Deck 32: Diet Therapy and Special Diets

Question 1

A nurse is caring for a client who has been NPO for 4 days and has not been receiving any nutritional support. What nursing intervention should the nurse implement to best address the client's nutritional needs?

A) Start immediate administration of supplemental feedings.
B) Bring the concern to the attention of the primary care provider.
C) Reassess the client's complaint of hunger.
D) Offer clear liquids to the client.

Answer 1

Bring the concern to the attention of the primary care provider.

Question 2

A nurse is caring for a client who has been on a full liquid diet with nutritional supplements for a week. For what side effects of these supplements should the nurse monitor the client? Select all that apply.

A) Nausea
B) Dizziness
C) Diarrhea
D) Gas
E) Constipation

Answer 2

Diarrhea
Gas
Constipation

Question 3

What statement provides accurate information regarding the administration of oral medications and resulting dietary considerations?

A) Medications should be taken with bland diet for easier absorption.
B) Oral medications should always be taken with water
C) Some medications have reactions when taken with certain foods.
D) Certain food preferences may affect medication absorption.

Answer 3

Some medications have reactions when taken with certain foods.

Question 4

A nurse is caring for a client with severe edema who has been prescribed moderate sodium restriction. Which quantity of sodium intake should be recommended to the client?

A) Recommend more than 4,000 mg per day
B) Recommend 250 to 500 mg per day
C) Recommend 1,000 to 2,000 mg per day
D) Recommend 3,000 to 4,000 mg per day

Question 5

A nurse is caring for a client who is bedridden. To establish a bladder routine, what should the nurse encourage the client to do?

A) Increase fluid intake
B) Decrease protein intake
C) Perform mild exercises
D) Eat a low-calorie diet

Question 6

The nurse is caring for a client with a history of polydipsia who has been placed on fluid restriction. Which suggestion should the nurse provide the client to facilitate compliance?

A) Chew gums and candies to avoid fluid intake.
B) Take half the fluids in the day and half in the evening.
C) Take regular or diet soda at regular intervals.
D) Take frozen fruit juices often.

Question 7

What diet should the nurse be prepared to discuss when caring for a client diagnosed with malabsorption syndrome?

A) High fat
B) Protein restricted
C) Fat controlled
D) Sodium controlled

Question 8

Which therapeutic nursing intervention should be considered when feeding a client experiencing difficulty swallowing?

A) Separate the food according to the water content.
B) Encourage the client to swallow after each portion of food.
C) Tell the client to take a small sip of water after each portion.
D) Talk with the primary care provider about an order for a semiliquid diet.

Question 9

A client has been prescribed a lactose-restricted diet by the physician. Based on this dietary order, for what should the nurse assess the client after ingesting lactose?

A) Nausea
B) Irritation
C) Dizziness
D) Cramping

Question 10

Which statement provides accurate information related to a button feeding device?

A) A small silicone device used in place of a gastrostomy tube
B) Devise placed with an endoscopic instrument
C) Inserted through the nose into the stomach
D) Placed through the skin into the stomach

Question 11

What information is accurate regarding peripheral parenteral nutrition?

A) Used when the gastrointestinal tract is functioning improperly
B) Infused directly into the blood circulation
C) Surgically placed into the central vein to allow the concentrated solution to be diffused quickly into circulation
D) Infusions must be hypotonic or isotonic to prevent dehydration and electrolyte imbalance

Question 12

What information about total parenteral nutrition is accurate? Select all that apply.

A) Contains a lesser concentration of the ingredients found in peripheral vein TPN
B) Used to promote protein synthesis
C) Provides more calories than peripheral parenteral nutrition
D) Specifically formulated to be nutritionally complete
E) Used to promote weight gain

Question 13

What is the goal of a therapeutic diet for diabetes?

A) Regulates the amount of certain nutrients
B) Decreases body weight by limiting calories and fat
C) Reduces or preventing edema by controlling the level of sugar
D) Helps an overburdened organ regain normal function

Question 14

The nurse is differentiating between a house diet, modified diet, and therapeutic diet. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching about the types of diets?

A) A house diet is the diet most frequently ordered.
B) A house diet allows a wide choice of foods.
C) A modified diet is an important part of therapy for many diseases.
D) A therapeutic diet is prescribed according to the client's ability to tolerate food.

Question 15

What is the correct sequence of progression for a diet following surgery?
1) Clear liquid
2) Soft
3) Full liquid
4) Regular diet

A) 1, 3, 2, 4
B) 2, 1, 4, 3
C) 3, 1, 2, 4
D) 4, 2, 1, 3

Question 16

What is the most appropriate diet for a client who is edentulous?

A) Digestive soft diet
B) Mechanical soft diet
C) Clear liquid diet
D) Full liquid diet

Question 17

Why may an optimally modified diet by impractical for a client? Select all that apply.

A) Prognosis
B) Religious considerations
C) Gender
D) Support systems
E) Co-existing medical conditions

Question 18

Which foods can the nurse encourage the client to consume on a low-residue diet? Select all that apply.

A) Well-cooked, ground meats
B) Seafood
C) Fried eggs
D) Raw fish
E) Mild cheese

Question 19

For which health condition is a fat-controlled diet generally prescribed?

A) Diabetes mellitus
B) Post intestinal surgery
C) Gastroesophageal reflux disease
D) Hyperlipidemia

Question 20

Which client is likely to be prescribed a ketogenic diet?

A) A 15-year-old with type 1 diabetes
B) A 5-year-old diagnosed with uncontrolled seizures
C) A 75-year-old newly diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
D) A 45-year-old with hyperlipidemia

Question 21

A client is prescribed a protein-restricted diet. Based on the client's weight of 60 kg, what is the amount of protein allowed on this client's diet?

A) 12 to 16 g
B) 24 to 32 g
C) 36 to 48 g
D) 48 to 60 g