locales in the War of 1812

____ Detroit

Question 18

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The United States and Its Territories Following the Missouri Compromise of 1820-1821

____ Lake of the Woods

Question 19

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​The United States and Its Territories Following the Missouri Compromise of 1820-1821

____ Erie Canal

Question 20

Locate the following places by reference number on the map:
​Battles and Strategic Locales in the War of 1812

____ Fort McHenry

Question 21

By 1814, the British strategy included all of the following except  

A) invading New York.
B) invading the Chesapeake Bay area.
C) invading the Delaware and Hudson Valleys.
D) blockading the Atlantic coast.
E) invading New Orleans and the Mississippi Valley.

Question 22

All of the following were true of the American regular army on the eve of the War of 1812 except  

A) they were ill-trainedand ill-disciplined.
B) they were widely scattered.
C) their numbers were large enough that they did not have to rely on state militias.
D) most of the generals were leftovers from the Revolutionary War and lacked vigor and vision.
E) there was no burning national anger to unite Americans against the British.

Question 23

The Battle of New Orleans resulted in all of the following except  

A) the launching of Andrew Jackson as a national hero.
B) an impressive American military victory over the British.
C) the British deciding to conclude a peace treaty with the Americans at Ghent, Belgium in late 1814.
D) a wave of patriotism washing over the entire country, exemplified by public praise for the defenders of New Orleans.
E) the restoration of American honor in the hearts and minds of many Americans.

Question 24

At the peace conference at Ghent, the British began to withdraw many of its earlier demands for all of the following reasons except  

A) reverses in upper New York.
B) a loss at Baltimore.
C) increasing war weariness in Britain.
D) concern about the polticial and miltiary ambitions of still dangerous France.
E) the powerful southwest Indian allies of the British had abandoned them and decided to support Andrew Jackson's military forces.

Question 25

America's military campaigns against Canada in the War of 1812 were  

A) unusual for its brilliant military leadership.
B) poorly conceived strategically and successfully repelled by the British and Canadians.
C) marked by good coordination of a complicated strategy.
D) a failure because they focused each of the campaigns on Montreal.
E) a success on land but a failure on the water.

Question 26

The Rush-Bagot agreement  

A) required the Indians to relinquish vast areas of tribal lands north of the Ohio River.
B) ended the traditional mutual suspicion and hatred between the United States and Great Britain.
C) severely limited British and American naval armaments on the Great Lakes.
D) provided for Canadian independence from Great Britain.
E) gave Florida to the United States.

Question 27

Canada became an important battleground in the War of 1812 because  

A) it was the economic hub of the New England economy.
B) Canadians would be willing to help the Americans overthrow the imperial yoke of British rule.
C) British forces were weakest there.
D) the United States could rely on the military and economic support of French Canadians against the British.
E) Canada held important strategic military bases from which the Americans could attack the British.

Question 28

The delegates of the Hartford Convention adopted resolutions in 1814 that included a call for  

A) a constitutional amendment requiring a two-thirds vote in Congress before war could be declared, new states admitted, or a trade embargo instituted by the federal government.
B) New England's secession from the Union.
C) a separate peace treaty between New England and the British.
D) a Constitutional Convention to address New England's political and economic grievances and objections that stemmed from the War of 1812.
E) a suspension of peace negotiations with Britain in Ghent, Belgium.

Question 29

The delegates of the Hartford Convention adopted resolutions that demanded all of the following except  

A) a single-term limit on the presidency.
B) a guarantee of no future wars with Britain.
C) financial compensation to New England for lost trade.
D) abolition of the three-fifths clause.
E) reduction in the amount of representation the South had in Congress.

Question 30

The performance of the United States' Navy in the War of 1812 could be best described as  

A) poor and unsuccessful in every category.
B) less successful than that of the army.
C) courageous but strategically ineffective.
D) ineffective on the Great Lakes.
E) overall surprisingly successful and skillful against the accomplished British ships and commanders.

Question 31

The War of 1812 was one of the worst fought wars in American history for all of the following reasons except that  

A) the militia was never called up to supplement the regular army.
B) disunity was widespread.
C) only a zealous minority supported the war.
D) at first, many of the generals were senile Revolutionary War veterans.
E) the militia was poorly trained.

Question 32

One adverse result for the United States of the outcome of the Battle of New Orleans during the War of 1812 was  

A) a British naval blockade of the American coast.
B) the decimation of the American fishing industry.
C) the extended disruption of American overseas trade.
D) the breakdown of peace negotiations with the British at Ghent, Belgium.
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 33

British plans for their 1814 campaign did not include action in  

A) New York.
B) Washington, D.C.
C) Florida.
D) New Orleans.
E) Chesapeake Bay.

Question 34

For Native Americans, the War of 1812 meant  

A) renewed ties to their British allies.
B) treaties in which they reluctantly relinquished lands north of the Ohio River.
C) a treaty between the Creeks and the United States that secured their lands in the Old Southwest of the United States.
D) the destruction of the buffalo, on which they relied for food and trade.
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 35

The most devastating defeat suffered by the British during the War of 1812 took place at the Battle of  

A) New Orleans.
B) Horseshoe Bend.
C) Tippecanoe.
D) the Thames.
E) Baltimore.

Question 36

Perhaps the key battle of the War of 1812, because it protected the United States from full-scale invasion and possible dissolution, was the Battle of  

A) Mackinac.
B) Plattsburgh.
C) the Thames.
D) Horseshoe Bend.
E) Fallen Timbers.

Question 37

From a global perspective, the War of 1812 was  

A) a highly significant conflict.
B) more important to Europeans than to Americans.
C) of little importance.
D) responsible for the defeat of Napoleon.
E) more important than the American Revolution.

Question 38

The British attack on Fort McHenry  

A) resulted in another decisive British military victory.
B) made possible the British invasion of Washington, D.C.
C) inspired the writing of "The Star-Spangled Banner" by Francis Scott Key.
D) produced the "Bladensburg Races."
E) was the decisive military turning point in the War of 1812.

Question 39

After Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo in 1815, European nations  

A) wereimmediately engulfed by liberal and democratic revolutions.
B) became more influential in developing the course of westward development and expansion by America.
C) formed a military alliance to contain any future French aggression.
D) returnedshortly thereafter toconservatism, illiberalism, and reaction.
E) sought more trade with China.

Question 40

Andrew Jackson sought to recruit free blacks to defend New Orleans by appealing to the governor of Louisiana using all of the following arguments except  

A) free men of colour are inured to the Southern climate and would make excellent soldiers.
B) many of the free black men are idle and lazy and would become better workers after the war through the discipline of military service.
C) trusting the free black men to serve in the military will forge a strong bond between them and the interests of the country.
D) free men of colour enjoy equal rights and privileges with white men.
E) free blacks must choose up sides - either stand with the nation or stand against it.

Question 41

The Tariff of 1816 was the first in American history  

A) that essentially foreclosed all themanufacturing imports from specific industrial sectors in America such as textiles.
B) intended to raise revenue.
C) that aimed to protect American industry.
D) to impose taxes on American goods.
E) designed to protect Southern agriculture.

Question 42

New England opposed the notion of federally constructed roads because  

A) they cost too much.
B) the Democratic-Republicans favored them.
C) canals were a superior means of transportation.
D) they would drain away population and create competing states in the West.
E) New England Federalists believed such federally constructed roads were unconstitutional.

Question 43

The two most internationally recognized American writers in the 1820s were  

A) Washington Irving and James Fenimore Cooper.
B) Edgar Allan Poe and Charles Baudelaire.
C) Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson.
D) Herman Melville and Nathaniel Hawthorne.
E) Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau.

Question 44

As a result of the Missouri Compromise  

A) there were more slave than free states in the Union.
B) slavery was outlawed in all states north of the forty-second parallel.
C) slavery was banned north of 36° 30' in the Louisiana Purchase territory.
D) Missouri was required to free its slaves when they reached full adulthood.
E) there were more free states than second states in the Union.

Question 45

The first state entirely west of the Mississippi River to be carved out of the Louisiana Territory was  

A) Kansas.
B) Louisiana.
C) Iowa.
D) Arkansas.
E) Missouri.

Question 46

The Panic of 1819 brought with it all of the following except  

A) inflation.
B) unemployment.
C) bank failures of speculative "wildcat" western banks.
D) incarcerating many debtors from poorer classes in debtors' prisons.
E) a massive wave of personal and commercial bankruptcies.

Question 47

Following the War of 1812, nationalism could be seen in all of the following except  

A) the way in which American painters depicted the beauty of American landscapes.
B) the congressional defeat of an effort to revive the Bank of the United States in 1816.
C) the building of a more handsome national capital.
D) an expanded army and navy.
E) development of a national literature.

Question 48

One of the West's persistent political demands was for  

A) a strong gold-back monetary system.
B) a stronger Bank of the United States.
C) cheap money issued by unregulated banks.
D) federal aid to subsidize agriculture.
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 49

The following elements helped cause the Panic of 1819 and exacerbate its adverse economic effects except  

A) the overextension of credit by western banks to dubious business and unwise ventures.
B) the overspeculation in frontier lands by the Bank of the United States through its western branches.
C) the absence of a sound, central national monetary policy by the federal government.
D) the coercive loan call-in and foreclosure demands imposed by the Bank of the United States.
E) a devastating agricultural drought throughout the nation in 1818-1819.

Question 50

Henry Clay embraced a program in 1824 called the American System which would create all of the following except  

A) a strong banking system.
B) easy and abundant credit.
C) a protective tariff to enable manufacturing to grow.
D) a network of roads and canals for transporting foodstuffs, raw materials and manufactured goods nationwide.
E) the constitutional right of individual states to nullify laws enacted by Congress that adversely affected their economic interests.

Question 51

The Era of Good Feelings  

A) was characterized by the absence of any serious or divisive problems in the United States.
B) was noted for an extended period of cooperation and agreement over a wide diversiy of political and economic issues between the Democratic-Republicans and the Federalists.
C) marked a temporary end to sectionalism by uniting all parts of the country.
D) was a misnomer, because the period was marked by heated political disputes over the tarrif, the bank, internal improvements, and the sale of public lands.
E) saw the creation of the Whig political party.

Question 52

With the demise of the Federalist party following the election of 1816  

A) the Democratic-Republicans quickly established one-party rule.
B) another party arose very quickly to take its place.
C) little political trouble or strife ensued throughout the nation.
D) sectionalism completely disappeared.
E) the Whig party immediately materialized to take its place.

Question 53

When the House of Representatives passed the Tallmadge Amendment in response to Missouri's request for admission to the Union, the South thought that the amendment  

A) would threaten the precarioussectional balance in the country.
B) might keep alive the institution of slavery.
C) would slow the growth of the West.
D) would silence the abolitionists.
E) would keep Maine out of the union.

Question 54

Democratic-Republicans opposed Senator Henry Clay's American System because  

A) it favored only the South.
B) it would provide stiff competition to the Erie Canal.
C) they believed that it was unconstitutional.
D) they thought it would center more control in Washington.
E) they believed in high tariffs and high taxes.

Question 55

The outcome of the War of 1812 was a(n)  

A) decisive victory for the United States.
B) stimulus to patriotic nationalism in the United States.
C) embarrassment for American diplomacy.
D) heavy blow to American manufacturing.
E) decisive victory for the British.

Question 56

The western land boom from 1791 to 1824 resulted from all of the following except  

A) the Land Act of 1820 and the development of inexpensive transportation to and through the Northwest and West.
B) land exhaustion in older tobacco states.
C) acute economic distress in the East during the embargo years prompted many Americans to settle in the West.
D) the frontier was pacified in the Northwest and South with the military defeats of the Indians.
E) the construction of railroad lines west of the Mississippi River.

Question 57

In the North, the admission of Missouri as a state  

A) inspired a small but growing group of abolitionists in the North to speak out against the evils of slavery.
B) was hailed by merchants as a potential new market.
C) was seen as a chance to strengthen the "New England dynasty."
D) inspired a movement to amend the Constitution to explicitly authorize slavery in newly admitted states if those state residents voted to retain it.
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 58

All of the following were results of the Missouri Compromise except that  

A) neither northern nor southern sectional interests were completely pleased with the political bargain reached in Congress.
B) Missouri entered the Union as a slave state.
C) Maine entered the Union as a free state.
D) sectionalism was significantly reduced.
E) the political balance between the North and South was kept even.

Question 59

One of the most important by-products of the War of 1812 was  

A) a renewed commitment to states' rights.
B) a heightened spirit of nationalism.
C) a resurgence of the Federalist party.
D) increased economic dependence on Europe.
E) the subjugation of the Indians.

Question 60

At the end of the War of 1812, British manufacturers  

A) discontinued trade with America.
B) conducted only limited trade with America.
C) began dumping their goods in America at extremely low prices.
D) persuaded the British government to repeal all economic barriers and tariffs applied to American domestic manufacturers.
E) saw their profits fall dramatically.

Question 61

In interpreting the Constitution, John Marshall  

A) favored the doctrine ofloose construction.
B) supported the doctrine ofstrict construction.
C) supported an unchanging document.
D) advocated state control of interstate commerce.
E) set few judicial precedents in his written opinions about cases involving the Constitution.

Question 62

Latin America's reaction to the Monroe Doctrine can best be described as  

A) enthusiastic.
B) fearful of the United States.
C) unconcerned or unimpressed.
D) relying on Britain to void it.
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 63

People moved into the Old Northwest for all of the following reasons except  

A) the canal and highway boom opened the area to settlement.
B) the Indian threat had been substantially weakened.
C) to acquire cheap and productive land.
D) to escape the domination of wealthy plantation owners.
E) to expand the territory where slavery was legal.

Question 64

When the Monroe Doctrine was issued in 1823

A) it might more accurately have been called the American Self-Defense Doctrine.
B) it wasquickly codified into international law.
C) it became a binding pledge of interventionism on each subsequent presidential administration.
D) it was an expression of deepening American isolationism from world affairs.
E) it represented an unbreakable commitment by the United States to internationalism.

Question 65

In the cases of Fletcher v.Peck and Dartmouth College v.Woodward, Chief Justice John Marshall's rulings  

A) erected barriers against democratic attacks on property rights.
B) established the principle of judicial review.
C) demonstrated his support for states' rights.
D) upheld federal authority against individual rights at the federal level.
E) held federal regulatory laws unconstitutional if they conflicted with the U.S. Constitution.

Question 66

Henry Clay's American System called for  

A) federally funded internal improvements.
B) the abolition of slavery in the territories.
C) international free trade.
D) protective tariffs.
E) continuation of the National Bank.

Question 67

Spain sold Florida in 1819 to the United States because it  

A) wanted to help America to become a rival to Britain.
B) could not defend the area and would lose it in any case.
C) received America's promise to give up claims to Oregon.
D) was pulling out of the Western Hemisphere.
E) thought the sale of Florida might stop American settlers and frontiersmen from further pushing into Texas and other parts of Spain's holdings in the Southwest.

Question 68

Chief Justice John Marshall's ruling in ____ upheld the Constitution's protection of property rights against interference by a popular state law.  

A) McCulloch v. Maryland
B) Marbury v. Madison
C) Cohens v. Virginia
D) Fletcher v. Peck
E) Gibbons v. Ogden

Question 69

The Russo-American Treaty of 1824 fixed the southernmost limits of Russian occupation of North America at  

A) 54° 40', the present southern tip of the Alaska panhandle.
B) 36° 30'.
C) the forty-second parallel.
D) the forty-ninth parallel.
E) the fifty-first parallel.

Question 70

U.S.Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall's rulings almost single-handedly shaped constitutional interpretation   

A) toward strict adherence to the literal text of the Constitution.
B) upholding individual civil liberties.
C) tipping the balance of power between Congress and the president toward the president.
D) toward favoring nationalistic centralism and curbing the powers of popularly elected state legislatures in national political and economic affairs.
E) in the direction of states' rights over the federal government.

Question 71

In McCulloch v.Maryland, Cohens v.Virginia, and Gibbons v.Ogden, Chief Justice Marshall's rulings limited the extent of  

A) states' rights.
B) judicial review.
C) federal authority.
D) constitutionalism.
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 72

Britain opposed Spain's reestablishing its authority in Latin American countries that had successfully revolted because  

A) Britain had now allied itself with France.
B) Britain had great sympathy toward democratic revolutions.
C) Britain preferred the United States establishing an American colonial authority over Latin America.
D) theseformerlySpanish possessions in Latin America were now open to lucrative trade and British exporters and shippers were making a lucrative profit.
E) Britain wanted to establish imperial political control over all of these Latin American countries.

Question 73

John Marshall uttered his famous legal dictum that "the power to tax involves the power to destroy" in  

A) Gibbons v. Ogden.
B) Fletcher v. Peck.
C) McCulloch v. Maryland.
D) Dartmouth College v. Woodward.
E) Marbury v. Madison.

Question 74

The Anglo-American Convention of 1818 with Great Britain  

A) used the watershed of the Missouri River to define the United States' border with Canada as far west as the Rocky Mountains.
B) formally recognized America's earlier conquest of West Florida.
C) called for a ten-year joint occupation of the Oregon country by both American citizens and British subjects.
D) granted Canada exclusive use of Newfoundland fisheries.
E) saw the United States forced to give up its tariffs on British goods.

Question 75

Andrew Jackson's military exploits were instrumental in the United States gaining  

A) a peaceful and just conclusion to the territorial and settlement conflicts involving the Seminole Indians of Florida.
B) possession of Florida from the Spanish.
C) joint fishing rights in Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland.
D) naval limitations on the Great Lakes.
E) gaining control of eastern Texas.

Question 76

When moving to the Old Northwest, settlers from the North wanted to do all of the following except  

A) pay taxes for public improvements.
B) build roads and canals.
C) embrace revivalist Baptist and Methodist denominations as their favored forms of Protestantism.
D) develop public education.
E) live in harmony with the Indians.

Question 77

The United States' most successful diplomat in the Era of Good Feelings was  

A) Henry Clay
B) Daniel Webster.
C) John Quincy Adams.
D) Andrew Jackson.
E) James Monroe.

Question 78

America's postwar nationalism manifested itself in the  

A) rechartering of a national bank.
B) literary themes of James Fenimore Cooper and Washington Irving.
C) financial Panic of 1819.
D) Missouri Compromise debates.
E) explorations of Lewis and Clark.

Question 79

Sectionalism was stimulated by the  

A) American System.
B) death of the Federalist party.
C) Panic of 1819.
D) Tallmadge Amendment.
E) Missouri Compromise.

Question 80

The rapid growth and development of the West after 1815 were stimulated by  

A) the lure of cheap lands to easterners and European immigrants.
B) construction of new roads through the mountains into the West.
C) the subduing of the Indian tribes during the War of 1812.
D) the abolition of slavery from western territories.
E) the Spanish leaving California.