Deck 71: Care of the Infant, Toddler, or Preschooler

Question 1

The nurse is providing education to the mother of a toddler who is brought to the pediatrician for a well visit. What would be a focal point for client education based on the child's developmental level?

A) Discipline and limit setting
B) Development of a positive self-concept
C) Use of a car restraint
D) Common childhood diseases

Answer 1

Discipline and limit setting

Question 2

During a physical assessment, the nurse suggests to the parents that a preschooler be given the Denver-II Developmental Screening Test. Which area would this test assess?

A) Physical development
B) Eating habits
C) Cognitive development
D) Temperament

Answer 2

Cognitive development

Question 3

The nurse is performing a physical assessment of a teenager. What unique focus of adolescent care should the nurse keep in mind when caring for adolescents?

A) Adolescents like to be treated like adults instead of children.
B) Adolescents have many of the same problems and issues as adults.
C) It is too early to refer teenagers with abuse problems to professional counseling.
D) Adolescents may voice individual concerns and should be talked to separately.

Answer 3

Adolescents may voice individual concerns and should be talked to separately.

Question 4

The school nurse working with adolescents recognizes that adolescents are often embarrassed about talking about their health problems. Which teaching strategy would be helpful for this age group?

A) Placing pamphlets regarding adolescent concerns in a brochure rack.
B) Scheduling interviews with adolescents with their parents.
C) Providing lectures to groups of adolescents regarding common concerns.
D) Ignoring the concerns of an adolescent until he or she is ready to talk about them.

Question 5

A child is admitted to the healthcare facility for surgery following a fracture. The child is aggressive and refuses to comply with the staff of the facility. Which phase of separation anxiety is the child going through?

A) Protest
B) Despair
C) Detachment
D) Denial

Question 6

The nurse is caring for children who are scheduled for surgery. Which guideline is recommended for reducing anxiety in these clients?

A) Explain the procedure to family members and let them explain it to the child.
B) Tell the child the procedure will not hurt, even if it might cause some pain.
C) Tell a child to be a "big girl or boy" and not to cry during the procedure.
D) Report test results to the family caregivers and the child, if possible.

Question 7

The nurse enters a hospitalized child's hospital room and finds that the child is sitting quietly in bed and appears very sad. The child is sucking his thumb, and clutching his blanket. What stage of separation anxiety is this child displaying?

A) Protest
B) Despair
C) Denial
D) Detachment

Question 8

A nurse is assisting with a client health history for a 5-year-old boy being admitted to the hospital for surgery. Which of guideline is recommended for gaining the child's cooperation?

A) Keep assessment equipment away from the child's view so as not to scare him.
B) Direct all questions to the family caregiver.
C) Allow the child to sit in the caregiver's lap for as much of the interview as possible.
D) Do not be afraid to restrain the child if he is not cooperating.

Question 9

Which is the average range of pulse or respiration for an infant?

A) Pulse: 80 to 180
B) Pulse: 60 to 90
C) 17 to 22 bpm
D) 15 to 20 bpm

Question 10

The nurse is taking the vital signs of a toddler who is being admitted to the hospital. Which vital sign should the nurse assess first?

A) Temperature
B) Pulse
C) Blood pressure
D) Respirations

Question 11

The nurse is taking the vital signs of children of different ages on a pediatric unit of a hospital. Which of guideline is recommended for this procedure?

A) Take the radial pulse for children younger than 2 years.
B) Take an oral or tympanic temperature for children older than 6 years.
C) The blood pressure cuff should cover approximately one-third of the upper arm of a child.
D) Count respirations for children for 30 seconds.

Question 12

It is appropriate to take an oral temperature for a child experiencing which condition?

A) Stuffy nose
B) Vomiting
C) Agitation
D) Diarrhea

Question 13

Which should the nurse keep in mind when recording the blood pressure of a 10-year- old child?

A) The cuff should cover approximately two-thirds of the upper arm.
B) The bladder of the cuff should overlap when encircling the arm.
C) The thigh pressure is approximately 10 mm Hg lower than arm pressure.
D) The cuff should cover approximately half the width of the upper arm.

Question 14

Which head-to-chest ratio is normal for children?

A) The newborn's chest is larger than the head.
B) The chest and head are about equal for ages 1 to 2 years.
C) By age 10, a child's chest is about 2 to 3 in larger than the head
D) By age 5, a child's head is about 2 to 3 in larger than the chest.

Question 15

A nurse is measuring the head and chest circumference of a child. Which guideline is recommended for these procedures?

A) Use a cloth measuring tape to measure the chest.
B) Measure the occipital-frontal circumference of the head for children up to 3 years of age.
C) Do not measure the head of a child with a suspected abnormality.
D) Measure the chest an inch below the nipple line.

Question 16

The nurse providing care to children in a hospital pediatric ward discusses safety with newly hired UAPs. Which guideline ensures safety for these clients?

A) Make sure beds are always in the highest position with side rails up.
B) Always use cloth diapers to prevent irritation from disposable diapers.
C) When taking a child's temperature, consider his or her ability to cooperate.
D) Use only toys that can be thrown away after play.

Question 17

Which guideline ensures safety when applying a restraint on a child?

A) A physician's order is usually required for a restraint.
B) Restraints must be released and reapplied every 4 hours.
C) The child's skin and circulation must be checked every 3 hours.
D) The safety device makes careful observation of the child unnecessary.

Question 18

Which restraint option is best for preventing a child from pulling on a nasogastric tube?

A) Papoose board
B) Mitt or glove
C) Armboard
D) Mummy restraint

Question 19

Which intervention should the nurse implement when using an arm board for the child with an IV?

A) Secure the armboard first and then secure the IV.
B) Avoid moving the armboard until therapy is complete.
C) Check extremity after IV therapy is completely finished.
D) Pad the board with a towel and fasten it with tape.

Question 20

The nurse caring for hospitalized children knows that these children need protection from contagious diseases. What infection control measures are recommended in this situation?

A) Use isolation protection when handling all children.
B) Wash hands thoroughly if in contact with any body fluids.
C) Change disposable gowns at least once a shift.
D) Wear colorful, reusable gowns.

Question 21

The LPN is monitoring a child who is on IV therapy for dehydration. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for this situation?

A) Monitor for signs of infection at the site, including blanching and lowered WBC count.
B) Change the central line dressing every 24 hours if using gauze.
C) Change the central line dressing every 48 hours if using a transparent dressing.
D) Do not use tape to secure the IV, use only Luer-Lok or click-lock connectors.

Question 22

Which intervention is most important when using an infusion pump to delivery IV fluid therapy to a toddler?

A) Check infusion pump for warning of IV infiltration.
B) Administer IV to the vein in the forearm.
C) Ensure that the catheter is in the vein.
D) Ask the family to prevent the child from pulling on the tube.

Question 23

The nurse is collecting a urine specimen from an 18-month-old male client. Which guideline is recommended for this procedure?

A) Place the infant on his back with legs extended outward.
B) Use an alcohol wipe to cleanse the penis before applying the collection device.
C) Apply the bag to the penis, sealing it from the top to the bottom.
D) Cover the bag with a light blanket or towel.

Question 24

A nurse is required to administer a suppository to a child to promote bowel movements. Which should the nurse do to effectively administer the suppository?

A) Lubricate the suppository with oil before insertion.
B) Press the anal sphincter gently to hold the suppository.
C) Assist the child to the toilet when required.
D) Avoid explaining the procedure to the child.

Question 25

The nurse is teaching new parents how to bathe their infants through demonstration. Which teaching point would the nurse include?

A) "Be sure to bathe your child every day and wash the diaper area between bathings."
B) "Concentrate on bathing the baby, not talking to the baby or playing games."
C) "Cleanse eyes first with two cotton balls and clear water, cleansing from inner to outer canthus."
D) "Use baby oil on skin that is irritated from diaper rash."

Question 26

Which intervention should the nurse implement when using an oxyhood to assist a child's respirations?

A) Place a bath blanket on top of bed linens.
B) Place the semitransparent box over the child's head.
C) Provide dry oxygen for the hood.
D) Ensure a high rate of flow of oxygen.

Question 27

A nurse is caring for a child with a fever of 102°F. What interventions should the nurse perform when caring for this child?

A) Monitor the child's temperature every 10 minutes.
B) Attempt to keep the child from crying.
C) Sponge the child with lukewarm water.
D) Cover the child in a blanket.

Question 28

The nurse is assisting with a venipuncture on an infant. What is the preferred site for this procedure?

A) Thigh
B) Scalp
C) Arm
D) Neck

Question 29

A child at the healthcare facility is scheduled to undergo surgery. Which intervention should the nurse implement immediately before the surgery?

A) Take and record vital signs and weight.
B) Ask family to fill out the admissions forms.
C) Determine blood type and crossmatch.
D) Perform x-ray examination and blood tests.

Question 30

Which guideline is recommended when administering medications to children?

A) Give the child the choice whether to take the medication or not.
B) If a child is uncooperative, give the injection when the child is sleeping.
C) Tell the child that the injection will not hurt.
D) When administering liquids, use the smallest syringe possible to ensure accuracy.